{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T09:04:53Z","timestamp":1789722293941,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788825600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Lab Anim Res"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Natural disasters, infrastructure failures, and infectious disease outbreaks can disrupt the operations of laboratory animal facilities and threaten both research continuity and animal welfare. Previous events, including Tropical Storm Allison and the Great East Japan Earthquake, demonstrated the vulnerability of laboratory animal populations during emergencies and highlighted the need to incorporate animal welfare considerations into emergency preparedness planning. The aim of this study was to identify key elements of emergency preparedness programs for laboratory animal facilities and to propose a framework to support the development of practical Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) in which animal welfare considerations are integrated into facility operations and decision-making processes during emergencies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Regulatory frameworks and guidance documents from the United States, Europe, Canada, and Korea were reviewed and compared to identify approaches applicable to laboratory animal facility management. The analysis included definitions of emergencies, core program components, veterinary oversight systems, and decision-making structures across these four regulatory contexts. Despite differences in regulatory approaches and institutional contexts, common elements were identified and organized into three functional domains: continuity of facility operations, protection of animal welfare, and institutional response capacity. Based on these findings, we propose an integrated emergency preparedness framework and a stepwise operational checklist intended to facilitate the integration of welfare priorities into emergency planning and response.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Emergency preparedness should not be regarded solely as an operational requirement. In laboratory animal facilities, it should be understood as an extension of the animal welfare program that, while prioritizing personnel safety and institutional resilience, also seeks to minimize animal suffering and preserve the value of ongoing research when normal operating conditions cannot be maintained.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s42826-026-00295-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T07:15:58Z","timestamp":1788851758000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Reframing emergency preparedness from facility survival to laboratory animal welfare"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Seung Yeon","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji Min","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4315-0688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seung Hyeok","family":"Seok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"295_CR1","first-page":"623","volume":"49","author":"GS Roble","year":"2010","unstructured":"Roble GS, Lingenhol NM, Baker B, Wilkerson A, Tolwani RJ. A comprehensive laboratory animal facility pandemic response plan. J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci. 2010;49(5):623\u201332.","journal-title":"J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci"},{"key":"295_CR2","unstructured":"Shekhar C. Hundreds of OSU research animals die. The Scientist. 2006.07.19. Available from: https:\/\/www.the-scientist.com\/hundreds-of-osu-research-animals-die-47379. Accessed 28 Jul, 2026."},{"key":"295_CR3","unstructured":"PETA NYU fails to protect 10, 000 animals from Sandy people for the ethical treatment of animals(PETA): people for the ethical treatment of animals; updated 2024.08.24. Available from: https:\/\/www.peta.org\/news\/nyu-fails-protect-10-000-animals-sandy. Accessed 28 Jul, 2026."},{"issue":"3","key":"295_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.30802\/AALAS-JAALAS-20-000104","volume":"60","author":"H Lerat","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lerat H, Delis P, Bussell J, Gonin P. Pandemic preparedness in animal facilities. J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci. 2021;60(3):244\u201348.","journal-title":"J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"295_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1093\/ilar\/ilac009","volume":"62","author":"J Ascher","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ascher J, Cohen J, Huerkamp MJ, Kurtz DM, Newsome JT, Skinner B. Rapid response by laboratory animal research institutions during the COVID-19 pandemic: key lessons learned from a 2021 National academies of sciences, engineering, and medicine workshop. Ilar J. 2021;62(3):332\u201336.","journal-title":"Ilar J"},{"key":"295_CR6","volume-title":"Strengthening the disaster resilience of the academic biomedical research community: protecting the nation\u2019s investment","author":"E Carlin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Carlin E, Brown L, Benjamin GC. Strengthening the disaster resilience of the academic biomedical research community: protecting the nation\u2019s investment. 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Preservation of animal welfare during unforeseen events. In: Laboratory animal welfare. 1st ed. Elsevier; 2014. p. 141\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-12-385103-1.00010-5.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385103-1.00010-5"},{"key":"295_CR11","unstructured":"United States department of agriculture: code of federal regulations, title 9-animals and animal products, part 2, \u00a72.38(l)\u2014contingency planning. 2026. https:\/\/www.ecfr.gov\/current\/title-9\/chapter-I\/subchapter-A\/part-2\/section-2.38. Accessed 30 Aug 2025."},{"key":"295_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mortell N, Nicholls S. Practical considerations for disaster preparedness and continuity management in research facilities. Lab Anim (NY). 2013;42(10):F18\u201324.","DOI":"10.1038\/laban.391"},{"issue":"1","key":"295_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1538\/expanim.61.1","volume":"61","author":"T Ikeda","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ikeda T. Crisis management and recovery from the damage to the laboratory animal production facility due to the great East Japan earthquake. Exp Anim. 2012;61(1):1\u201311.","journal-title":"Exp Anim"},{"key":"295_CR14","unstructured":"European Union. Directive 2010\/63\/EU of the European Parliament and of the council of 22 September 2010 on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes, as amended by commission delegated directive (EU) 2024\/1262. 2019. https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/eli\/dir\/2010\/63\/oj. Accessed 30 Dec 2025."},{"key":"295_CR15","unstructured":"Canadian Council on Animal Care. Crisis management program. Canadian council on animal Care. 2016. https:\/\/ccac.ca\/Documents\/Assessment\/Crisis-Management-Program.pdf. Accessed 5 Jan 2026."},{"issue":"2","key":"295_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-500X.72351","volume":"1","author":"C Kilkenny","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kilkenny C, Browne WJ, Cuthill IC, Emerson M, Altman DG. 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