{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T09:19:06Z","timestamp":1775812746724,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]],"date-time":"2021-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623024000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]],"date-time":"2021-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623024000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CVIR Endovasc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Management of thoracic vascular injury predominantly focuses on the aorta and its tributaries while reports of venous injury are less frequent. Although rare, traumatic azygous vein injuries are associated with high mortality. Prompt treatment is required and has traditionally been open surgery. We present a case of an endovascular repair of an azygous vein injury.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Case presentation<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A female patient presented to our trauma center following ejection after a motor vehicle collision (MVC). CT imaging workup revealed mediastinal and periaortic hematoma with active contrast extravasation adjacent to the azygos vein. She was referred to interventional radiology for vascular evaluation and potential endovascular intervention. The patient met criteria for class III hypovolemic shock upon arrival in the endovascular suite. Aortography demonstrated no arterial injury. Venography revealed a pseudoaneurysm on the superior aspect of the azygos arch and contrast extravasation from the inferior margin of the azygous arch. A stent-graft was deployed and post-deployment venogram showed no extravasation and successful exclusion of the injuries. The patient did not have further signs of bleeding. She left the interventional suite with improved vital signs, yet her condition remained guarded. Follow-up CT chest confirmed continued patency of the stent-graft at 8 days and 2 years post-procedure.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Historically, azygos vein injuries are a rare occurrence and managed with open surgery. Swift management is necessary to prevent the increased morbidity and mortality associated with azygous vein injury, particularly in polytrauma patients such as the one presented here. We believe endovascular stent-graft treatment offers an innovative alternative to the\u00a0current standard of operative management of azygos vein injury.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s42155-021-00235-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]],"date-time":"2021-06-07T10:05:24Z","timestamp":1623060324000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Endovascular treatment of traumatic azygous vein injuries: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2289-620X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristine","family":"DeMaio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shivam","family":"Kaushik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Venu","family":"Vadlamudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"235_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.5507\/bp.2007.059","volume":"151","author":"P Drac","year":"2007","unstructured":"Drac P, Manak P, Klein J, Kral V (2007) Azygos vein injury in blunt chest trauma. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 151(2):347\u2013348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5507\/bp.2007.059","journal-title":"Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub"},{"issue":"3","key":"235_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/s10140-016-1386-1","volume":"23","author":"AA Haq","year":"2016","unstructured":"Haq AA, Restrepo CS, Lamus D, Ocazionez-Trujillo D, Vargas D (2016) Thoracic venous injuries: an imaging and management overview. Emerg Radiol 23(3):291\u2013301. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10140-016-1386-1","journal-title":"Emerg Radiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"235_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.315105221","volume":"31","author":"BP Holly","year":"2011","unstructured":"Holly BP, Steenburg SD (2011) Multidetector CT of blunt traumatic venous injuries in the chest, abdomen, and pelvis. RadioGraphics 31(5):1415\u20131424. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/rg.315105221","journal-title":"RadioGraphics"},{"key":"235_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lyons W, Harfouche M, Lopez J. Conservative management of a traumatic common iliac venous pseudoaneurysm: a case report. J Surg Case Rep 2017;2017(5). Doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jscr\/rjx085","DOI":"10.1093\/jscr\/rjx085"},{"key":"235_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"McDermott C, O\u2019Connor G, McGovern E, McMahon G (2012) Conservative management of azygous vein rupture in blunt thoracic trauma. Case Rep Crit Care. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2012\/147614","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/147614"},{"issue":"2","key":"235_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ta.0000229959.54552.be","volume":"61","author":"L Nguyen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nguyen L, Gates J (2006) Simultaneous Azygous vein and aortic injury from blunt trauma: case report and review of the literature. J Trauma 61(2):444\u2013446. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.ta.0000229959.54552.be","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"6","key":"235_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-016-3411-7","volume":"40","author":"A Papadomanolakis","year":"2016","unstructured":"Papadomanolakis A, Theodoridou E, Vogiatzis N, Pentheroudaki A, Daskalaki D, Lolis ED (2016) Injury to azygos venous system: a co-existing injury in high-impact lethal trauma. World J Surg 40(6):1355\u20131361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00268-016-3411-7","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"235_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ta.0000202552.26628.84","volume":"60","author":"M Wall","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wall M, Mattox K, DeBakey M (2006) Injuries to the Azygous venous system. J Trauma 60(2):357\u2013362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.ta.0000202552.26628.84","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"issue":"1","key":"235_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/0736-4679(92)90008-H","volume":"10","author":"A Walsh","year":"1992","unstructured":"Walsh A, Snyder HS (1992) Azygos vein laceration following a vertical deceleration injury. J Emerg Med 10(1):35\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0736-4679(92)90008-H","journal-title":"J Emerg Med"}],"container-title":["CVIR Endovascular"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s42155-021-00235-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s42155-021-00235-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s42155-021-00235-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]],"date-time":"2021-06-07T10:05:25Z","timestamp":1623060325000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/CVIRendovasc.springeropen.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s42155-021-00235-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["235"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s42155-021-00235-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["2520-8934"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2520-8934","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 March 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 May 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 June 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any studies with human participants performed by any of the authors and is exempt from Institutional Review Board IRB review and approval.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report and any accompanying images.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"48"}}