{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T02:23:00Z","timestamp":1789784580217,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723161600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Egypt Heart J"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Pulmonary embolism (PE) is an important cause of mortality and morbidity in the geriatric population. We aimed to compare the ability of the pulmonary embolism severity index (PESI), rapid emergency medicine score (REMS), and hypotension, oxygen saturation, low temperature, electrocardiogram change, and loss of independence (HOTEL) to predict prognosis and intensive care requirement in geriatric patient with PE.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The median age of 132 patients was 77 (71\u201382) years. PESI was higher in the non-survivor group [132 (113\u2013172)] (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =0.001). The median REMS was 8 (7\u201310), and it was higher in the non-survivor group [10 (7.5\u201312.0)] (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.005). The median HOTEL score was 1 (0\u20132) in the whole cohort and 2 (1\u20133) in the non-survivor group, indicating significant difference compared to the survivor group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) values of HOTEL, REMS, and PESI were determined as 0.72, 0.65, and 0.71, respectively. For the prediction of intensive care requirement, the AUC values of HOTEL, REMS, and PESI were 0.76, 0.75, and 0.76, respectively, with no significant difference in pairwise comparisons (PESI vs. REMS: <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.520, HOTEL vs. PESI: <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.526, REMS vs. HOTEL: <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.669, overall test: <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.96, DeLong\u2019s test). The risk ratios of HOTEL and PESI were parallel to each other [5.31 (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.53\u201311.13) and 5.34 (95% CI: 2.36\u201312.08), respectively].<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>HOTEL and REMS were as successful as PESI in predicting short-term mortality and intensive care requirement in geriatric patients with PE. These scores are also more practical since they have fewer parameters than PESI.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s43044-024-00531-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T13:02:53Z","timestamp":1723208573000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Predictive ability of the REMS and HOTEL scoring systems for mortality in geriatric patients with pulmonary embolism"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"76","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4284-0086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abuzer","family":"\u00d6zkan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6186-6110","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Serdar","family":"\u00d6zdemir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"531_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.4149\/BLL_2014_152","volume":"115","author":"D Weberova","year":"2014","unstructured":"Weberova D, Weber P, Meluzinova H, Matejovska-Kubesova H, Polcarova V et al (2014) Deceased elderly in-patients with pulmonary embolism. Bratisl Med J 115(12):786\u2013790. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4149\/BLL_2014_152","journal-title":"Bratisl Med J"},{"issue":"11","key":"531_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.11909\/j.issn.1671-5411.2016.11.003","volume":"13","author":"JL Yun","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yun JL, Li XY (2016) Prevalence of pulmonary embolism at autopsy among elderly patients in a Chinese general hospital. J Geriatr Cardiol JGC 13(11):894\u2013898. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11909\/j.issn.1671-5411.2016.11.003","journal-title":"J Geriatr Cardiol JGC"},{"issue":"9","key":"531_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.115.306841","volume":"118","author":"AM Wendelboe","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wendelboe AM, Raskob GE (2016) Global burden of thrombosis: epidemiologic aspects. Circ Res 118(9):1340\u20131347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.115.306841","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"531_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz405","volume":"41","author":"SV Konstantinides","year":"2020","unstructured":"Konstantinides SV, Meyer G, Becattini C, Bueno H, Geersing GJ, Harjola VP et al (2020) 2019 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism developed in collaboration with the European respiratory society (ERS). Eur Heart J 41(4):543\u2013603. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz405","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"20","key":"531_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e774","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000707","volume":"140","author":"J Giri","year":"2019","unstructured":"Giri J, Sista AK, Weinberg I, Kearon C, Kumbhani DJ, Desai ND et al (2019) Interventional therapies for acute pulmonary embolism: current status and principles for the development of novel evidence: a scientific statement from the American heart association. Circulation 140(20):e774\u2013e801. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000707","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"9","key":"531_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1869","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.14279","volume":"64","author":"SA Johnson","year":"2016","unstructured":"Johnson SA, Eleazer GP, Rondina MT (2016) Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of venous thromboembolism in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 64(9):1869\u20131878. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jgs.14279","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"2","key":"531_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2010.10.005","volume":"10","author":"RN Siccama","year":"2011","unstructured":"Siccama RN, Janssen KJM, Verheijden NAF, Oudega R, Bax L, van Delden JJ et al (2011) Systematic review: diagnostic accuracy of clinical decision rules for venous thromboembolism in elderly. Ageing Res Rev 10(2):304\u2013313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arr.2010.10.005","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev"},{"issue":"10","key":"531_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2008.110965","volume":"64","author":"JC Lega","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lega JC, Lacasse Y, Lakhal L, Provencher S (2009) Natriuretic peptides and troponins in pulmonary embolism: a meta-analysis. Thorax 64(10):869\u2013875. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/thx.2008.110965","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"issue":"1","key":"531_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-13-111","volume":"13","author":"XY Zhou","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhou XY, Ben SQ, Chen HL, Ni SS (2012) The prognostic value of pulmonary embolism severity index in acute pulmonary embolism: a meta-analysis. Respir Res 13(1):111. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1465-9921-13-111","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"531_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e105695","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0105695","volume":"9","author":"M Str\u00e6de","year":"2014","unstructured":"Str\u00e6de M, Brabrand M (2014) External validation of the simple clinical score and the HOTEL score, two scores for predicting short-term mortality after admission to an acute medical unit. PLoS ONE 9(8):e105695. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0105695","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"2","key":"531_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.120.2.474","volume":"120","author":"KR Daniel","year":"2001","unstructured":"Daniel KR, Courtney DM, Kline JA (2001) Assessment of cardiac stress from massive pulmonary embolism with 12-lead ECG. Chest 120(2):474\u2013481. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1378\/chest.120.2.474","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"5","key":"531_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14289","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000014289","volume":"98","author":"X Wei","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wei X, Ma H, Liu R, Zhao Y (2019) Comparing the effectiveness of three scoring systems in predicting adult patient outcomes in the emergency department. Medicine (Baltimore) 98(5):e14289. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000014289","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"5","key":"531_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2004.01321.x","volume":"255","author":"T Olsson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Olsson T, Terent A, Lind L (2004) Rapid emergency medicine score: a new prognostic tool for in-hospital mortality in nonsurgical emergency department patients. J Intern Med 255(5):579\u2013587. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2004.01321.x","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"531_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/dmp.2022.107","volume":"17","author":"S \u00d6zdemir","year":"2022","unstructured":"\u00d6zdemir S, Alg\u0131n A, Ak\u00e7a H\u015e, Altunok \u0130, Kokulu K, Ero\u011flu SE et al (2022) Predictive ability of the MEWS, REMS, and RAPS in geriatric patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the emergency department. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 17:1\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/dmp.2022.107","journal-title":"Disaster Med Public Health Prep"},{"issue":"2","key":"531_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.auec.2021.09.002","volume":"25","author":"M Chatchumni","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chatchumni M, Maneesri S, Yongsiriwit K (2022) Performance of the simple clinical score (SCS) and the rapid emergency medicine score (REMS) to predict severity level and mortality rate among patients with sepsis in the emergency department. Australas Emerg Care 25(2):121\u2013125. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.auec.2021.09.002","journal-title":"Australas Emerg Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"531_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.21608\/ajfm.2022.213306","volume":"38","author":"E Ae","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ae E, Ga S (2022) Evaluation of various scoring systems in prediction of acute carbon monoxide poisoning outcome. Ain Shams J Forensic Med Clin Toxicol 38(1):79\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608\/ajfm.2022.213306","journal-title":"Ain Shams J Forensic Med Clin Toxicol"},{"issue":"8","key":"531_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200506-862OC","volume":"172","author":"D Aujesky","year":"2005","unstructured":"Aujesky D, Obrosky DS, Stone RA, Auble TE, Perrier A, Cornuz J et al (2005) Derivation and validation of a prognostic model for pulmonary embolism. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 172(8):1041\u20131046. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/rccm.200506-862OC","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"531_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2008.02.011","volume":"78","author":"J Kellett","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kellett J, Deane B, Gleeson M (2008) Derivation and validation of a score based on hypotension, oxygen saturation, low temperature, ECG changes and Loss of independence (HOTEL) that predicts early mortality between 15\u00a0min and 24\u00a0h after admission to an acute medical unit. Resuscitation 78(1):52\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2008.02.011","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"issue":"6","key":"531_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.16899\/jcm.988406","volume":"11","author":"S \u00d6zdemir","year":"2021","unstructured":"\u00d6zdemir S, Alg\u0131n A (2021) The role of platelet indices in predicting short-term mortality in elderly patients with pulmonary embolism. J Contemp Med 11(6):833\u2013837. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.16899\/jcm.988406","journal-title":"J Contemp Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"531_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-015-1250-2","volume":"41","author":"JH Shen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shen JH, Chen HL, Chen JR, Xing JL, Gu P, Zhu BF (2016) Comparison of the Wells score with the revised Geneva score for assessing suspected pulmonary embolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Thromb Thrombolysis 41(3):482\u2013492. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11239-015-1250-2","journal-title":"J Thromb Thrombolysis"},{"issue":"4","key":"531_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-998911","volume":"28","author":"T Bein","year":"1993","unstructured":"Bein T, Taeger K (1993) Score systems in emergency medicine. Anasthesiol. Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther AINS 28(4):222\u2013227. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-2007-998911","journal-title":"Anasthesiol. Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther AINS"},{"issue":"15","key":"531_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2010.199","volume":"170","author":"D Jim\u00e9nez","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jim\u00e9nez D, Aujesky D, Moores L, G\u00f3mez V, Lobo JL, Uresandi F et al (2010) Simplification of the pulmonary embolism severity index for prognostication in patients with acute symptomatic pulmonary embolism. Arch Intern Med 170(15):1383\u20131389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archinternmed.2010.199","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"531_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijge.2015.02.003","volume":"9","author":"ZD Dundar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dundar ZD, Karamercan MA, Ergin M, Colak T, Tuncar A, Ayranc\u0131 K et al (2015) Rapid emergency medicine score and HOTEL score in geriatric patients admitted to the emergency department. Int J Gerontol 9(2):87\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijge.2015.02.003","journal-title":"Int J Gerontol"},{"issue":"10","key":"531_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1040","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2003.tb00572.x","volume":"10","author":"T Olsson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Olsson T, Lind L (2003) Comparison of the rapid emergency medicine score and APACHE II in nonsurgical emergency department patients. Acad Emerg Med Off J Soc Acad Emerg Med 10(10):1040\u20131048. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2003.tb00572.x","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med Off J Soc Acad Emerg Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"531_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e004738","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-004738","volume":"4","author":"BF Imhoff","year":"2014","unstructured":"Imhoff BF, Thompson NJ, Hastings MA, Nazir N, Moncure M, Cannon CM (2014) Rapid emergency medicine score (REMS) in the trauma population: a retrospective study. BMJ Open 4(5):e004738. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-004738","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"531_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amj.2019.02.001","volume":"38","author":"B Nolan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nolan B, Tien H, Haas B, Saskin R, Nathens A (2019) The rapid emergency medicine score: a critical appraisal of its measurement properties and applicability to the air retrieval environment. Air Med J 38(3):154\u2013160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amj.2019.02.001","journal-title":"Air Med J"},{"issue":"6","key":"531_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.21767\/AMJ.2023.3705","volume":"16","author":"H Shokoohsaremi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shokoohsaremi H, Ebrahimi M, Feizabadi AS (2023) Evaluation of APACHE II, RAPS, and REMS models at the emergency department to predict hospital death in triage levels 1 and 2. Australas Med J (Online) 16(6):647\u2013651. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21767\/AMJ.2023.3705","journal-title":"Australas Med J (Online)"},{"issue":"2","key":"531_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.30476\/IJMS.2021.86079.1579","volume":"47","author":"A Ghaffarzad","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ghaffarzad A, Vahed N, Vahdati SS, Ala A, Jalali M (2022) The accuracy of rapid emergency medicine score in predicting mortality in non-surgical patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Iran J Med Sci 47(2):83. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.30476\/IJMS.2021.86079.1579","journal-title":"Iran J Med Sci"},{"key":"531_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/s12245-015-0066-3","volume":"8","author":"DT Ha","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ha DT, Dang TQ, Tran NV, Vo NY, Nguyen ND, Nguyen TV (2015) Prognostic performance of the rapid emergency medicine score (REMS) and worthing physiological scoring system (WPS) in emergency department. Int J Emerg Med 8:18. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12245-015-0066-3","journal-title":"Int J Emerg Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"531_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2015.10.028","volume":"34","author":"J Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang J, Liu G, Wang S, Du W, Lv P, Guo H et al (2016) The electrocardiographic characteristics of an acute embolism in the pulmonary trunk and the main pulmonary arteries. Am J Emerg Med 34(2):212\u2013217. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajem.2015.10.028","journal-title":"Am J Emerg Med"}],"container-title":["The Egyptian Heart Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s43044-024-00531-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s43044-024-00531-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s43044-024-00531-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T13:02:59Z","timestamp":1723208579000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/tehj.springeropen.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s43044-024-00531-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["531"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s43044-024-00531-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-911X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-911X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 April 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 July 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 August 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was conducted following the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, and ethical approval was provided by the local committee, \u00dcmraniye Training and Research Hospital Clinical Research Ethics Committee with number B.l0.1.TKH.4.34.H.GP.0.0l\/10 and date 01\/20\/2022. All participants provided informed written consent to participate in the study. Informed written consent from parents\/legal guardians.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"As authors, we affirm that human research participants provided informed consent for publication.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"101"}}