{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T13:58:08Z","timestamp":1783605488270,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742342400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742342400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Egypt Heart J"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) show promise as a therapy for heart failure (HF); however, the safety and efficacy of SGLT2i in different HF etiologies are uncertain, thus arising the need for a meta-analyses.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Main text<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>PubMed and Scopus were queried until May 2023 for studies comparing SGLT2i with placebo in HF patients with ischemic and non-ischemic etiologies. Meta-analyses were performed using risk ratio and hazard ratio. A fixed effect model was used. Outcomes assessed were hospitalization due to HF (HHF), cardiovascular death (CVD), CVD\/HHF, all-cause mortality, volume depletion, fracture, and discontinuation of drug due to adverse effects. Four RCTs were included (15,676 patients). Analysis revealed no significant differences in CVD\/HHF between ischemic [HR: 0.77 (0.70\u20130.86) <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.00001] and non-ischemic patients [HR: 0.72 (0.65\u20130.80) <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.00001] using SGLT2i (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.35). Significant reductions were seen in HHF in both ischemic [RR 0.74 (0.65\u20130.84) <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.00001] and non-ischemic [RR 0.68 (0.59\u20130.78) <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.00001] patients (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.39), with the effect more notable in the non-ischemic cohort. However, CVD significantly decreased in non-ischemic patients [RR 0.78 (0.63\u20130.95) <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01], whereas no significant reduction was noted in ischemic patients [RR 0.94 (0.80\u20131.10) <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.43] (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>-interaction\u2009=\u20090.15). All-cause mortality was significantly reduced in non-ischemic patients [RR 0.80 (0.67\u20130.96) <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02] but not in ischemic patients [RR 0.96 (0.83\u20131.10) <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.52]. No significant safety events were observed in the SGLT2i cohort including volume depletion [RR 1.08 (0.94\u20131.25) <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.26], fracture [RR 1.02 (0.77\u20131.36) <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.88], or discontinuation of drug due to adverse effects [RR 0.97 (0.86\u20131.10) <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.65].<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Similar CVD\/HHF outcomes for ischemic and non-ischemic patients with SGLT2i. Significant HHF reductions in both groups. Non-ischemic patients showed greater improvements in CVD and all-cause mortality. However, no subgroup difference between ischemic and non-ischemic cause of heart failure was noted in our analysis.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s43044-025-00623-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T09:20:21Z","timestamp":1742376021000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Safety and efficacy of SGLT2 inhibitors in heart failure patients with ischemic and non-ischemic etiologies: a systematic review and meta-analyses"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"77","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2220-1335","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hasan Fareed","family":"Siddiqui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam Bilal","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Moiz","family":"Nasir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taleen","family":"Hashmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aisha Fareed","family":"Siddiqui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanzla","family":"Asim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bushra Iqtidar","family":"Siddiqui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"623_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.115.002594e002594","volume":"9","author":"KE Bergethon","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bergethon KE, Ju C, DeVore AD, Hardy NC, Fonarow GC, Yancy CW, Heidenreich PA, Bhatt DL, Peterson ED, Hernandez AF (2016) Trends in 30-day readmission rates for patients hospitalized with heart failure: findings from the get with the guidelines-heart failure registry. 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