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In areas where there are conflicts, the humanitarian emergency makes infectious disease management extremely complex. Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) are among the most common infections globally including in Ethiopia that thrives during complex emergencies. However, with regards to STHs, studies in the context of conflict areas have not been documented in Ethiopia.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In southern Ethiopia, a community-based cross-sectional study design was employed. Simple random sampling method was used to enroll a total of 405 under-fives. Structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Kato\u2013Katz technique was used to examine stool specimens for <jats:italic>Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura<\/jats:italic> and hookworm spp. The <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>-score for stunting, wasting and underweight were computed using the World Health Organization anthroprocedures.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The respective prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths infection and malnutrition was 67.4% (273) and 54.2% (219). <jats:italic>Ascaris lumbricoides<\/jats:italic> was the predominant helminth parasite with a prevalence of 90%, followed by <jats:italic>T. trichiura<\/jats:italic> (12%)\u00a0and hookworm spp.\u00a0(5%). STHs infection was significantly associated with under-nutrition (AOR: 1.88, CI 1.22\u20132.90) and internal displacement (AOR: 3.08, CI 1.17\u20138.09). Infection with <jats:italic>A. lumbricoides<\/jats:italic> was associated with both stunting and wasting (AOR: 3.04, CI 1.48\u20136.26) and (AOR: 3.51, CI 1.79\u20136.91), respectively.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Both soil-transmitted helminths and malnutrition were important public health problems among under-fives in the present conflict affected areas. Internal displacement, unimproved water, absence of latrine and sanitary services were among significant determinants for STH infections.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s41182-022-00436-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,11]],"date-time":"2022-07-11T13:03:13Z","timestamp":1657544593000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Epidemiology of soil-transmitted helminthiasis and associated malnutrition among under-fives in conflict affected areas in southern Ethiopia"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Gosa Ebrahim","family":"Geleto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tesfu","family":"Kassa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Berhanu","family":"Erko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"436_CR1","unstructured":"Norwegian Refuge Council (NRC). 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