{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T23:14:38Z","timestamp":1740179678435,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]],"date-time":"2020-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604966400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]],"date-time":"2020-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604966400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012041","name":"Versus Arthritis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GS\/21228"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GS\/21228"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012041","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Rheumatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the skin affecting 2\u20133% of UK population. 30% of people affected by psoriasis will develop a distinct form of arthritis within 10\u2009years of the skin condition onset. Although the pathogenesis of psoriatic arthritis is still unknown, there is a genetic predisposition triggered by environmental factors. Limited but convincing evidence link the gut microbiome to psoriatic arthritis. The Microbiome in Psoriatic ARThritis (Mi-PART) study propose is to characterise the microbiome-metabolic interface in patients affected by psoriatic arthritis to deepen our understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This is a multicentre, prospective, observational study. Psoriatic arthritis (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200965) and ankylosing spondylitis (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200930) patients will be recruited in addition to a control group of healthy volunteers (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200930). Patients eligibility will be evaluated against the Criteria for Psoriatic Arthritis (CASPAR), the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Activity Index (BASDAI) and the healthy volunteers who fulfil study inclusion and exclusion criteria.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p>Information regarding their medical and medication history, demographics, diet and lifestyle will be collected. All the participants in the study will be asked to complete a 7-day food diary, to provide stool samples and to complete quality of life questionnaires. Routine clinical laboratory tests will be performed on blood and urine samples. Patients and healthy volunteers with gastrointestinal symptoms, previous history of cancer, gastrointestinal surgery in the previous 6\u2009months or alcohol abuse will be excluded from the study.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The aim of this trial is to characterise the microbiome of psoriatic arthritis patients and to compare it with microbiome of healthy volunteers and of patient with ankylosing spondylitis in order to define if different rheumatologic conditions are associated with characteristic microbiome profiles. Investigating the role of the microbiome in the development of psoriatic arthritis could deepen our understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease and potentially open the way to new therapies.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s41927-020-00155-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]],"date-time":"2020-11-10T00:09:00Z","timestamp":1604966940000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Longitudinal profiling of the gut microbiome in patients with psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis: a multicentre, prospective, observational study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7725-965X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jesus","family":"Miguens Blanco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Borghese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neil","family":"McHugh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Kelleher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raj","family":"Sengupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julian R.","family":"Marchesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sonya","family":"Abraham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"155_CR1","first-page":"568","volume":"52","author":"A Ogdie","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ogdie A, Langan S, Love T, Haynes K, Shin D, Seminara N, et al. Prevalence and treatment patterns of psoriatic arthritis in the UK. Rheumatol (United Kingdom). 2013;52(3):568\u201375.","journal-title":"Rheumatol (United Kingdom)."},{"issue":"5","key":"155_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1111\/ced.12805","volume":"41","author":"JF Merola","year":"2016","unstructured":"Merola JF, Li T, Li W-Q, Cho E, Qureshi AA. Prevalence of psoriasis phenotypes among men and women in the USA. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2016;41(5):486\u20139 Available from: http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1111\/ced.12805. [cited 2020 May 18].","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Walters JRF, Marchesi JR. Chronic diarrhea, bile acids, and Clostridia. J Clin Invest. 2019;130","key":"#cr-split#-155_CR3.1","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI133117"},{"unstructured":"(1) Available from: https:\/\/www.jci.org\/articles\/view\/133117. [cited 2019 Dec 12].","key":"#cr-split#-155_CR3.2"},{"issue":"10136","key":"155_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2273","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30830-4","volume":"391","author":"DJ Veale","year":"2018","unstructured":"Veale DJ, Fearon U. The pathogenesis of psoriatic arthritis. Lancet. 2018;391(10136):2273\u201384. Available from. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30830-4.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"12","key":"155_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1460","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keg384","volume":"42","author":"D Kane","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kane D, Stafford L, Bresniham B, FitzGerard O. A prospective, clinical and radiological study of early psoriatic arthritis: an early synovitis clinic experience. Rheumatology. 2003;42(12):1460\u20138.","journal-title":"Rheumatology."},{"issue":"5","key":"155_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.089367","volume":"68","author":"V Chandran","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chandran V, Schentag CT, Brockbank JE, Pellett FJ, Shanmugarajah S, Toloza SMA, et al. Familial aggregation of psoriatic arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2009;68(5):664\u20137.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Furst DE, Belasco J, Louie JS. Genetic and inflammatory factors associated with psoriatic arthritis: Relevance to diagnosis and management. Clin Immunol. 2019; Available from: https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S152166161830679X?via%3Dihub. [cited 2019 Feb 18].","key":"155_CR7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2019.02.001"},{"issue":"2","key":"155_CR8","first-page":"221","volume":"55","author":"R Queiro","year":"2015","unstructured":"Queiro R, Morante I, Cabezas I, Acasuso B. HLA-B27 and psoriatic disease: a modern view of an old relationship. Rheumatol (United Kingdom). 2015;55(2):221\u20139.","journal-title":"Rheumatol (United Kingdom)"},{"issue":"4","key":"155_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2016-209853","volume":"76","author":"DR Jadon","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jadon DR, Sengupta R, Nightingale A, Lindsay M, Korendowych E, Robinson G, et al. Axial Disease in Psoriatic Arthritis study: defining the clinical and radiographic phenotype of psoriatic spondyloarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017;76(4):701\u20137 Available from: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/27913376. [cited 2020 May 13].","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"155_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-201299","volume":"71","author":"TJ Love","year":"2012","unstructured":"Love TJ, Zhu Y, Zhang Y, Wall-Burns L, Ogdie A, Gelfand JM, et al. Obesity and the risk of psoriatic arthritis: a population-based study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2012;71(8):1273 Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3645859\/. [cited 2020 May 20].","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"155_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2011-200416","volume":"71","author":"W Li","year":"2012","unstructured":"Li W, Han J, Qureshi AA. Smoking and risk of incident psoriatic arthritis in US women. Ann Rheum Dis. 2012;71(6):804\u20138 Available from: https:\/\/ard.bmj.com\/content\/71\/6\/804.long. [cited 2020 May 20].","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hsu C-Y, Kuo H-C, Su Y-J. Gut microbiota differences between psoriatic arthritis and undifferentiated arthritis patients. Res Sq. 2020. p. 1\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21203\/rs.3.rs-15400\/v1.","key":"155_CR12","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-15400\/v1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Myers B, Brownstone N, Reddy V, Chan S, Thibodeaux Q, Truong A, et al. Best Practice & Research Clinical Rheumatology the gut microbiome in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2020;(xxxx):101494. Available from. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.berh.2020.101494.","key":"155_CR13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2020.101494"},{"issue":"6086","key":"155_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1223490","volume":"336","author":"LV Hooper","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hooper LV, Littman DR, Macpherson AJ. Interactions between the microbiota and the immune system the gut microbiota interactions between the microbiota and the immune system. Science. 2012;336(6086):1268\u201373 Available from: http:\/\/www.sciencemag.org\/content\/336\/6086\/1268.full.html%5Cn. http:\/\/www.sciencemag.org\/content\/336\/6086\/1268.full.html#related%5Cn. http:\/\/www.sciencemag.org\/content\/336\/6086\/1268.full.html#ref-list-1%5Cn. http:\/\/www.sciencemag.org\/cgi\/collection\/immunology.","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"8","key":"155_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640619867555","volume":"7","author":"F Salem","year":"2019","unstructured":"Salem F, Kindt N, Marchesi JR, Netter P, Lopez A, Kokten T, et al. Gut microbiome in chronic rheumatic and inflammatory bowel diseases: Similarities and differences. United Eur Gastroenterol J. 2019;7(8):1008\u201332 Available from: http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/2050640619867555. [cited 2019 Oct 31].","journal-title":"United Eur Gastroenterol J"},{"issue":"4","key":"155_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00125","DOI":"10.1128\/mSystems.00125-19","volume":"4","author":"AD Naydich","year":"2019","unstructured":"Naydich AD, Nangle SN, Bues JJ, Trivedi D, Nissar N, Inniss MC, et al. Synthetic gene circuits enable systems-level biosensor trigger discovery at the host-microbe interface. mSystems. 2019;4(4):e00125\u201319 Available from: https:\/\/msystems.asm.org\/content\/4\/4\/e00125-19. [cited 2019 Jun 21].","journal-title":"mSystems"},{"issue":"10","key":"155_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaao1874","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aao1874","volume":"3","author":"KA Martinez","year":"2017","unstructured":"Martinez KA, Devlin JC, Lacher CR, Yin Y, Cai Y, Wang J, et al. Increased weight gain by C-section: Functional significance of the primordial microbiome. Sci Adv. 2017;3(10):eaao1874 Available from: https:\/\/advances.sciencemag.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.1126\/sciadv.aao1874. [cited 2020 May 20].","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"issue":"5","key":"155_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2019.03.006","volume":"18","author":"X Meng","year":"2019","unstructured":"Meng X, Zhou H-Y, Shen H-H, Lufumpa E, Li X-M, Guo B, et al. Microbe-metabolite-host axis, two-way action in the pathogenesis and treatment of human autoimmunity. Autoimmun Rev. 2019;18(5):455\u201375 Available from: https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S156899721930059X. [cited 2019 Jun 6].","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Manasson J, Scher JU. Spondyloarthritis and the microbiome: new insights from an ancient hypothesis. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2015;17:10. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11926-014-0487-7.","key":"155_CR19","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-014-0487-7"},{"issue":"6","key":"155_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2359","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.180.6.2359","volume":"180","author":"JD Taurog","year":"1994","unstructured":"Taurog JD, Richardson JA, Croft JT, Simmons WA, Zhou M, Fern\u00e1ndez-Sueiro JL, et al. The germfree state prevents development of gut and joint inflammatory disease in HLA-B27 transgenic rats. J Exp Med. 1994;180(6):2359\u201364 Available from: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/7964509. [cited 2019 Jul 2].","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"155_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38892","volume":"67","author":"JU Scher","year":"2015","unstructured":"Scher JU, Ubeda C, Artacho A, Attur M, Isaac S, Reddy SM, et al. Decreased bacterial diversity characterizes the altered gut microbiota in patients with psoriatic arthritis, resembling dysbiosis in inflammatory bowel disease. Arthritis Rheumatol (Hoboken, NJ). 2015;67(1):128\u201339 Available from: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25319745.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol (Hoboken, NJ)"},{"issue":"1","key":"155_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4877","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-12776-4","volume":"10","author":"JK Sonner","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sonner JK, Keil M, Falk-Paulsen M, Mishra N, Rehman A, Kramer M, et al. Dietary tryptophan links encephalogenicity of autoreactive T cells with gut microbial ecology. Nat Commun. 2019;10(1):4877 Available from: http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-019-12776-4. [cited 2019 Oct 30].","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"155_CR23","first-page":"1","volume":"10","author":"Department of Health","year":"2005","unstructured":"Department of Health. Research governance framework for health and social care. Health Soc Care Community. 2005;10(1):1\u201354.","journal-title":"Health Soc Care Community"},{"issue":"9","key":"155_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1002127","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002127","volume":"13","author":"S Golder","year":"2016","unstructured":"Golder S, Loke YK, Wright K, Norman G. Reporting of adverse events in published and unpublished studies of health care interventions: A systematic review. Ioannidis JP, editor. PLOS Med. 2016;13(9):e1002127 Available from: https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002127. [cited 2020 May 24].","journal-title":"PLOS Med"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lagging M, Brown A, Mantry PS, Ramji A, Weilert F, Vierling JM, et al. Grazoprevir plus peginterferon and ribavirin in treatment- naive patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection\u00a0: a randomized trial. J Viral Hepat. 2016;23:80\u20138.","key":"155_CR25","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.12464"},{"unstructured":"Eakin JM. Reframing the evaluation of qualitative health research: reflections on a review of appraisal guidelines in the health sciences. J Eval Clin Pract. 2002; Available from: https:\/\/pdfs.semanticscholar.org\/19b2\/4b20438b246d527fff51726885faca0200fe.pdf. [cited 2020 May 24].","key":"155_CR26"},{"issue":"1","key":"155_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-017-0296-0","volume":"5","author":"Buford TW","year":"2017","unstructured":"Buford TW. (Dis)Trust your gut: the gut microbiome in age-related inflammation, health, and disease. Microbiome. 2017;5(1):80 Available from: http:\/\/microbiomejournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40168-017-0296-0. [cited 2020 May 24].","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Audet MC. Stress-induced disturbances along the gut microbiota-immune-brain axis and implications for mental health: Does sex matter? Front Neuroendocrinol. 2019;54 Available from: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/31302116\/. [cited 2020 May 24].","key":"155_CR28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2019.100772"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Capurso G, Lahner E. The interaction between smoking, alcohol and the gut microbiome. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2017;31","key":"#cr-split#-155_CR29.1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2017.10.006"},{"unstructured":"(5) Available from: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29195678\/. [cited 2020 May 24].","key":"#cr-split#-155_CR29.2"},{"key":"155_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-017-1175-y","volume":"15","author":"RK Singh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Singh RK, Chang H-W, Yan D, Lee KM, Ucmak D, Wong K, et al. Influence of diet on the gut microbiome and implications for human health. J Transl Med. 2017;15:73 Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5385025\/pdf\/12967_2017_Article_1175.pdf. [cited 2019 Jul 23].","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"issue":"7484","key":"155_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12820","volume":"505","author":"LA David","year":"2014","unstructured":"David LA, Maurice CF, Carmody RN, Gootenberg DB, Button JE, Wolfe BE, et al. Diet rapidly and reproducibly alters the human gut microbiome. Nature. 2014;505(7484):559\u201363 Available from: http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature12820. [cited 2019 Jul 12].","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"7484","key":"155_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12820","volume":"505","author":"LA David","year":"2014","unstructured":"David LA, Maurice CF, Carmody RN, Gootenberg DB, Button JE, Wolfe BE, et al. Diet rapidly and reproducibly alters the human gut microbiome. Nature. 2014;505(7484):559\u201363 Available from: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/24336217. [cited 2019 Jul 12].","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"155_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2019.05.005","volume":"25","author":"AJ Johnson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Johnson AJ, Vangay P, Al-Ghalith GA, Menon R, Koecher K, Knights CD. Daily sampling reveals personalized diet-microbiome associations in humans. Cell Host Microbe. 2019;25:789\u2013802.e5 Available from: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chom.2019.05.005. [cited 2019 Jul 2].","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"La Rosa PS, Brooks JP, Deych E, Boone EL, Edwards DJ, et al. Hypothesis testing and power calculations for taxonomic-based human microbiome data. PLoS ONE. 2012;7(12):e52078. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0052078.","key":"155_CR34","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0052078"},{"unstructured":"EGA European Genome-Phenome Archive. Available from: https:\/\/ega-archive.org\/. [cited 2020 Jun 23].","key":"155_CR35"},{"unstructured":"Taxonomy - NCBI. Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/taxonomy. [cited 2020 Jun 23].","key":"155_CR36"},{"issue":"2","key":"155_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2020.01.007","volume":"46","author":"E Dumas","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dumas E, Venken K, Rosenbaum JT, Elewaut D. Intestinal microbiota, HLA-B27, and spondyloarthritis: dangerous liaisons. Rheum Dis Clin N Am. 2020;46(2):213\u201324.","journal-title":"Rheum Dis Clin N Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"155_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-016-1139-1","volume":"18","author":"C Wen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wen C, Zheng Z, Shao T, Liu L, Xie Z, Le Chatelier E, et al. Quantitative metagenomics reveals unique gut microbiome biomarkers in ankylosing spondylitis. Genome Biol. 2017;18(1):1\u201313.","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rosser EC, Piper CJM, Matei DE, Wedderburn LR, Eaton S, Mauri C, et al. Microbiota-derived metabolites suppress arthritis by amplifying aryl-hydrocarbon receptor activation in regulatory B cells article microbiota-derived metabolites suppress arthritis by amplifying aryl-hydrocarbon receptor activation in regulatory B cells. Cell Metab. 2020;31:1\u201315.","key":"155_CR39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2020.03.003"},{"issue":"6","key":"155_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.2217\/ijr.14.52","volume":"9","author":"H Eppinga","year":"2014","unstructured":"Eppinga H, Thio HB, Peppelenbosch MP, Konstantinov SR. The gut microbiome dysbiosis and its potential role in psoriatic arthritis. Int J Clin Rheumtol. 2014;9(6):559\u201365.","journal-title":"Int J Clin Rheumtol"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Manasson J, Blank RB, Scher JU. The microbiome in rheumatology\u00a0: Where are we and where should we go\u00a0? Ann Rheum Dis. 2020;79:1\u20137.","key":"155_CR41","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2019-216631"},{"issue":"1","key":"155_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.110845","volume":"39","author":"W Tillett","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tillett W, Costa L, Jadon D, Wallis D, Cavill C, McHugh J, et al. The ClASsification for Psoriatic ARthritis (CASPAR) criteria--a retrospective feasibility, sensitivity, and specificity study. J Rheumatol. 2012;39(1):154\u20136 Available from: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/16463433. [cited 2019 Mar 20].","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mohamad Ali Rida VC. Challenges in the clinical diagnosis of psoriatic arthritis. Clin Immunol. 2020;111554. Available from. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molliq.2019.111554.","key":"155_CR43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molliq.2019.111554"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Claesson MJ, Cusack S, O'Sullivan O, Greene-Diniz R, de Weerd H, Flannery E, et al. Composition, variability, and temporal stability of the intestinal microbiota of the elderly. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011;108(Suppl 1) Available from: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/20571116\/. [cited 2020 May 24].","key":"155_CR44","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1000097107"},{"issue":"7695","key":"155_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1038\/nature25973","volume":"555","author":"D Rothschild","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rothschild D, Weissbrod O, Barkan E, Kurilshikov A, Korem T, Zeevi D, et al. Environment dominates over host genetics in shaping human gut microbiota. Nature. 2018;555(7695):210\u20135 Available from: http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature25973. [cited 2020 May 24].","journal-title":"Nature"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Johnson AJ, Vangay P, Al-Ghalith GA, Hillmann BM, Ward TL, Shields-Cutler RR, et al. Daily Sampling Reveals Personalized Diet-Microbiome Associations in Humans. Cell Host Microbe. 2019;25","key":"#cr-split#-155_CR46.1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2019.05.005"},{"unstructured":"(6) Available from: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/31194939\/. [cited 2020 May 24].","key":"#cr-split#-155_CR46.2"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Onyszkiewicz M, Jaworska K, Ufnal M. Short chain fatty acids and methylamines produced by gut microbiota as mediators and markers in the circulatory system. Exp Biol Med. 2020;153537021990089 Available from: http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1535370219900898. [cited 2020 Jan 22].","key":"155_CR47","DOI":"10.1177\/1535370219900898"},{"issue":"00","key":"155_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2020.1747336","volume":"00","author":"AM Tsou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tsou AM, Olesen SW, Alm EJ, Snapper SB, Tsou AM, Olesen SW, et al. 16S rRNA sequencing analysis\u00a0: the devil is in the details 16S rRNA sequencing analysis\u00a0: the devil is in the details. Gut Microbes. 2020;00(00):1\u20134. Available from. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/19490976.2020.1747336.","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"issue":"7604","key":"155_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1038\/nature17645","volume":"533","author":"HP Browne","year":"2016","unstructured":"Browne HP, Forster SC, Anonye BO, Kumar N, Neville BA, Stares MD, et al. Culturing of \u2018unculturable\u2019 human microbiota reveals novel taxa and extensive sporulation. Nature. 2016;533(7604):543\u20136 Available from: http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nature17645. [cited 2020 May 24].","journal-title":"Nature"},{"unstructured":"Donlin LT, Park S-H, Giannopoulou E, Ivovic A, Park-Min K-H, Siegel RM, et al. Insights into rheumatic diseases from next-generation sequencing. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2019;1 Available from: http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41584-019-0217-7. [cited 2019 Apr 29].","key":"155_CR50"},{"unstructured":"Moss EL, Maghini DG, Bhatt AS. Complete, closed bacterial genomes from microbiomes using nanopore sequencing. Nat Biotechnol. 2020:1\u20137 Available from: http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41587-020-0422-6. [cited 2020 Feb 21].","key":"155_CR51"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Knight R, Navas J, Quinn RA, Sanders JG, Zhu Q. Best practices for analysing microbiomes. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2018; Available from. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41579-018-0029-9.","key":"155_CR52","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-018-0029-9"}],"container-title":["BMC Rheumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s41927-020-00155-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s41927-020-00155-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s41927-020-00155-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]],"date-time":"2020-11-10T01:12:44Z","timestamp":1604970764000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcrheumatol.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s41927-020-00155-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["155"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41927-020-00155-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["2520-1026"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2520-1026"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 June 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 August 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 November 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This trial was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of East Midlands \u2013 Leicester Central Research (REC reference number: 17\/EM\/0175). The ethics approval covers all centres where the study takes place.Written consent must be obtained, utilising the appropriate consent, prior to any study specific procedures being performed, including any study specific screening procedures prior to enrolment (unless already taken as part of routine care e.g. routine bloods). At the time of consent, participants must be informed that they have the right to withdraw their participation in the trial, and also their samples, at any stage and that doing so will not prejudice their future clinical management and care.The original consent forms will be filed in the Site Investigator File; a copy of the consent forms will be given to the participant, and one filed in the hospital notes. The written consent will be taken by either by the PI or by a clinician to whom that the PI has delegated responsibility. The process of obtaining written consent will be clearly documented in the participant\u2019s medical notes.All participants are free to withdraw at any time from the protocol treatment without giving reasons and without prejudicing further treatment.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Anonymised study results will be presented at relevant conferences and symposiums as a means of early communication. Full reports and papers will then be prepared for publication in high impact medical journals. The reports and papers that are published about the research will not identify patients who participated in this study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"60"}}