{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T11:55:43Z","timestamp":1774007743855,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773964800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773964800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Trop Med Health"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s41182-026-00938-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T09:33:34Z","timestamp":1773999214000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Progression from uncomplicated to severe malaria among children in settings receiving different combinations of malaria control interventions in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Erick Jacob","family":"Okek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeshua","family":"Jehopio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Obondo James","family":"Sande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benson","family":"Musinguzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Awor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juliet","family":"Asio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Doare Kirsty","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julius","family":"Lutwama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annet Kinengyere","family":"Alison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Bongomin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Moses","family":"Ocan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Kayondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"938_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101073","author":"P Venkatesan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Venkatesan P. WHO world malaria report 2024. Lancet Microbe. 2025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101073.","journal-title":"Lancet Microbe"},{"issue":"5","key":"938_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1586\/eri.10.36","volume":"8","author":"RD Gosling","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gosling RD, Cairns ME, Chico RM, Chandramohan D. Intermittent preventive treatment against malaria: an update. Expert Rev Anti-Infect Ther. 2010;8(5):589\u2013606.","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti-Infect Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"938_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ881","volume":"62","author":"M Desai","year":"2016","unstructured":"Desai M, Gutman J, Taylor SM, Wiegand RE, Khairallah C, Kayentao K, et al. Impact of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance on effectiveness of intermittent preventive therapy for malaria in pregnancy at clearing infections and preventing low birth weight. Clin Infect Dis. 2016;62(3):323\u201333.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"938_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-12-353","volume":"12","author":"S Thiam","year":"2013","unstructured":"Thiam S, Kimotho V, Gatonga P. Why are IPTp coverage targets so elusive in sub-Saharan Africa? A systematic review of health system barriers. Malar J. 2013;12(1):353.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"issue":"11","key":"938_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0313087","volume":"19","author":"MNH Nishan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Nishan MNH, Akter K. Coverage and determinants of intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp) in Cameroon, Guinea, Mali, and Nigeria. PLoS ONE. 2024;19(11):e0313087.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"2","key":"938_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0056183","volume":"8","author":"WE Harrington","year":"2013","unstructured":"Harrington WE, Morrison R, Fried M, Duffy PE. Intermittent preventive treatment in pregnant women is associated with increased risk of severe malaria in their offspring. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(2):e56183.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"3","key":"938_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(11)70320-6","volume":"12","author":"K Phiri","year":"2012","unstructured":"Phiri K, Esan M, Van Hensbroek MB, Khairallah C, Faragher B, ter Kuile FO. Intermittent preventive therapy for malaria with monthly artemether\u2013lumefantrine for the post-discharge management of severe anaemia in children aged 4\u201359 months in southern Malawi: a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Infect Dis. 2012;12(3):191\u2013200.","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4 Suppl","key":"938_CR8","first-page":"17","volume":"110","author":"ZD Schneider","year":"2023","unstructured":"Schneider ZD, Shah MP, Boily MC, Busbee AL, Hwang J, Lindblade KA, et al. Mass drug administration to reduce malaria transmission: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2023;110(4 Suppl):17.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"1","key":"938_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-9-369","volume":"9","author":"AM Noor","year":"2009","unstructured":"Noor AM, Kirui VC, Brooker SJ, Snow RW. The use of insecticide treated nets by age: implications for universal coverage in Africa. BMC Public Health. 2009;9(1):369.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"938_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pryce J, Medley N, Choi L. Indoor residual spraying for preventing malaria in communities using insecticide\u2010treated nets. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022(1).","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012688.pub3"},{"issue":"12","key":"938_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2022-009674","volume":"7","author":"W Van Bortel","year":"2022","unstructured":"Van Bortel W, Mari\u00ebn J, Jacobs BK, Sinzinkayo D, Sinarinzi P, Lampaert E, et al. Long-lasting insecticidal nets provide protection against malaria for only a single year in Burundi, an African highland setting with marked malaria seasonality. BMJ Glob Health. 2022;7(12):e009674.","journal-title":"BMJ Glob Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"938_CR12","first-page":"475","volume":"8","author":"BG Damien","year":"2023","unstructured":"Damien BG, Kesteman T, Dossou-Yovo GA, Dahounto A, Henry M-C, Rogier C, et al. Long-Lasting insecticide-treated nets combined or not with indoor residual spraying may not be sufficient to eliminate malaria: a case-control study, Benin, West Africa. Trop Med Infect Dis. 2023;8(10):475.","journal-title":"Trop Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"938_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2022.101292","author":"R Namazzi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Namazzi R, Batte A, Opoka RO, Bangirana P, Schwaderer AL, Berrens Z, et al. Acute kidney injury, persistent kidney disease, and post-discharge morbidity and mortality in severe malaria in children: a prospective cohort study. Eclinmed. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eclinm.2022.101292.","journal-title":"Eclinmed"},{"issue":"2","key":"938_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0004383","volume":"4","author":"AC Ghani","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ghani AC, Sutherland CJ, Riley EM, Drakeley CJ, Griffin JT, Gosling RD, et al. Loss of population levels of immunity to malaria as a result of exposure-reducing interventions: consequences for interpretation of disease trends. PLoS ONE. 2009;4(2):e4383.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"938_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.09672","volume":"4","author":"S Bhatt","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bhatt S, Weiss DJ, Mappin B, Dalrymple U, Cameron E, Bisanzio D, et al. Coverage and system efficiencies of insecticide-treated nets in Africa from 2000 to 2017. Elife. 2015;4:e09672.","journal-title":"Elife"},{"issue":"2","key":"938_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0277789","volume":"18","author":"EJ Okek","year":"2023","unstructured":"Okek EJ, Ocan M, Obondo SJ, Kiyimba A, Arinaitwe E, Nankabirwa J, et al. Effects of anti-malarial prophylaxes on maternal transfer of Immunoglobulin-G (IgG) and association to immunity against Plasmodium falciparum infections among children in a Ugandan birth cohort. PLoS ONE. 2023;18(2):e0277789.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"938_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","author":"MJ Page","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.n71.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"9","key":"938_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2025-099863","volume":"15","author":"EJ Okek","year":"2025","unstructured":"Okek EJ, Lutwama J, Kinengyere AA, Asio J, Awor S, Le Doare K, et al. Progression from uncomplicated to severe malaria among children in settings receiving different malaria control interventions in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review protocol. BMJ Open. 2025;15(9):e099863.","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"938_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bosman A, Mendis KN. A major transition in malaria treatment: the adoption and deployment of artemisinin-based combination therapies. Defining and defeating the intolerable burden of malaria III: Progress and perspectives: Supplement to volume 77 (6) of American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene. 2007.","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2007.77.193"},{"issue":"3","key":"938_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dys041","volume":"41","author":"RM Turner","year":"2012","unstructured":"Turner RM, Davey J, Clarke MJ, Thompson SG, Higgins JP. Predicting the extent of heterogeneity in meta-analysis, using empirical data from the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Int J Epidemiol. 2012;41(3):818\u201327.","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"938_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470712184","volume-title":"Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions","author":"JP Higgins","year":"2008","unstructured":"Higgins JP, Green S. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions. 2008."},{"issue":"1","key":"938_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-021-03974-x","volume":"20","author":"PO Ansah","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ansah PO, Ansah NA, Malm K, Awuni D, Peprah N, Dassah S, et al. Evaluation of pilot implementation of seasonal malaria chemoprevention on morbidity in young children in Northern Sahelian Ghana. Malar J. 2021;20(1):440.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"issue":"2","key":"938_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000407","volume":"8","author":"A Dicko","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dicko A, Diallo AI, Tembine I, Dicko Y, Dara N, Sidibe Y, et al. Intermittent preventive treatment of malaria provides substantial protection against malaria in children already protected by an insecticide-treated bednet in Mali: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. PLoS Med. 2011;8(2):e1000407.","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"938_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0040309","volume":"4","author":"A Bhattarai","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bhattarai A, Ali AS, Kachur SP, M\u00e5rtensson A, Abbas AK, Khatib R, et al. Impact of artemisinin-based combination therapy and insecticide-treated nets on malaria burden in Zanzibar. PLoS Med. 2007;4(11):e309.","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"938_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgh-2023-013898","author":"D Bisanzio","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bisanzio D, Keita MS, Camara A, Guilavogui T, Diallo T, Barry H, et al. Malaria trends in districts that were targeted and not-targeted for seasonal malaria chemoprevention in children under 5 years of age in Guinea, 2014\u20132021. BMJ Glob Health. 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjgh-2023-013898.","journal-title":"BMJ Glob Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"938_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002175","volume":"13","author":"B Ciss\u00e9","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ciss\u00e9 B, Ba EH, Sokhna C, NDiaye JL, Gomis JF, Dial Y, et al. Effectiveness of seasonal malaria chemoprevention in children under ten years of age in Senegal: a stepped-wedge cluster-randomised trial. PLoS Med. 2016;13(11):e1002175.","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"938_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0007164","volume":"4","author":"B Cisse","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cisse B, Cairns M, Faye E, NDiaye O, Faye B, Cames C, et al. Randomized trial of piperaquine with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine or dihydroartemisinin for malaria intermittent preventive treatment in children. PLoS ONE. 2009;4(9):e7164.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"938_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2022.e00258","volume":"18","author":"SI Diawara","year":"2022","unstructured":"Diawara SI, Konat\u00e9 D, Kayentao K, Mihigo J, Shaffer JG, Sangare M, et al. Effect of seasonal malaria chemoprevention in children between 5 and 9 years old in Kita and Bafoulabe districts, Mali. Parasite Epidemiol Control. 2022;18:e00258.","journal-title":"Parasite Epidemiol Control"},{"issue":"2","key":"938_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.21-0046","volume":"106","author":"D Konat\u00e9","year":"2021","unstructured":"Konat\u00e9 D, Diawara SI, Keita B, Sogoba N, Fayi\u00e7al M, Guindo A, et al. Effectiveness and community acceptance of extending seasonal malaria chemoprevention to children 5 to 14 years of age in Dangassa, Mali. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2021;106(2):648.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"6","key":"938_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0011227","volume":"5","author":"KA Bojang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bojang KA, Milligan PJ, Conway DJ, Sisay-Joof F, Jallow M, Nwakanma DC, et al. Prevention of the recurrence of anaemia in Gambian children following discharge from hospital. PLoS ONE. 2010;5(6):e11227.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"8","key":"938_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1277","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(23)00204-8","volume":"11","author":"G Makenga","year":"2023","unstructured":"Makenga G, Baraka V, Francis F, Nakato S, Gesase S, Mtove G, et al. Effectiveness and safety of intermittent preventive treatment with dihydroartemisinin\u2013piperaquine or artesunate\u2013amodiaquine for reducing malaria and related morbidities in schoolchildren in Tanzania: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Glob Health. 2023;11(8):e1277\u201389.","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"issue":"3 Suppl","key":"938_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.17-0281","volume":"97","author":"E Eckert","year":"2017","unstructured":"Eckert E, Florey LS, Tongren JE, Salgado SR, Rukundo A, Habimana JP, et al. Impact evaluation of malaria control interventions on morbidity and all-cause child mortality in Rwanda, 2000\u20132010. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2017;97(3 Suppl):99.","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"1","key":"938_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-13-334","volume":"13","author":"IU Sumbele","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sumbele IU, Ning TR, Bopda OS, Nkuo-Akenji T. Variation in malariometric and red cell indices in children in the Mount Cameroon area following enhanced malaria control measures: evidence from a repeated cross-sectional study. Malar J. 2014;13(1):334.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"issue":"1","key":"938_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-022-04428-8","volume":"22","author":"G Makenga","year":"2023","unstructured":"Makenga G, Seth MD, Baraka V, Mmbando BP, Challe DP, Francis F, et al. Implementation research of a cluster randomized trial evaluating the implementation and effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria using dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine on reducing malaria burden in school-aged children in Tanzania: methodology, challenges, and mitigation. Malar J. 2023;22(1):7.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"issue":"1","key":"938_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-020-03344-z","volume":"19","author":"M Kotepui","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kotepui M, Kotepui KU, Milanez GD, Masangkay FR. Global prevalence and mortality of severe Plasmodium malariae infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Malar J. 2020;19(1):274.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"issue":"4","key":"938_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0175537","volume":"12","author":"M Zgambo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zgambo M, Mbakaya BC, Kalembo FW. Prevalence and factors associated with malaria parasitaemia in children under the age of five years in Malawi: a comparison study of the 2012 and 2014 Malaria Indicator Surveys (MISs). PLoS ONE. 2017;12(4):e0175537.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"938_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-018-2220-x","volume":"17","author":"ML Sadoine","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sadoine ML, Smargiassi A, Ridde V, Tusting LS, Zinszer K. The associations between malaria, interventions, and the environment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Malar J. 2018;17(1):73.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"issue":"1","key":"938_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-6-88","volume":"6","author":"CO Falade","year":"2007","unstructured":"Falade CO, Yusuf BO, Fadero FF, Mokuolu OA, Hamer DH, Salako LA. Intermittent preventive treatment with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine is effective in preventing maternal and placental malaria in Ibadan, south-western Nigeria. Malar J. 2007;6(1):88.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"issue":"1","key":"938_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-025-05339-0","volume":"24","author":"R Mulebeke","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mulebeke R, Yeka A, van Geertruyden J-P. Enhancing malaria elimination in high-transmission settings: the synergy of concurrent vector control and chemotherapy. Malar J. 2025;24(1):105.","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"issue":"1","key":"938_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-06929-4","volume":"21","author":"KA Elmardi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Elmardi KA, Adam I, Malik EM, Kafy HT, Abdin MS, Kleinschmidt I, et al. Impact of malaria control interventions on malaria infection and anaemia in areas with irrigated schemes: a cross-sectional population-based study in Sudan. BMC Infect Dis. 2021;21(1):1248.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"938_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.12952.1","volume":"6","author":"T Kesteman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kesteman T, Randrianarivelojosia M, Rogier C. The protective effectiveness of control interventions for malaria prevention: a systematic review of the literature. F1000Res. 2017;6:1932.","journal-title":"F1000Res"},{"issue":"9700","key":"938_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60997-1","volume":"374","author":"RD Gosling","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gosling RD, Gesase S, Mosha JF, Carneiro I, Hashim R, Lemnge M, et al. Protective efficacy and safety of three antimalarial regimens for intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in infants: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2009;374(9700):1521\u201332.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"938_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s44197-025-00381-2","volume":"15","author":"M Cissoko","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cissoko M, Sagara I, Guindo A, Maiga M, Demb\u00e9l\u00e9 P, Bationo CS, et al. Impact of control interventions on malaria incidence in the general population of Mali. J Epidemiol Glob Health. 2025;15(1):1\u201319.","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Glob Health"},{"issue":"04","key":"938_CR44","first-page":"29","volume":"11","author":"Y Zhou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhou Y, Zhang W-X, Tembo E, Xie M-Z, Zhang S-S, Wang X-R, et al. Effectiveness of indoor residual spraying on malaria control: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Infect Dis Poverty. 2022;11(04):29\u201342.","journal-title":"Infect Dis Poverty"}],"container-title":["Tropical Medicine and Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s41182-026-00938-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s41182-026-00938-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s41182-026-00938-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T09:33:36Z","timestamp":1773999216000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s41182-026-00938-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["938"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41182-026-00938-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1349-4147"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1349-4147","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 March 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study did not involve human participants and so ethical approval was not sought for. Full review and metanalysis will be published in a peer-reviewed journal, presented to national and international conferences. A full systematic review and meta-analysis is expected to be ready for dissemination by the end of December 2025.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"54"}}