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We aimed to assess SCT-generated material density (MD) parameters for nodule characterisation in cirrhosis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Dynamic dual-energy SCT scans of cirrhotic patients performed over 3 years were retrospectively reviewed. They were classified as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), regenerative or indeterminate, according to the European Association for the Study of the Liver criteria. MD maps were generated to calculate the area under the curve (AUC) and cutoff values to discriminate these nodules in the hepatic arterial phase (HAP) and portal venous phase (PVP). MD maps included iodine concentration density (ICD) of the liver and nodule, lesion-to-normal liver ICD ratio (LNR) and difference in nodule ICD between HAP and PVP.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Three hundred thirty nodules belonging to 300 patients (age 53.0 \u00b1 12.7 years, mean \u00b1 standard deviation) were analysed at SCT (size 2.3 \u00b1 0.8 cm, mean \u00b1 SD). One hundred thirty-three (40.3%) nodules were classified as HCC, 147 (44.5%) as regenerative and 50 (15.2%) as indeterminate. On histopathology, 136 (41.2%) nodules were classified as HCC, 183 (55.5%) as regenerative and 11 (3.3%) as dysplastic. All MD parameters on HAP and the\u00a0nodule\u00a0 difference in ICD could discriminate pathologically proven HCC or potentially malignant nodules from regenerative nodules (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). The AUC was 82.4% with a cutoff &gt; 15.5 mg\/mL for nodule ICD, 81.3% &gt; 1.8 for LNR-HAP and 81.3% for difference in ICD &gt; 3.5 mg\/mL.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>SCT-generated MD parameters are viable diagnostic tools for differentiating malignant or potentially malignant from benign nodules in the cirrhotic liver.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s41747-021-00220-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,28]],"date-time":"2021-05-28T03:51:34Z","timestamp":1622173894000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Material decomposition using iodine quantification on spectral CT for characterising nodules in the cirrhotic liver: a retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2459-7927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shalini Thapar","family":"Laroia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Komal","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Senthil","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Archana","family":"Rastogi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guresh","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiv Kumar","family":"Sarin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"220_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1749","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60121-5","volume":"383","author":"EA Tsochatzis","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tsochatzis EA, Bosch J, Burroughs AK (2014) Liver cirrhosis. 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