{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T11:30:53Z","timestamp":1775129453087,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,5]],"date-time":"2022-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664928000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,5]],"date-time":"2022-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664928000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Egypt J Neurol Psychiatry Neurosurg"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The spectrum of reported neurological sequelae associated with SARS-CoV-2 is continuously expanding, immune mediated neuropathies like Guillain\u2013Barre syndrome (GBS) and exacerbations of preexisting chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) being among them. However, respective cases of acute onset CIDP (A-CIDP) are rare.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We hereby report two cases of A-CIDP after COVID-19 infection and Ad26.COV2.S vaccination that presented with flaccid paraparesis and acroparesthesias (Case presentation 1; female, 52) and facial diplegia accompanied by acroparesthesias (Case presentation 2; male, 62), respectively. In both instances clinical, neurophysiological and CSF findings were indicative of acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, thus both patients were initially treated with intravenous immunoglobulins resulting in clinical improvement. Nevertheless, the first patient relapsed 5\u00a0weeks after the initial episode, thus was diagnosed with GBS with treatment related fluctuations (GBS-TRF) and treated successfully with seven plasma exchange (PLEX) sessions. However, 11\u00a0weeks from symptom onset she relapsed again. Taking into account that the second relapse occurred more than 8\u00a0weeks after the first episode, the potential diagnosis of A-CIDP was reached and oral dexamethasone 40\u00a0mg\/d for 4 consecutive days every 4\u00a0weeks was administered. With regards to the second patient, he relapsed\u2009&gt;\u20098\u00a0weeks after the initial episode, thus was also diagnosed with A-CIDP and treated with 7 PLEX sessions followed by similar to the aforementioned corticosteroid therapy. On 2\u00a0month follow-up both patients exhibited remarkable clinical improvement.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Close surveillance of patients presenting with immune neuropathies in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection or immunization is crucial for timely implementation of appropriate treatment. Prompt A-CIDP distinction from GBS-TRF is of paramount importance as treatment approach and prognosis between these two entities differ.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s41983-022-00515-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,5]],"date-time":"2022-10-05T06:03:03Z","timestamp":1664949783000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Acute-onset chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy complicating SARS-CoV-2 infection and Ad26.COV2.S vaccination: report of two cases"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Aggeliki","family":"Fotiadou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1601-8788","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Tsiptsios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stella","family":"Karatzetzou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Kitmeridou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ioannis","family":"Iliopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"515_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000167549.09664.b8","volume":"65","author":"L Ruts","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ruts L, van Koningsveld R, van Doorn PA. Distinguishing acute-onset CIDP from Guillain-Barre syndrome with treatment related fluctuations. Neurology. 2005;65(1):138\u201340.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"10","key":"515_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2021-245816","volume":"14","author":"V Suri","year":"2021","unstructured":"Suri V, Pandey S, Singh J, Jena A. Acute-onset chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy after COVID-19 infection and subsequent ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination. BMJ Case Rep. 2021;14(10): e245816.","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"515_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.289000","volume":"68","author":"R Garg","year":"2020","unstructured":"Garg R. Spectrum of neurological manifestations in covid-19: a review. Neurol India. 2020;68(3):560.","journal-title":"Neurol India"},{"issue":"4","key":"515_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-020-10124-x","volume":"268","author":"S Abu-Rumeileh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Abu-Rumeileh S, Abdelhak A, Foschi M, Tumani H, Otto M. Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome spectrum associated with COVID-19: an up-to-date systematic review of 73 cases. J Neurol. 2021;268(4):1133\u201370.","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"9","key":"515_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3129","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-021-10417-9","volume":"268","author":"E Van Looy","year":"2021","unstructured":"Van Looy E, Veenker L, Steyaert A, Leenders J, Malfroid G, De Cauwer H. COVID-19-induced exacerbation of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. J Neurol. 2021;268(9):3129\u201331.","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"12","key":"515_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines9121502","volume":"9","author":"CF Bagella","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bagella CF, Corda DG, Zara P, Elia AE, Ruiu E, Sechi E, et al. Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination. Vaccines. 2021;9(12):1502.","journal-title":"Vaccines"},{"key":"515_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2022.120231","volume":"436","author":"A de Souza","year":"2022","unstructured":"de Souza A, Oo WM, Giri P. Inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy after the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine may follow a chronic course. J Neurol Sci. 2022;436: 120231.","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"515_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lpm.2013.02.328","volume":"42","author":"PA van Doorn","year":"2013","unstructured":"van Doorn PA. Diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome (GBS). La Presse M\u00e9dicale. 2013;42(6):e193-201.","journal-title":"La Presse M\u00e9dicale"},{"issue":"11","key":"515_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4747","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-021-05467-w","volume":"42","author":"NA Nasuelli","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nasuelli NA, De Marchi F, Cecchin M, De Paoli I, Onorato S, Pettinaroli R, et al. A case of acute demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy with bilateral facial palsy after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine. Neurol Sci. 2021;42(11):4747\u20139.","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"515_CR10","volume":"11","author":"ML Saeed","year":"2019","unstructured":"Saeed ML, Kaleem Baloch B, Mahmud SN, Khan MT, Qureshi MSS, Shad ZS, et al. Role of anti-ganglioside antibodies in the diagnosis of Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome as an alternate investigation. Cureus. 2019;11(5): e4625.","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"Pt 8","key":"515_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2155","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awu158","volume":"137","author":"JY Sung","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sung JY, Tani J, Park SB, Kiernan MC, Lin CS. Early identification of \u201cacute-onset\u201d chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. Brain. 2014;137(Pt 8):2155\u201363.","journal-title":"Brain"}],"container-title":["The Egyptian Journal of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s41983-022-00515-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s41983-022-00515-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s41983-022-00515-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,5]],"date-time":"2022-10-05T06:08:33Z","timestamp":1664950113000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ejnpn.springeropen.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s41983-022-00515-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,5]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["515"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41983-022-00515-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-8329"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1687-8329","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 March 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 June 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 October 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Ethics committee approval was not considered necessary because these were case reports. Informed consent was obtained from both patients.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from the patients for publication of these case reports along with the accompanying image.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"116"}}