{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,11]],"date-time":"2025-04-11T08:15:04Z","timestamp":1744359304952,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,21]],"date-time":"2024-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708473600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,21]],"date-time":"2024-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708473600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Egypt Heart J"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Right atrial pressure plays a critical role as a hemodynamic parameter in diagnosing pulmonary hypertension and other cardiac diseases, as well as guiding the treatment and prognosis of various cardiac disorders. If there is no obstruction between the inferior or superior vena cava (SVC) as central veins and the right atrium, the pressures in these veins could be considered equal to the right atrial pressure. This study aimed to examine the correlation between echocardiographic methods for estimating right atrial pressure and invasive measurements of central venous pressure (CVP<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>) in infants and children with congenital heart disease during the 48 h after cardiac surgery and to establish regression equations for echocardiographic estimation of central venous pressure (CVP<jats:sub>e<\/jats:sub>).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We prospectively enrolled 43 infants and children, ranging in age from 6 months to 16\u00a0years, including 20 males and 23 females. We found a significant correlation between CVP<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> and the ratio of the maximal diameter of IVC to the maximal diameter of the descending aorta ratio (IVC<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\/DAO<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>) (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.529,\u00a0<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), SVC<jats:sub>S\/D<\/jats:sub> velocity ratio (SVC<jats:sub>S\/D<\/jats:sub>) (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.462, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.006), right atrial vertical diameter (RA<jats:sub>VD<\/jats:sub>) (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.409, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01), area (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.384, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.014), and tricuspid valve A wave acceleration rate (TV<jats:sub>AAR<\/jats:sub>) (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.315, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.048). Multiple regression analysis yielded an equation for estimating central venous pressure using four parameters related to the IVC, SVC, tricuspid valve, and right atrium. The equation is as follows: estimated CVP\u2009=\u20094.36\u2009+\u2009(2.35\u2009\u00d7\u2009IVC<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\/DAO<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>)\u2009+\u2009(1.06\u2009\u00d7\u2009SVC<jats:sub>S\/D<\/jats:sub>)\u2009+\u2009 (0.059 \u00d7 RA<jats:sub>VD<\/jats:sub>) + (0.001\u2009\u00d7\u2009TV<jats:sub>AAR<\/jats:sub>). This equation is strongly correlated with CVP<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> (Pearson <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.698, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The estimation of central venous pressure through a multi-parametric equation that included the ratio of the maximal diameter of the inferior vena cava to the maximal diameter of the descending aorta, the ratio of <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic> to <jats:italic>D<\/jats:italic> velocity of the superior vena cava, the vertical diameter of the right atrium, and the acceleration rate of the A wave of the tricuspid valve demonstrated a robust correlation with invasively measured central venous pressure. To assess the accuracy of predicted pressures by this equation, further investigations are required to apply this innovative multi-parametric formula to a prospective population of pediatric patients with congenital heart disease.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s43044-024-00456-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,21]],"date-time":"2024-02-21T15:02:53Z","timestamp":1708527773000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Correlation between echocardiographic estimation of right atrial pressure and invasive measurement of central venous pressure in postoperative pediatric patients with congenital heart disease: a prospective observational study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"76","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7824-6973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elaheh","family":"Malakan Rad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nazli","family":"Parizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hassan","family":"Radmehr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toktam","family":"Sheykhian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Behdad","family":"Gharib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aliakbar","family":"Zeinaloo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8, Supplement","key":"456_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1970","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(23)02414-2","volume":"81","author":"M Lawlor","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lawlor M, Ng VG, Ahmed S, Dershowitz L, Brener M, Kampaktsis P, Pitts A, Vahl TP, Nazif T, Leon MB et al (2023) Right atrial pressure in pulmonary hypertension assessment in tricuspid regurgitation. 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The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical guidelines outlined in the 2013 Declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Informed written consent to participate in the study was obtained from the parents or legal guardians of patients under 16\u00a0years old and from patients who were 16\u00a0years old or older.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"None of the authors have any conflict of interest to declare.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"25"}}