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Research"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recent findings suggest that adding a visual depiction of a nose to virtual reality displays (virtual nose) can reduce motion sickness. If so, this would be a simple intervention that could improve the experience of a variety of VR applications. However, only one peer-reviewed study has reported a benefit from a virtual nose, and the effect was observed in a single low-powered experiment. To further test the effectiveness of a virtual nose for mitigating motion sickness in VR, we performed a preregistered experiment with higher power and better control. Subjects were presented with simulated movement in a virtual environment using a head-mounted display, and the resulting motion sickness was measured using the Fast Motion Sickness Scale (FMS) and the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ). Conditions with and without a virtual nose were tested in separate sessions on different days, and the mean habituation effects were removed analytically. Awareness of the manipulation was assessed with a funnel debriefing procedure. The sample size (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200932) was chosen to have over 90% power to detect the estimated effect size based on previous data (<jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20090.6). We found no significant difference between motion sickness in conditions with and without the virtual nose. The estimated effect size was close to zero, <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>z<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u00a00.02, with a 95% credible interval [\u2212\u00a00.37, 0.33]. Results from a Bayesian analysis imply that any benefit from a virtual nose is unlikely to be more than a 26% reduction in FMS scores, and any cost is unlikely to be more than a 23% increase. Our results do not support the hypothesis that a virtual nose is a general and effective way to relieve motion sickness in virtual reality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s41235-024-00593-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,31]],"date-time":"2024-10-31T08:24:49Z","timestamp":1730363089000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Preregistered test of whether a virtual nose reduces cybersickness"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Sai Ho","family":"Yip","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adrian K. T.","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henry Y. 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