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Subsequent postoperative delirium is a predictor for long-term cognitive decline and increased rick of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease, and perioperative strategies to reduce inflammatory responses, may be a potential avenue to mitigate postoperative complications. In this issue of Bioelectronic Medicine, Song et al. utilize percutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (pVNS) as a potential novel avenue for the attenuation of neuroinflammation and postoperative cognitive decline, which we have discussed in this commentary.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s42234-026-00200-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T00:03:41Z","timestamp":1771545821000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exploring vagus nerve stimulation in postoperative delirium and dementia"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Rachel M.","family":"Spicer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peder S.","family":"Olofsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiona E.","family":"Harrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"200_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2018.10.021","volume":"37","author":"A Alam","year":"2018","unstructured":"Alam A, et al. 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