{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T08:51:33Z","timestamp":1791276693138,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791244800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791244800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["EJNMMI Rep."],"DOI":"10.1186\/s41824-026-00320-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T22:13:40Z","timestamp":1791238420000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor PET\/CT in gastrinomas: a case series demonstrating the precise characterization to guide surgical and medical treatment"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Junyan","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2544-7522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shaoli","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"320_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13267","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.13267","volume":"35","author":"O Chatzipanagiotou","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chatzipanagiotou O, Schizas D, Vailas M, Tsoli M, Sakarellos P, Sotiropoulou M et al (2023) All you need to know about gastrinoma today | Gastrinoma and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: A thorough update. J Neuroendocrinol 35(4):e13267","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol"},{"key":"320_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jensen RT, Ramos-Alvarez I, Norton JA (2025) Current medical controversies in zollinger-ellison syndrome. Biomedicines.13(12)","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines13123051"},{"issue":"3","key":"320_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2018.04.009","volume":"47","author":"JA Norton","year":"2018","unstructured":"Norton JA, Foster DS, Ito T, Jensen RT (2018) Gastrinomas: Medical or Surgical Treatment. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 47(3):577\u2013601","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"320_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-11-0013","volume":"18","author":"G Kloppel","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kloppel G (2011) Classification and pathology of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms. Endocr Relat Cancer 18(Suppl 1):S1\u201316","journal-title":"Endocr Relat Cancer"},{"key":"320_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ito T, Ramos-Alvarez I, Jensen RT (2024) Long-term proton pump inhibitor-acid suppressive treatment can cause vitamin b(12) deficiency in zollinger-ellison syndrome (zes) patients. Int J Mol Sci.25(13)","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25137286"},{"key":"320_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.currproblcancer.2024.101130","volume":"52","author":"A Wahba","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wahba A, Tan Z, Dillon JS (2024) Management of functional neuroendocrine tumors. Curr Probl Cancer 52:101130","journal-title":"Curr Probl Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"320_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101787","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2023.101787","volume":"37","author":"J Hofland","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hofland J, de Herder WW (2023) Effective strategies for adequate control of hormonal secretion in functioning neuroendocrine neoplasms. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 37(5):101787","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"320_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1097\/01.md.0000236956.74128.76","volume":"85","author":"MJ Berna","year":"2006","unstructured":"Berna MJ, Hoffmann KM, Serrano J, Gibril F, Jensen RT (2006) Serum gastrin in Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: I. Prospective study of fasting serum gastrin in 309 patients from the National Institutes of Health and comparison with 2229 cases from the literature. Med (Baltim) 85(6):295\u2013330","journal-title":"Med (Baltim)"},{"issue":"Suppl 1 UCTN","key":"320_CR9","first-page":"E504","volume":"47","author":"R Gincul","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gincul R, Lepilliez V, Walter T, Rabeyrin M, Ponchon T, Adham M et al (2015) Diagnosis and preoperative tagging of duodenal gastrinoma by endoscopic ultrasound. Endoscopy 47(Suppl 1 UCTN):E504\u2013E505","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"issue":"3","key":"320_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-012-9925-z","volume":"38","author":"N Naswa","year":"2013","unstructured":"Naswa N, Sharma P, Soundararajan R, Karunanithi S, Nazar AH, Kumar R et al (2013) Diagnostic performance of somatostatin receptor PET\/CT using 68Ga-DOTANOC in gastrinoma patients with negative or equivocal CT findings. Abdom Imaging 38(3):552\u2013560","journal-title":"Abdom Imaging"},{"issue":"12","key":"320_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4487","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-025-07298-9","volume":"52","author":"H Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang H, Pan Q, Liu S, Feng J, Yu M, Li N et al (2025) Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor PET\/CT with (68)Ga-exendin-4 for localizing insulinoma: a real-world, single-center study. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 52(12):4487\u20134496","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"issue":"12","key":"320_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7526","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2025.09.020","volume":"32","author":"W Qi-Chang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Qi-Chang W, Lan W, Bin J (2025) Diagnostic Performance of Exendin-4 PET\/CT in Localizing Insulinomas: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Acad Radiol 32(12):7526\u20137536","journal-title":"Acad Radiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"320_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1097\/RLU.0000000000005946","volume":"50","author":"C Aveline","year":"2025","unstructured":"Aveline C, Rusu T, Montravers F, Gaujoux S, Dubreuil O, Belle A et al (2025) 68 Ga-NODAGA-EXENDIN-4 PET\/CT in the Detection or the Exclusion of Occult Sporadic Insulinomas. Clin Nucl Med 50(12):1109\u20131119","journal-title":"Clin Nucl Med"},{"key":"320_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang H, Pan Q, Liu S, Feng J, Luo Y (2025) Gastrinoma demonstrating intense uptake on (68)Ga-exendin-4 PET\/CT. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-025-07263-6"},{"issue":"5","key":"320_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-003-1184-3","volume":"30","author":"JC Reubi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Reubi JC, Waser B (2003) Concomitant expression of several peptide receptors in neuroendocrine tumours: molecular basis for in vivo multireceptor tumour targeting. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 30(5):781\u2013793","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"},{"key":"320_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102907","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2025.102907","volume":"135","author":"F Spada","year":"2025","unstructured":"Spada F, Rossi RE, Modica R, Gelsomino F, Rinzivillo M, Rubino M et al (2025) Functioning neuroendocrine tumors (NET): Minimum requirements for a NET specialist. Cancer Treat Rev 135:102907","journal-title":"Cancer Treat Rev"},{"key":"320_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679000","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.679000","volume":"12","author":"Y Hu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hu Y, Ye Z, Wang F, Qin Y, Xu X, Yu X et al (2021) Role of Somatostatin Receptor in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Development, Diagnosis, and Therapy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 12:679000","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"9","key":"320_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1159\/000538285","volume":"114","author":"J Xu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xu J, Xu X, Zhang M, Liu W, Chen J, Song S (2024) Heterogeneity of Multiple Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors Identified by 68Ga-DOTANOC and 68Ga-Exendin-4 PET\/CT in a Patient with Endogenous Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia and Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia 1. Neuroendocrinology 114(9):866\u2013871","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"}],"container-title":["EJNMMI Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s41824-026-00320-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s41824-026-00320-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s41824-026-00320-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T08:03:13Z","timestamp":1791273793000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s41824-026-00320-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["320"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41824-026-00320-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["3005-074X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"3005-074X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 May 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 October 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Ethical approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"<b>Declarations<\/b>"}},{"value":"This is authors original and own work, which has not been submitted elsewhere for publication.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Submission declaration","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"<b>Declarations<\/b>"}},{"value":"The authors affirm that participant provided informed consent for publication of images in the Figures in manuscript with concealed identification.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Participant consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"<b>Declarations<\/b>"}},{"value":"There is no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"<b>Declarations<\/b>"}}],"article-number":"53"}}