{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T11:19:53Z","timestamp":1788952793343,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788825600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012940","name":"Universit\u00e4tsklinikum T\u00fcbingen","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012940","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Patient Rep Outcomes"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Work Disability Functional Assessment Battery (WD-FAB) was developed based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework and administered using a computer adaptive test (CAT) to assess individuals\u2019 functional status. The framework and assessment of functional status is especially pertinent in Germany as one factor in determining work disability. This paper reports on the translation and cultural adaptation of the WD-FAB from English (USA) to German (Germany).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A combination of forward-backward and dual-panel approaches was used to translate the WD-FAB into German. During the reconciliation process after forward and backward translations, a selection of items was discussed with the forward\/backward certified translators, discussed with developers of the WD-FAB and selected for dual-panel discussion. A field test with rehabilitation patients was conducted to finalize the adaptation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      401 unique items from the original WD-FAB and version 3.0 (the majority of the items were the same across versions) were translated into German. After forward translation, the majority of the items were easily reconciled. Some items (identified by YF and TK) could not be easily reconciled and required additional examination. Based on the reasons for difficulties in forward translation, items were selected for the translation panel discussions (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200969), discussed with developers (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200949) and\/or further discussed with the two forward translators (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200918). After the first reconciliation and backward translation, 31 items were discussed with all translators again and 4 were again discussed with developers. 77 rehabilitation patients participated in the field test, 29 of whom provided feedback suggesting further revisions. Through the entire adaptation process, the items that were problematic involved those dealing with \u201canger\u201d and \u201cstress\u201d. Furthermore, environmental differences between Germany and the USA limited the adaptation of some physical functioning items.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite some differences in the cultural and structural context, we successfully adapted the WD-FAB item banks to German. Future validation of the measure is necessary to understand whether the items have similar psychometric measurement properties to those of the original WD-FAB.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s41687-026-01181-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T10:45:24Z","timestamp":1788864324000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cultural adaptation of the Work Disability Functional Assessment Battery (WD-FAB) into German (Germany): hybrid application of two adaptation approaches"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1509-3409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"You-Shan","family":"Feng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Meyer-Moock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maresa","family":"Buchholz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Marfeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Porcino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanne","family":"Weinbrenner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg","family":"Gehrke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lewis E.","family":"Kazis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Kohlmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"1181_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leonardi M, Lee H, Kostanjsek N, Fornari A, Raggi A, Martinuzzi A, Y\u00e1\u00f1ez M, Almborg AH, Fresk M, Besstrashnova Y et al (2022) 20 Years of ICF-international classification of functioning, disability and health: uses and applications around the world. Int J Environ Res Public Health 19","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191811321"},{"key":"1181_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1080\/0963828031000137063","volume":"25","author":"TB Ust\u00fcn","year":"2003","unstructured":"Ust\u00fcn TB, Chatterji S, Bickenbach J, Kostanjsek N, Schneider M (2003) The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health: a new tool for understanding disability and health. Disabil Rehabil 25:565\u2013571","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"key":"1181_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1007\/s00103-016-2401-0","volume":"59","author":"TR Wenzel","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wenzel TR, Morfeld M (2016) Das biopsychosoziale Modell und die Internationale Klassifikation der Funktionsf\u00e4higkeit, Behinderung und Gesundheit. Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz 59:1125\u20131132","journal-title":"Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz"},{"key":"1181_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1007\/s00103-017-2517-x","volume":"60","author":"TR Wenzel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wenzel TR, Morfeld M (2017) Nutzung der ICF in der medizinischen Rehabilitation in Deutschland: Anspruch und Wirklichkeit. Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz 60:386\u2013393","journal-title":"Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz"},{"key":"1181_CR5","unstructured":"Gesetz zur St\u00e4rkung der Teilhabe und Selbstbestimmung von Menschen mit Behinderungen (Bundesteilhabegesetz \u2013 BTHG). https:\/\/www.gesetze-im-internet.de\/bthg\/"},{"key":"1181_CR6","unstructured":"Richtlinie des Gemeinsamen Bundesausschusses (2023) -03-22.pdf Richtlinie \u00fcber Leistungen zur medizinischen Rehabilitation (Rehabilitations-Richtlinie\/Reha-RL) in der Fassung vom 16. M\u00e4rz 2004, ver\u00f6ffentlicht im Bundesanzeiger Nr. 63 (S. 6 769) vom 31. M\u00e4rz, 2004 in Kraft getreten am 1. April 2004. Zuletzt ge\u00e4ndert am 19. Januar 2023, ver\u00f6ffentlicht im Bundesanzeiger (BAnz AT 21.03.2023 B5), in Kraft getreten am 22. M\u00e4rz 2023. https:\/\/www.g-ba.de\/downloads\/62-492-3095\/Reha-RL_2023-01-19_iK-"},{"key":"1181_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2013.03.015","volume":"94","author":"EE Marfeo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Marfeo EE, Haley SM, Jette AM, Eisen SV, Ni P, Bogusz K, Meterko M, McDonough CM, Chan L, Brandt DE, Rasch EK (2013) Conceptual foundation for measures of physical function and behavioral health function for Social Security work disability evaluation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 94:1645\u20131652e1642","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"1181_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2019.03.004","volume":"30","author":"AM Jette","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jette AM, Ni P, Rasch E, Marfeo E, McDonough C, Brandt D, Kazis L, Chan L (2019) The Work Disability Functional Assessment Battery (WD-FAB). Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 30:561\u2013572","journal-title":"Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am"},{"key":"1181_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2014.11.025","volume":"96","author":"M Meterko","year":"2015","unstructured":"Meterko M, Marfeo EE, McDonough CM, Jette AM, Ni P, Bogusz K, Rasch EK, Brandt DE, Chan L (2015) Work disability functional assessment battery: feasibility and psychometric properties. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 96:1028\u20131035","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"1181_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2013.03.011","volume":"94","author":"CM McDonough","year":"2013","unstructured":"McDonough CM, Jette AM, Ni P, Bogusz K, Marfeo EE, Brandt DE, Chan L, Meterko M, Haley SM, Rasch EK (2013) Development of a self-report physical function instrument for disability assessment: item pool construction and factor analysis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 94:1653\u20131660","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"1181_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1798","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.04.014","volume":"99","author":"CM McDonough","year":"2018","unstructured":"McDonough CM, Ni P, Peterik K, Hershberg JD, Bell LR, Chan L, Brandt DE, Jette AM (2018) Validation of the Work-Disability Physical Functional Assessment Battery. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 99:1798\u20131804","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"1181_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1007\/s10926-017-9710-5","volume":"28","author":"EE Marfeo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Marfeo EE, Ni P, McDonough C, Peterik K, Marino M, Meterko M, Rasch EK, Chan L, Brandt D, Jette AM (2018) Improving Assessment of Work Related Mental Health Function Using the Work Disability Functional Assessment Battery (WD-FAB). J Occup Rehabil 28:190\u2013199","journal-title":"J Occup Rehabil"},{"key":"1181_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-016-1477-1","volume":"26","author":"CM McDonough","year":"2017","unstructured":"McDonough CM, Ni P, Peterik K, Marfeo EE, Marino ME, Meterko M, Rasch EK, Brandt DE, Jette AM, Chan L (2017) Improving measures of work-related physical functioning. Qual Life Res 26:789\u2013798","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"key":"1181_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1007\/s12498-018-0247-0","volume":"26","author":"J Porcino","year":"2018","unstructured":"Porcino J, Marfeo B, McDonough C, Chan L (2018) The Work Disability Functional Assessment Battery (WD-FAB): Development and validation review. Tijdschrift voor Bedrijfs- en Verzekeringsgeneeskunde 26:344\u2013349","journal-title":"Tijdschrift voor Bedrijfs- en Verzekeringsgeneeskunde"},{"key":"1181_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1026410721664","volume":"6","author":"M Herdman","year":"1997","unstructured":"Herdman M, Fox-Rushby J, Badia X (1997) Equivalence\u2019 and the translation and adaptation of health-related quality of life questionnaires. Qual Life Res 6:237\u2013247","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"key":"1181_CR16","first-page":"379","volume":"30","author":"D da Mota Falc\u00e3o","year":"2003","unstructured":"da Mota Falc\u00e3o D, Ciconelli RM, Ferraz MB (2003) Translation and cultural adaptation of quality of life questionnaires: an evaluation of methodology. J Rheumatol 30:379\u2013385","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"1181_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0127050","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0127050","volume":"10","author":"AK Danielsen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Danielsen AK, Pommergaard HC, Burcharth J, Angenete E, Rosenberg J (2015) Translation of questionnaires measuring health related quality of life is not standardized: a literature based research study. PLoS ONE 10:e0127050","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"1181_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2014.11.021","volume":"68","author":"J Epstein","year":"2015","unstructured":"Epstein J, Santo RM, Guillemin F (2015) A review of guidelines for cross-cultural adaptation of questionnaires could not bring out a consensus. J Clin Epidemiol 68:435\u2013441","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"1181_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4733.2009.00677.x","volume":"13","author":"P Hagell","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hagell P, Hedin PJ, Meads DM, Nyberg L, McKenna SP (2010) Effects of method of translation of patient-reported health outcome questionnaires: a randomized study of the translation of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Quality of Life (RAQoL) Instrument for Sweden. Value Health 13:424\u2013430","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"key":"1181_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4733.2007.00292.x","volume":"11","author":"C Acquadro","year":"2008","unstructured":"Acquadro C, Conway K, Hareendran A, Aaronson N (2008) Literature review of methods to translate health-related quality of life questionnaires for use in multinational clinical trials. Value Health 11:509\u2013521","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"key":"1181_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3186","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200012150-00014","volume":"25","author":"DE Beaton","year":"2000","unstructured":"Beaton DE, Bombardier C, Guillemin F, Ferraz MB (2000) Guidelines for the process of cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 25:3186\u20133191","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"1181_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(98)00082-1","volume":"51","author":"M Bullinger","year":"1998","unstructured":"Bullinger M, Alonso J, Apolone G, Lepl\u00e8ge A, Sullivan M, Wood-Dauphinee S, Gandek B, Wagner A, Aaronson N, Bech P et al (1998) Translating health status questionnaires and evaluating their quality: the IQOLA Project approach. International Quality of Life Assessment. J Clin Epidemiol 51:913\u2013923","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"1181_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(93)90142-N","volume":"46","author":"F Guillemin","year":"1993","unstructured":"Guillemin F, Bombardier C, Beaton D (1993) Cross-cultural adaptation of health-related quality of life measures: literature review and proposed guidelines. J Clin Epidemiol 46:1417\u20131432","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"1181_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sartorius N, Kuyken W (1994) Translation of Health Status Instruments. In Orley J, Kuyken W, Ed. Quality of Life Assessment: International Perspectives; Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp 3-18","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-79123-9_1"},{"key":"1181_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1015013312456","volume":"11","author":"SM Skevington","year":"2002","unstructured":"Skevington SM (2002) Advancing cross-cultural research on quality of life: observations drawn from the WHOQOL development. World Health Organisation Quality of Life Assessment. Qual Life Res 11:135\u2013144","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"key":"1181_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1017\/S0266462300008710","volume":"11","author":"JE Ware","year":"1995","unstructured":"Ware JE, Keller SD, Gandek B, Brazier JE, Sullivan M (1995) Evaluating Translations of Health Status Questionnaires: Methods From the IQOLA Project. Int J Technol Assess Health Care 11:525\u2013551","journal-title":"Int J Technol Assess Health Care"},{"key":"1181_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4733.2005.04054.x","volume":"8","author":"D Wild","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wild D, Grove A, Martin M, Eremenco S, McElroy S, Verjee-Lorenz A, Erikson P (2005) Principles of Good Practice for the Translation and Cultural Adaptation Process for Patient-Reported Outcomes (PRO) Measures: report of the ISPOR Task Force for Translation and Cultural Adaptation. Value Health 8:94\u2013104","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"key":"1181_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S27","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4733.2004.7s107.x","volume":"7","author":"A Swaine-Verdier","year":"2004","unstructured":"Swaine-Verdier A, Doward LC, Hagell P, Thorsen H, McKenna SP (2004) Adapting Quality of Life Instruments. Value Health 7:S27\u2013S30","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"key":"1181_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1199989","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1199989","volume":"14","author":"P Walde","year":"2023","unstructured":"Walde P, V\u00f6llm BA (2023) The TRAPD approach as a method for questionnaire translation. Front Psychiatry 14:1199989","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"1181_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12715","DOI":"10.1111\/ijn.12715","volume":"25","author":"WL Lee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lee WL, Chinna K, Lim Abdullah K, Zainal Abidin I (2019) The forward-backward and dual-panel translation methods are comparable in producing semantic equivalent versions of a heart quality of life questionnaire. Int J Nurs Pract 25:e12715","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Pract"},{"key":"1181_CR31","unstructured":"Mohler P, Dorer B, de Jong J, Hu M (2016) Translation. In Guidelines for Best Practice in Cross-Cultural Surveys. 4th edition. Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA: Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, pp 233\u2013377"},{"key":"1181_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1679","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2013.03.012","volume":"94","author":"EE Marfeo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Marfeo EE, Ni P, Haley SM, Bogusz K, Meterko M, McDonough CM, Chan L, Rasch EK, Brandt DE, Jette AM (2013) Scale refinement and initial evaluation of a behavioral health function measurement tool for work disability evaluation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 94:1679\u20131686","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"1181_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0000000000001521","volume":"61","author":"EE Marfeo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Marfeo EE, McDonough C, Ni P, Peterik K, Porcino J, Meterko M, Rasch E, Kazis L, Chan L (2019) Measuring Work Related Physical and Mental Health Function: Updating the Work Disability Functional Assessment Battery (WD-FAB) Using Item Response Theory. J Occup Environ Med 61:219\u2013224","journal-title":"J Occup Environ Med"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"1181_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S37","DOI":"10.1123\/jpah.9.s1.s37","volume":"9","author":"EM Arredondo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Arredondo EM, Mendelson T, Holub C, Espinoza N, Marshall S (2012) Cultural adaptation of physical activity self-report instruments. J Phys Act Health 9(Suppl 1):S37\u201343","journal-title":"J Phys Act Health"},{"key":"1181_CR35","first-page":"1015","volume":"1","author":"JE Broderick","year":"2013","unstructured":"Broderick JE, DeWitt EM, Rothrock N, Crane PK, Forrest CB (2013) Advances in Patient-Reported Outcomes: The NIH PROMIS(\u00ae) Measures. EGEMS (Wash DC) 1:1015","journal-title":"EGEMS (Wash DC)"},{"key":"1181_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlr.0000258615.42478.55","volume":"45","author":"D Cella","year":"2007","unstructured":"Cella D, Yount S, Rothrock N, Gershon R, Cook K, Reeve B, Ader D, Fries JF, Bruce B, Rose M (2007) The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS): progress of an NIH Roadmap cooperative group during its first two years. Med Care 45:S3\u2013s11","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"1181_CR37","first-page":"S53","volume":"23","author":"JF Fries","year":"2005","unstructured":"Fries JF, Bruce B, Cella D (2005) The promise of PROMIS: using item response theory to improve assessment of patient-reported outcomes. Clin Exp Rheumatol 23:S53\u201357","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"1181_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1177\/0163278715598600","volume":"40","author":"T Jakob","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jakob T, Nagl M, Gramm L, Heyduck K, Farin E, Glattacker M (2017) Psychometric Properties of a German Translation of the PROMIS\u00ae Depression Item Bank. Eval Health Prof 40:106\u2013120","journal-title":"Eval Health Prof"},{"key":"1181_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215517714297","volume":"32","author":"G Liegl","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liegl G, Rose M, Correia H, Fischer HF, Kanlidere S, Mierke A, Obbarius A, Nolte S (2018) An initial psychometric evaluation of the German PROMIS v1.2 Physical Function item bank in patients with a wide range of health conditions. Clin Rehabil 32:84\u201393","journal-title":"Clin Rehabil"},{"key":"1181_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1177\/0163278713503468","volume":"38","author":"M Nagl","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nagl M, Gramm L, Heyduck K, Glattacker M, Farin E (2015) Development and Psychometric Evaluation of a German Version of the PROMIS\u00ae Item Banks for Satisfaction With Participation. Eval Health Prof 38:160\u2013180","journal-title":"Eval Health Prof"},{"key":"1181_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Roudijk B, Janssen B, Olsen JA (2022) How Do EQ-5D-5L Value Sets Differ? In Devlin N, Roudijk B, Ludwig K, ed. Value Sets for EQ-5D-5L: A Compendium, Comparative Review & User Guide. Cham (CH): Springer Copyright The Author(s). 2022:pp 235\u2013258","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-89289-0_6"},{"key":"1181_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vhri.2020.11.007","volume":"24","author":"Z Mao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mao Z, Ahmed S, Graham C, Kind P, Sun YN, Yu CH (2021) Similarities and Differences in Health-Related Quality-of-Life Concepts Between the East and the West: A Qualitative Analysis of the Content of Health-Related Quality-of-Life Measures. Value Health Reg Issues 24:96\u2013106","journal-title":"Value Health Reg Issues"},{"key":"1181_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e212","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2021.36.e212","volume":"36","author":"Y Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim Y, Yoon J, Kim N, Lee M, Kang D, Park HY, Oh D, Sung KS, Suh GY, Ahn JS, Cho J (2021) Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System: Translation and Linguistic Validation of Six Profile Domains for Korean Adults. J Korean Med Sci 36:e212","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci"},{"key":"1181_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-009-9463-5","volume":"18","author":"SM Haley","year":"2009","unstructured":"Haley SM, Ni P, Jette AM, Tao W, Moed R, Meyers D, Ludlow LH (2009) Replenishing a computerized adaptive test of patient-reported daily activity functioning. Qual Life Res 18:461\u2013471","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"}],"container-title":["Journal of Patient-Reported Outcomes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s41687-026-01181-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s41687-026-01181-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s41687-026-01181-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T11:05:09Z","timestamp":1788951909000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s41687-026-01181-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1181"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41687-026-01181-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2509-8020"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2509-8020","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 January 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 August 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 September 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The field test which involved interviews with patients was reviewed and approved by the Ethical Committee of the University Medicine Greifswald: ID BB 113\/19. Patients were provided information letters and consented to data collection and participation in the project prior to interviews. Patient identities were not collected and all interview results were stored in a secure location at the Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All authors approved the manuscript for submission to this journal and can provide formal consent for publication in the future.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"166"}}