{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T22:17:49Z","timestamp":1788214669369,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003252","name":"Lund University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003252","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["EJNMMI Rep."],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In routine practice, radiopharmaceuticals are administered via a newly placed peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC). However, many patients referred for nuclear medicine imaging already have a semipermanent venous access device in place, such as a central venous catheter, peripherally inserted central catheter, or subcutaneous implantable venous port. Evidence regarding residual radiopharmaceutical activity within preexisting devices\u2014and its potential consequences for SPECT\/PET image quality, diagnostic interpretation, and radiation safety\u2014remains limited. This study aimed to quantify device-related residual radiopharmaceutical activity across commonly used access types and to assess any associated clinical impact during image review.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this observational cohort study at Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital, Sweden, 167 patient administrations during SPECT or PET imaging between June 2023 and January 2026 were included (40% aged\u2009&lt;\u200918 years). Residual activity was evaluated using ROI\/VOI based quantification at the venous access site on reconstructed or planar images. Measurements were performed in an activity meter using PIVCs that had been removed from patients prior to imaging. In an experimental setting, representative venous access devices were flushed under controlled conditions to determine residual activity fraction. Residual activity was expressed both as absolute activity (MBq) and as the percentage of the administered activity. Across 214 measurements including 13 radiopharmaceuticals, residual activity was generally low: only 3.3% of the measurements (7\/214) exceeded 5% of the administered activity. The highest absolute residual activity was 31 MBq ([\n                      <jats:sup>99m<\/jats:sup>\n                      Tc]pertechnetate, PIVC), and the highest proportional residual activity was 17.3% ([\n                      <jats:sup>99m<\/jats:sup>\n                      Tc]Tc-MAA, Midline). On clinical image review, no instance of device related residual activity was associated with impaired interpretation or reduced diagnostic confidence.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this real-world cohort, residual radiopharmaceutical activity within preexisting venous access devices was generally low and showed no discernible impact on visual clinical SPECT or PET interpretation. Prospective studies including a broader range of tracers, access devices, and quantitative endpoints are needed to more fully characterize the clinical implications of residual activity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s41824-026-00317-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T22:02:51Z","timestamp":1788213771000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Residual radiopharmaceutical activity in venous access devices during PET and SPECT imaging: a real-world clinical observational cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4026-1566","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rasmus","family":"Solem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nourhan","family":"Al-Amiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1265-8649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ida","family":"Skarping","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"317_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20150185","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20150185","volume":"88","author":"DS Abou","year":"2015","unstructured":"Abou DS, Pickett JE, Thorek DL (2015) Nuclear molecular imaging with nanoparticles: radiochemistry, applications and translation. 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In: SNMMII, editor. https:\/\/snmmi.org\/Web\/Clinical-Practice\/Procedure-Standards\/Standards\/Use_of_Radiopharmaceuticals_5"}],"container-title":["EJNMMI Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s41824-026-00317-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s41824-026-00317-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s41824-026-00317-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T22:02:53Z","timestamp":1788213773000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s41824-026-00317-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["317"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41824-026-00317-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["3005-074X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"3005-074X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 April 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 September 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee, and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was approved by the Swedish Ethics Committee, dnr 2025-00354-01. Informed written consent to participate was retrieved and signed for study participants, or their legal guardian when applicable, in the prospective cohort. For the retrospective cohort, in accordance with the decision from the ethics committee, consent to include was waived by the Ethics Committee and subsequently no written consent was obtained for these patients.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Written informed consent for publication of study results and imaging data was obtained from participants in the prospective cohort, or their legal guardians when applicable. All patient images presented in this paper originate from the prospective cohort. For the retrospective cohort, the requirement for informed consent was waived by the ethics committee, and no written consent was obtained.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"33"}}