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In fetal biometry, femur length (FL) is crucial for assessing fetal growth and development. This study aimed to assess potential associations between fetal femur growth and prediabetic biomarkers in Bangladeshi children.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A cohort study embedded in a population-based maternal food and micronutrient supplementation (MINIMat)\u00a0trial was conducted in Matlab, Bangladesh. The children in the cohort were followed up until 15\u00a0years of age. In the original trial, pregnancy was confirmed by ultrasound before 13 gestational weeks (GWs). Afterward, ultrasound assessments were performed at 14, 19, and 30 GWs. FL was measured from one end to the other, capturing a complete femoral image. The FL was standardized by GW, and a <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>-score was calculated. FBG and HbA1c levels\u00a0were determined in plasma and whole blood, and the triglyceride\u2013glucose index, a biomarker of insulin resistance, was calculated as Ln [fasting triglycerides (mg\/dl)\u2009\u00d7\u2009fasting glucose (mg\/dl)\/2]. Multivariable linear regression analysis using a generalized linear model was performed to estimate the effects of FL at 14, 19 and 30 GWs on prediabetic biomarkers at 9 and 15\u00a0years of age. Maternal micronutrient and food supplementation group, parity, child sex, and BMI at 9\u00a0years or 15\u00a0years were included as covariates.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A total of 1.2% (6\/515) of the participants had impaired fasting glucose during preadolescence, which increased to 3.5% (15\/433) during adolescence. At 9\u00a0years, 6.3% (32\/508) of the participants had elevated HbA1c%, which increased to 28% (120\/431) at 15\u00a0years. Additionally, the TyG index increased from 9.5% (49\/515) (during preadolescence) to 13% (56\/433) (during adolescence). A one standard deviation decrease in FL at 14 and 19 GWs was associated with increased FBG (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u20090.44 [\u2212\u20090.88, \u2212\u20090.004], <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.048; <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u20090.59 [\u2212\u20091.12, \u2212\u20090.05], <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.031) and HbA1c (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u20090.01; [\u2212\u20090.03, -0.005], <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.007; <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u20090.01 [\u2212\u20090.03, \u2212\u20090.003], <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.018) levels at 15\u00a0years. FL was not associated with diabetic biomarkers at 9\u00a0years.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Mid-trimester impaired femur growth may be associated with elevated prediabetic biomarkers in Bangladeshi adolescents.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s41182-024-00611-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]],"date-time":"2024-07-02T02:02:11Z","timestamp":1719885731000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Fetal femur length and risk of diabetes in adolescence: a prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4002-2801","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Urme Binte","family":"Sayeed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Evana","family":"Akhtar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anjan Kumar","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sharmin","family":"Akter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ondine S.","family":"von Ehrenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rubhana","family":"Raqib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yukiko","family":"Wagatsuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"611_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2021.109119","volume":"183","author":"H Sun","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sun H, Saeedi P, Karuranga S, Pinkepank M, Ogurtsova K, Duncan BB, et al. 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