{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T22:27:42Z","timestamp":1783117662856,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]],"date-time":"2024-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714348800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]],"date-time":"2024-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714348800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Egypt Heart J"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Heart failure (HF) prevalence increases with age, and sarcopenia is a poor prognostic factor in patients with HF. We aimed to evaluate the characteristics and prognostic factors in patients with HF and sarcopenia.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We retrospectively reviewed 256 consecutive patients admitted to our hospital for HF between May 2018 and May 2021, underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and were diagnosed with sarcopenia. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality. The prognoses and characteristics were evaluated and compared between patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)\u2009&lt;\u200950% (reduced LVEF, HF with reduced ejection fraction [HFrEF]) and those with LVEF\u2009\u2265\u200950% (preserved LVEF, HF with preserved ejection fraction [HFpEF]).  83 (32%) and 173 (68%) patients had HFrEF and HFpEF, respectively. The HFrEF group had fewer women, lower hypertension rates, higher ischemic heart disease rates, and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels than did the HFpEF group. Kaplan\u2013Meier analysis for all-cause death showed that the HFrEF group had a significantly worse prognosis than the HFpEF group [log-rank <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002].<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In patients with HF and sarcopenia, older age, higher New York Heart Association (NYHA) class, BNP levels, and reduced LVEF were independent predictors of death after evaluation. During the treatment of patients with HF and sarcopenia, it is necessary to manage treatment with close attention to BNP and LVEF.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s43044-024-00484-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]],"date-time":"2024-04-29T08:01:53Z","timestamp":1714377713000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Prognostic factors in patients with heart failure and sarcopenia: an observational retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Yasutaka","family":"Imamura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7566-1749","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Atsushi","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuho","family":"Kamishima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuhito","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junichi","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"484_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.72.489","volume":"72","author":"Y Okura","year":"2008","unstructured":"Okura Y, Ramadan MM, Ohno Y, Mitsuma W, Tanaka K, Ito M, Suzuki K, Tanabe N, Kodama M, Aizawa Y (2008) Impending epidemic: future projection of heart failure in Japan to the year 2055. 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The requirement for informed consent was waived owing to the retrospective\u00a0nature of the study. We provided the study details to the patients and employed an opt-out method, clearly informing the patients of their right to decline enrolment.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"52"}}