{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T23:45:14Z","timestamp":1782603914731,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,4]],"date-time":"2021-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614816000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,4]],"date-time":"2021-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614816000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CVIR Endovasc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Surgical endarterectomy for common femoral artery (CFA) disease is still considered the gold standard for treatment. Development of various techniques and devices has improved the clinical results of endovascular therapy (EVT) for CFA. However, severe conditions remain, especially for occlusive lesions owing to calcified plaque. We developed a useful technique for passing a lesion by directly penetrating the calcified plaque of the CFA using a bare metal needle and then passing through a balloon or dilating it. We named this technique \u201cdirect bare metal needle puncture and balloon angioplasty in calcified plaques of the common femoral artery guided by angiography\u201d or \u201cBAMBOO SPEAR.\u201d<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main text<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This report describes our technique for crossing a lesion by directly penetrating the calcified plaque of the CFA using a needle. We report a case of a 73-year-old male with hemodialysis who presented with cyanosis and ischemic rest pain of both lower limbs. Control angiography showed total occlusion of the left CFA with a calcified plaque. We advanced a 21-G metal needle that was slightly curved into the blood vessel from where the lumen of the distal CFA was located. The needle was advanced into the center of the calcified plaque, while observing from multiple directions with a fluoroscopic guide. We succeeded in advancing the needle into the lumen of the distal external iliac artery. After guidewire crossing, intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) showed that guidewire was able to completely pass through the center of the calcified plaque. We could dilate the lesion by scoring balloon and drug-coated balloon. The final angiography showed sufficient results. We named this technique \u201cdirect BAre Metal needle puncture and BallOOn angioplaSty in calcified PlaquEs of the common femoral ARtery guided by angiography\u201d (BAMBOO SPEAR).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The BAMBOO SPEAR technique may be considered a useful option in EVT for occlusive CFA with calcified plaques.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s42155-021-00217-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,4]],"date-time":"2021-03-04T01:02:35Z","timestamp":1614819755000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Direct bare metal needle puncture and balloon angioplasty in calcified plaques of the common femoral artery guided by angiography (\u201cBAMBOO SPEAR\u201d)"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4168-2808","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naoki","family":"Hayakawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Kodera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masataka","family":"Arakawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Hirano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandeep","family":"Shakya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junji","family":"Kanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"217_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2017.03.046","volume":"10","author":"Y Gou\u00ebffic","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gou\u00ebffic Y, Della Schiava N, Thaveau F et al (2017) Stenting or surgery for de novo common femoral artery stenosis. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 10:1344\u20131354","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Interv"},{"key":"217_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2014.01.016","volume":"25","author":"S Ichihashi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ichihashi S, Sato T, Iwakoshi S et al (2014) Technique of percutaneous direct needle puncture of calcified plaque in the superficial femoral artery or tibial artery to facilitate balloon catheter passage and balloon dilation of calcified lesions. J Vasc Interv Radiol 25:784\u2013788","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"217_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2018.05.225","volume":"69","author":"TT Kuo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kuo TT, Chen PL, Huang CY et al (2019) Outcome of drug-eluting balloon angioplasty versus endarterectomy in common femoral artery occlusive disease. J Vasc Surg 69:141\u2013147","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"217_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Nakama T, Muraishi M, Obunai K et al (2020) Efficacy of the novel inner PIERCE technique for severely calcified below-the knee occlusions in a patient with chronic limb-threatening ischemia. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ccd.29255","DOI":"10.1002\/ccd.29255"},{"key":"217_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2015.01.024","volume":"61","author":"BN Nguyen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nguyen BN, Amdur RL, Abugideri M et al (2015) Postoperative complications after common femoral endarterectomy. J Vasc Surg 61:1489\u20131494","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"217_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2015.05.005","volume":"29","author":"T Nishibe","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nishibe T, Maruno K, Iwahori A et al (2015) The role of common femoral artery endarterectomy in the endovascular era. Ann Vasc Surg 29:1501\u20131507","journal-title":"Ann Vasc Surg"},{"key":"217_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2006.09.024","volume":"45","author":"L Norgen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Norgen L, Hiatt WR, Dormandy JA et al (2007) Inter-society consensus for the management of peripheral arterial disease (TASC II). J Vasc Surg 45:55\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejvs.2006.09.024","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"217_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1177\/1526602817748319","volume":"25","author":"J Stavroulakis","year":"2018","unstructured":"Stavroulakis J, Schwindt A, Torsello G et al (2018) Directional atherectomy with antirestenotic therapy vs drug-coated balloon angioplasty alone for common femoral artery atherosclerotic disease. J Endovasc Ther 25:92\u201399","journal-title":"J Endovasc Ther"}],"container-title":["CVIR Endovascular"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s42155-021-00217-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s42155-021-00217-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s42155-021-00217-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,4]],"date-time":"2021-03-04T01:02:54Z","timestamp":1614819774000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/CVIRendovasc.springeropen.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s42155-021-00217-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,4]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["217"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s42155-021-00217-7","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-173348\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2520-8934"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2520-8934","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 January 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 February 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 March 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All procedures were performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from the patient described in the case report.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this article.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"27"}}