{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T23:27:09Z","timestamp":1787009229872,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":266,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Galala University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mol Biomed"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cancer remains a major global health burden and the second leading cause of mortality worldwide. Recent advances in cancer immunotherapy have emphasized the critical role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in determining therapeutic outcomes, leading to the classification of tumors into immunologically \u201chot\u201d and \u201ccold\u201d phenotypes. Cold tumors are characterized by low immunogenicity, limited immune cell infiltration, and a highly immunosuppressive microenvironment, resulting in poor prognosis and resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Despite the development of multiple immunotherapeutic strategies, effective activation of antitumor immunity in cold tumors remains a major clinical challenge. Current approaches aim to initiate immune responses through priming strategies such as cancer vaccines and adoptive T-cell transfer, while simultaneously overcoming immunosuppressive signaling via immune checkpoint blockade. Additional strategies include depletion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and enhancement of co-stimulatory pathways. However, these approaches are often limited by inefficient delivery, poor tumor penetration, and systemic toxicity. Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising platform for tumor microenvironment reprogramming. Nanocarriers enable targeted delivery of immunomodulatory agents, enhance antigen presentation, and improve immune activation while overcoming biological barriers such as dense stroma and abnormal vasculature. By integrating nanotechnology with immunotherapy, new opportunities arise to convert cold tumors into hot, immune-responsive phenotypes, thereby improving therapeutic efficacy and clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s43556-026-00534-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T23:02:41Z","timestamp":1787007761000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cold and hot tumors: immunological determinants, cancer-immunity cycle dysregulation, and nanotechnology-driven therapeutic approaches"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3980-4036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed S.","family":"Teiama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asmaa","family":"Gohar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Amr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"El-Shinawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5815-3200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Walid F.","family":"Elkhatib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"534_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21590","volume":"70","author":"RL Siegel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2020. CA Cancer J Clin. 2020;70(1):7\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3322\/caac.21590.","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"5","key":"534_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21565","volume":"69","author":"KD Miller","year":"2019","unstructured":"Miller KD, Nogueira L, Mariotto AB, Rowland JH, Yabroff KR, Alfano CM, et al. Cancer treatment and survivorship statistics, 2019. CA Cancer J Clin. 2019;69(5):363\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3322\/caac.21565.","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"1","key":"534_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21551","volume":"69","author":"RL Siegel","year":"2019","unstructured":"Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2019. CA Cancer J Clin. 2019;69(1):7\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3322\/caac.21551.","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"1","key":"534_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-01979-x","volume":"9","author":"B Wu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wu B, Zhang B, Li B, Wu H, Jiang M. Cold and hot tumors: from molecular mechanisms to targeted therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2024;9(1):274. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41392-024-01979-x.","journal-title":"Signal Transduct Target Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"534_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trecan.2024.11.011","volume":"11","author":"K Ma","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ma K, Wang L, Li W, Tang T, Ma B, Zhang L, et al. Turning cold into hot: emerging strategies to fire up the tumor microenvironment. Trends Cancer. 2025;11(2):117\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.trecan.2024.11.011.","journal-title":"Trends Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"534_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.02.013","volume":"144","author":"D Hanahan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hanahan D, Weinberg RA. Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation. Cell. 2011;144(5):646\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2011.02.013.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"534_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yu J, Kong X, Feng Y. Tumor microenvironment-driven resistance to immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer: strategies for Cold-to-Hot tumor transformation. Cancer Drug Resist. 2025;8:21. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20517\/cdr.2025.14","DOI":"10.20517\/cdr.2025.14"},{"issue":"3","key":"534_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2012.02.022","volume":"21","author":"D Hanahan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hanahan D, Coussens LM. Accessories to the crime: functions of cells recruited to the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Cell. 2012;21(3):309\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ccr.2012.02.022.","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"issue":"5","key":"534_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0014-x","volume":"24","author":"M Binnewies","year":"2018","unstructured":"Binnewies M, Roberts EW, Kersten K, Chan V, Fearon DF, Merad M, et al. Understanding the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) for effective therapy. Nat Med. 2018;24(5):541\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41591-018-0014-x.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"16","key":"534_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R921","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.06.081","volume":"30","author":"NM Anderson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Anderson NM, Simon MC. The tumor microenvironment. Curr Biol. 2020;30(16):R921\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cub.2020.06.081.","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"issue":"Pt 23","key":"534_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5591","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.116392","volume":"125","author":"FR Balkwill","year":"2012","unstructured":"Balkwill FR, Capasso M, Hagemann T. The tumor microenvironment at a glance. J Cell Sci. 2012;125(Pt 23):5591\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/jcs.116392.","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"534_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5700","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.27425","volume":"234","author":"M Najafi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Najafi M, Goradel NH, Farhood B, Salehi E, Solhjoo S, Toolee H, et al. Tumor microenvironment: interactions and therapy. J Cell Physiol. 2019;234(5):5700\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcp.27425.","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"534_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-018-0007-y","volume":"18","author":"J Galon","year":"2019","unstructured":"Galon J, Bruni D. Approaches to treat immune hot, altered and cold tumours with combination immunotherapies. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2019;18(3):197\u2013218. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41573-018-0007-y.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"issue":"7","key":"534_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trecan.2020.02.022","volume":"6","author":"Q Duan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Duan Q, Zhang H, Zheng J, Zhang L. Turning cold into hot: firing up the tumor microenvironment. Trends Cancer. 2020;6(7):605\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.trecan.2020.02.022.","journal-title":"Trends Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"534_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.32889","volume":"147","author":"E De Guillebon","year":"2020","unstructured":"De Guillebon E, Dardenne A, Saldmann A, S\u00e9guier S, Tran T, Paolini L, et al. Beyond the concept of cold and hot tumors for the development of novel predictive biomarkers and the rational design of immunotherapy combination. Int J Cancer. 2020;147(6):1509\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijc.32889.","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"534_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-67577-0_2","volume":"1036","author":"TF Gajewski","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gajewski TF, Corrales L, Williams J, Horton B, Sivan A, Spranger S. Cancer immunotherapy targets based on understanding the T cell-inflamed versus non-T cell-inflamed tumor microenvironment. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2017;1036:19\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-67577-0_2.","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"issue":"9","key":"534_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-18-0277","volume":"6","author":"JA Trujillo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Trujillo JA, Sweis RF, Bao R, Luke JJ. T Cell-Inflamed versus Non-T Cell-Inflamed Tumors: A Conceptual Framework for Cancer Immunotherapy Drug Development and Combination Therapy Selection. Cancer Immunol Res. 2018;6(9):990\u20131000. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-18-0277.","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Res"},{"key":"534_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00168","volume":"10","author":"P Bonaventura","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bonaventura P, Shekarian T, Alcazer V, Valladeau-Guilemond J, Valsesia-Wittmann S, Amigorena S, et al. Cold Tumors: A Therapeutic Challenge for Immunotherapy. Front Immunol. 2019;10:168. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00168.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"534_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2013.07.005","volume":"39","author":"GT Motz","year":"2013","unstructured":"Motz GT, Coukos G. Deciphering and reversing tumor immune suppression. Immunity. 2013;39(1):61\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.immuni.2013.07.005.","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"6230","key":"534_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa8172","volume":"348","author":"P Sharma","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sharma P, Allison JP. The future of immune checkpoint therapy. Science. 2015;348(6230):56\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aaa8172.","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"534_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI45817","volume":"122","author":"H Salmon","year":"2012","unstructured":"Salmon H, Franciszkiewicz K, Damotte D, Dieu-Nosjean MC, Validire P, Trautmann A, et al. Matrix architecture defines the preferential localization and migration of T cells into the stroma of human lung tumors. J Clin Invest. 2012;122(3):899\u2013910. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/JCI45817.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"7693","key":"534_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1038\/nature25501","volume":"554","author":"S Mariathasan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mariathasan S, Turley SJ, Nickles D, Castiglioni A, Yuen K, Wang Y, et al. TGF\u03b2 attenuates tumour response to PD-L1 blockade by contributing to exclusion of T cells. Nature. 2018;554(7693):544\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature25501.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"5","key":"534_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1002\/cac2.12539","volume":"44","author":"GR Khosravi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Khosravi GR, Mostafavi S, Bastan S, Ebrahimi N, Gharibvand RS, Eskandari N. Immunologic tumor microenvironment modulators for turning cold tumors hot. Cancer Commun (Lond). 2024;44(5):521\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cac2.12539.","journal-title":"Cancer Commun (Lond)"},{"issue":"1","key":"534_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2013.07.012","volume":"39","author":"DS Chen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chen DS, Mellman I. Oncology Meets Immunology: The Cancer-Immunity Cycle. Immunity. 2013;39(1):1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.immuni.2013.07.012.","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"10","key":"534_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2023.09.011","volume":"56","author":"I Mellman","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mellman I, Chen DS, Powles T, Turley SJ. The cancer-immunity cycle: Indication, genotype, and immunotype. Immunity. 2023;56(10):2188\u2013205. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.immuni.2023.09.011.","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"6","key":"534_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2685","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-08-2654","volume":"69","author":"M Camus","year":"2009","unstructured":"Camus M, Tosolini M, Mlecnik B, Pag\u00e8s F, Kirilovsky A, Berger A, et al. Coordination of intratumoral immune reaction and human colorectal cancer recurrence. Cancer Res. 2009;69(6):2685\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-08-2654.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"534_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1002\/path.4287","volume":"232","author":"J Galon","year":"2014","unstructured":"Galon J, Mlecnik B, Bindea G, Angell HK, Berger A, Lagorce C, et al. Towards the introduction of the \u201cImmunoscore\u201d in the classification of malignant tumours. J Pathol. 2014;232(2):199\u2013209. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/path.4287.","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"issue":"5","key":"534_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.07.025","volume":"145","author":"A Ene-Obong","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ene-Obong A, Clear AJ, Watt J, Wang J, Fatah R, Riches JC, et al. Activated pancreatic stellate cells sequester CD8+ T cells to reduce their infiltration of the juxtatumoral compartment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Gastroenterology. 2013;145(5):1121\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.07.025.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"1","key":"534_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molonc.2014.07.013","volume":"9","author":"S Hu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hu S, Li L, Yeh S, Cui Y, Li X, Chang HC, et al. Infiltrating T cells promote prostate cancer metastasis via modulation of FGF11\u2192miRNA-541\u2192androgen receptor (AR)\u2192MMP9 signaling. Mol Oncol. 2015;9(1):44\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molonc.2014.07.013.","journal-title":"Mol Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"534_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1006\/clin.1993.1012","volume":"66","author":"CG Ioannides","year":"1993","unstructured":"Ioannides CG, Whiteside TL. T cell recognition of human tumors: implications for molecular immunotherapy of cancer. Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1993;66(2):91\u2013106. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/clin.1993.1012.","journal-title":"Clin Immunol Immunopathol"},{"issue":"48","key":"534_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E7759","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1609376113","volume":"113","author":"S Spranger","year":"2016","unstructured":"Spranger S, Luke JJ, Bao R, Zha Y, Hernandez KM, Li Y, et al. Density of immunogenic antigens does not explain the presence or absence of the T-cell-inflamed tumor microenvironment in melanoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016;113(48):E7759\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1609376113.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"18","key":"534_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4557","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-18-3962","volume":"79","author":"DC Hinshaw","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hinshaw DC, Shevde LA. The Tumor Microenvironment Innately Modulates Cancer Progression. Cancer Res. 2019;79(18):4557\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-18-3962.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"534_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.02.043","volume":"148","author":"FE Froeling","year":"2015","unstructured":"Froeling FE, Kocher HM. Homeostatic restoration of desmoplastic stroma rather than its ablation slows pancreatic cancer progression. Gastroenterology. 2015;148(4):849\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.02.043.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"10","key":"534_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2943","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-12-4354","volume":"73","author":"Y Huang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Huang Y, Goel S, Duda DG, Fukumura D, Jain RK. Vascular normalization as an emerging strategy to enhance cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Res. 2013;73(10):2943\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-12-4354.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"534_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-018-0858-1","volume":"17","author":"B Ren","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ren B, Cui M, Yang G, Wang H, Feng M, You L, et al. Tumor microenvironment participates in metastasis of pancreatic cancer. Mol Cancer. 2018;17(1):108. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12943-018-0858-1.","journal-title":"Mol Cancer"},{"key":"534_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153303382092096","DOI":"10.1177\/1533033820920969","volume":"19","author":"H Sun","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sun H, Zhang B, Li H. The Roles of Frequently Mutated Genes of Pancreatic Cancer in Regulation of Tumor Microenvironment. Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2020;19:1533033820920969. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1533033820920969.","journal-title":"Technol Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"534_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.773420","volume":"11","author":"SK Von Rueden","year":"2021","unstructured":"Von Rueden SK, Fan TM. Cancer-Immunity Cycle and Therapeutic Interventions- Opportunities for Including Pet Dogs With Cancer. Front Oncol. 2021;11:773420. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fonc.2021.773420.","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"6230","key":"534_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa4971","volume":"348","author":"TN Schumacher","year":"2015","unstructured":"Schumacher TN, Schreiber RD. Neoantigens in cancer immunotherapy. Science. 2015;348(6230):69\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aaa4971.","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"534_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-019-0210-z","volume":"20","author":"SK Wculek","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wculek SK, Cueto FJ, Mujal AM, Melero I, Krummel MF, Sancho D. Dendritic cells in cancer immunology and immunotherapy. Nat Rev Immunol. 2020;20(1):7\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41577-019-0210-z.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"534_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc.2017.117","volume":"18","author":"S Spranger","year":"2018","unstructured":"Spranger S, Gajewski TF. Impact of oncogenic pathways on evasion of antitumour immune responses. Nat Rev Cancer. 2018;18(3):139\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrc.2017.117.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"issue":"7637","key":"534_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1038\/nature21349","volume":"541","author":"DS Chen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chen DS, Mellman I. Elements of cancer immunity and the cancer-immune set point. Nature. 2017;541(7637):321\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature21349.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"5","key":"534_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2017.04.003","volume":"31","author":"S Spranger","year":"2017","unstructured":"Spranger S, Dai D, Horton B, Gajewski TF. Tumor-Residing Batf3 Dendritic Cells Are Required for Effector T Cell Trafficking and Adoptive T Cell Therapy. Cancer Cell. 2017;31(5):711\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ccell.2017.04.003.","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"issue":"6230","key":"534_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa6204","volume":"348","author":"JA Joyce","year":"2015","unstructured":"Joyce JA, Fearon DT. T cell exclusion, immune privilege, and the tumor microenvironment. Science. 2015;348(6230):74\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aaa6204.","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"26","key":"534_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2443","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1200690","volume":"366","author":"SL Topalian","year":"2012","unstructured":"Topalian SL, Hodi FS, Brahmer JR, Gettinger SN, Smith DC, McDermott DF, et al. Safety, activity, and immune correlates of anti-PD-1 antibody in cancer. N Engl J Med. 2012;366(26):2443\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1200690.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"534_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1186\/s12943-025-02477-6","volume":"24","author":"YT Liu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liu YT, Wang YL, Wang S, Li JJ, He W, Fan XJ, et al. Turning cold tumors into hot tumors to ignite immunotherapy. Mol Cancer. 2025;24(1):254. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12943-025-02477-6.","journal-title":"Mol Cancer"},{"key":"534_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2026.105123","volume":"219","author":"Y Xu","year":"2026","unstructured":"Xu Y, Sun J. Immunometabolic heterogeneity in hepatocellular carcinoma: Transforming cold tumors into hot tumors. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2026;219:105123. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2026.105123.","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oncol Hematol"},{"issue":"1","key":"534_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-018-0479-7","volume":"6","author":"SM Vareki","year":"2018","unstructured":"Vareki SM. High and low mutational burden tumors versus immunologically hot and cold tumors and response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. J Immunother Cancer. 2018;6(1):157. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40425-018-0479-7.","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"534_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.343","volume":"4","author":"L Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang L, Geng H, Liu Y, Liu L, Chen Y, Wu F, et al. Hot and cold tumors: immunological features and the therapeutic strategies. MedComm. 2020;4(5):e343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mco2.343.","journal-title":"MedComm"},{"issue":"1","key":"534_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2019.12.011","volume":"52","author":"PS Hegde","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hegde PS, Chen DS. Top 10 Challenges in Cancer Immunotherapy. Immunity. 2020;52(1):17\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.immuni.2019.12.011.","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"534_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2015.12.007","volume":"39","author":"F Garrido","year":"2016","unstructured":"Garrido F, Aptsiauri N, Doorduijn EM, Lora AMG, van Hall T. The urgent need to recover MHC class I in cancers for effective immunotherapy. Curr Opin Immunol. 2016;39:44\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.coi.2015.12.007.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"issue":"11","key":"534_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5117","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1501657","volume":"195","author":"S Ilyas","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ilyas S, Yang JC. Landscape of Tumor Antigens in T Cell Immunotherapy. J Immunol. 2015;195(11):5117\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.1501657.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"534_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-416004-0.00007-0","volume-title":"Immune biology of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","author":"G Alatrash","year":"2019","unstructured":"Alatrash G, Molldrem JJ. Tumor-associated antigens. In: Immune biology of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. 2nd ed. Academic Press; 2019. p. 107\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-12-416004-0.00007-0.","edition":"2nd ed"},{"issue":"5038","key":"534_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1643","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1840703","volume":"254","author":"P van der Bruggen","year":"1991","unstructured":"van der Bruggen P, Traversari C, Chomez P, Lurquin C, De Plaen E, Van den Eynde B, et al. A gene encoding an antigen recognized by cytolytic T lymphocytes on a human melanoma. Science. 1991;254(5038):1643\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1840703.","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"25","key":"534_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2500","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1713444","volume":"377","author":"M Yarchoan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yarchoan M, Hopkins A, Jaffee EM. Tumor Mutational Burden and Response Rate to PD-1 Inhibition. N Engl J Med. 2017;377(25):2500\u20131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMc1713444.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"534_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.2217\/imt.10.10","volume":"2","author":"Y Hirohashi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hirohashi Y, Torigoe T, Inoda S, Takahashi A, Morita R, Nishizawa S, et al. Immune response against tumor antigens expressed on human cancer stem-like cells\/tumor-initiating cells. Immunotherapy. 2010;2(2):201\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2217\/imt.10.10.","journal-title":"Immunotherapy"},{"issue":"2","key":"534_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3670","volume":"14","author":"PG Coulie","year":"2014","unstructured":"Coulie PG, Van den Eynde BJ, van der Bruggen P, Boon T. Tumour antigens recognized by T lymphocytes: at the core of cancer immunotherapy. Nat Rev Cancer. 2014;14(2):135\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrc3670.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"issue":"14","key":"534_CR57","first-page":"5544","volume":"61","author":"P Chomez","year":"2001","unstructured":"Chomez P, de Backer O, Bertrand MJM, de Plaen E, Boon T, Lucas S. An overview of the MAGE gene family with the identification of all human members of the family. Cancer Res. 2001;61(14):5544\u201351.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"534_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00286-10","volume":"18","author":"L Buonaguro","year":"2011","unstructured":"Buonaguro L, Petrizzo A, Tornesello ML, Buonaguro FM. Translating tumor antigens into cancer vaccines. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2011;18(1):23\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/CVI.00286-10.","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"key":"534_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/C2017-0-01055-8","volume-title":"Vaccines for cancer immunotherapy: an evidence-based review on current status and future perspectives","author":"SF Valilou","year":"2018","unstructured":"Valilou SF, Rezaei N. Tumor antigens. In: Vaccines for cancer immunotherapy: an evidence-based review on current status and future perspectives. Elsevier; 2018. p. 61\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/C2017-0-01055-8."},{"issue":"6","key":"534_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2109","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.181.6.2109","volume":"181","author":"B Fisk","year":"1995","unstructured":"Fisk B, Blevins TL, Wharton JT, Ioannides CG. Identification of an immunodominant peptide of HER-2\/neu protooncogene recognized by ovarian tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte lines. J Exp Med. 1995;181(6):2109\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.181.6.2109.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"534_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1016\/s1074-7613(00)80066-7","volume":"10","author":"RH Vonderheide","year":"1999","unstructured":"Vonderheide RH, Hahn WC, Schultze JL, Nadler LM. The telomerase catalytic subunit is a widely expressed tumor-associated antigen recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Immunity. 1999;10(6):673\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1074-7613(00)80066-7.","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"8","key":"534_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1054\/bjoc.2000.1715","volume":"84","author":"Y Umano","year":"2001","unstructured":"Umano Y, Tsunoda T, Tanaka H, Matsuda K, Yamaue H, Tanimura H. Generation of cytotoxic T cell responses to an HLA-A24 restricted epitope peptide derived from wild-type p53. Br J Cancer. 2001;84(8):1052\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1054\/bjoc.2000.1715.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"534_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.1.136","volume":"93","author":"K Chang","year":"1996","unstructured":"Chang K, Pastan I. Molecular cloning of mesothelin, a differentiation antigen present on mesothelium, mesotheliomas, and ovarian cancers. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996;93(1):136\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.93.1.136.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"3","key":"534_CR64","first-page":"869","volume":"61","author":"MH Andersen","year":"2001","unstructured":"Andersen MH, Pedersen LO, Becker JC, Straten PT. Identification of a cytotoxic T lymphocyte response to the apoptosis inhibitor protein survivin in cancer patients. Cancer Res. 2001;61(3):869\u201372.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"534_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3398","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0530311100","volume":"100","author":"JC Schmollinger","year":"2003","unstructured":"Schmollinger JC, Vonderheide RH, Hoar KM, Maecker B, Schultze JL, Hodi FS, et al. Melanoma inhibitor of apoptosis protein (ML-IAP) is a target for immune-mediated tumor destruction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003;100(6):3398\u2013403. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0530311100.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"3","key":"534_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.179.3.1005","volume":"179","author":"AB Bakker","year":"1994","unstructured":"Bakker AB, Schreurs MW, de Boer AJ, Kawakami Y, Rosenberg SA, Adema GJ, et al. Melanocyte lineage-specific antigen gp100 is recognized by melanoma-derived tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. J Exp Med. 1994;179(3):1005\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.179.3.1005.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"534_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.180.1.347","volume":"180","author":"Y Kawakami","year":"1994","unstructured":"Kawakami Y, Eliyahu S, Sakaguchi K, Robbins PF, Rivoltini L, Yannelli JR, et al. Identification of the immunodominant peptides of the MART-1 human melanoma antigen recognized by the majority of HLA-A2-restricted tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. J Exp Med. 1994;180(1):347\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.180.1.347.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"534_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2207","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.184.6.2207","volume":"184","author":"RF Wang","year":"1996","unstructured":"Wang RF, Appella E, Kawakami Y, Kang X, Rosenberg SA. Identification of TRP-2 as a human tumor antigen recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. J Exp Med. 1996;184(6):2207\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.184.6.2207.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"534_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.1998.00678.x","volume":"114","author":"JM Corman","year":"1998","unstructured":"Corman JM, Sercarz EE, Nanda NK. Recognition of prostate-specific antigenic peptide determinants by human CD4 and CD8 T cells. Clin Exp Immunol. 1998;114(2):166\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-2249.1998.00678.x.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"issue":"13","key":"534_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/87.13.982","volume":"87","author":"KY Tsang","year":"1995","unstructured":"Tsang KY, Zaremba S, Nieroda CA, Zhu MZ, Hamilton JM, Schlom J. Generation of human cytotoxic T cells specific for human carcinoembryonic antigen epitopes from patients immunized with recombinant vaccinia-CEA vaccine. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1995;87(13):982\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jnci\/87.13.982.","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"5","key":"534_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.10736","volume":"102","author":"A Jaramillo","year":"2002","unstructured":"Jaramillo A, Majumder K, Manna PP, Fleming TP, Doherty G, Dipersio JF, et al. Identification of HLA-A3-restricted CD8+ T cell epitopes derived from mammaglobin-A, a tumor-associated antigen of human breast cancer. Int J Cancer. 2002;102(5):499\u2013506. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijc.10736.","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"534_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.187.2.265","volume":"187","author":"E J\u00e4ger","year":"1998","unstructured":"J\u00e4ger E, Chen YT, Drijfhout JW, Karbach J, Ringhoffer M, J\u00e4ger D, et al. Simultaneous humoral and cellular immune response against cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1: definition of human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2-binding peptide epitopes. J Exp Med. 1998;187(2):265\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.187.2.265.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"534_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1717","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.168.4.1717","volume":"168","author":"M Ayyoub","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ayyoub M, Stevanovic S, Sahin U, Guillaume P, Servis C, Rimoldi D, et al. Proteasome-assisted identification of a SSX-2-derived epitope recognized by tumor-reactive CTL infiltrating metastatic melanoma. J Immunol. 2002;168(4):1717\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.168.4.1717.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"534_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/s1074-7613(95)80053-0","volume":"2","author":"P Bo\u00ebl","year":"1995","unstructured":"Bo\u00ebl P, Wildmann C, Sensi ML, Brasseur R, Renauld JC, Coulie P, et al. BAGE: a new gene encoding an antigen recognized on human melanomas by cytolytic T lymphocytes. Immunity. 1995;2(2):167\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1074-7613(95)80053-0.","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"3","key":"534_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.182.3.689","volume":"182","author":"B Van den Eynde","year":"1995","unstructured":"Van den Eynde B, Peeters O, De Backer O, Gaugler B, Lucas S, Boon T. A new family of genes coding for an antigen recognized by autologous cytolytic T lymphocytes on a human melanoma. J Exp Med. 1995;182(3):689\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.182.3.689.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"534_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2020.105017","volume":"159","author":"L Bai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bai L, Li W, Zheng W, Xu D, Chen N, Cui J. Promising targets based on pattern recognition receptors for cancer immunotherapy. Pharmacol Res. 2020;159:105017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phrs.2020.105017.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"issue":"6263","key":"534_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad0779","volume":"350","author":"E Vacchelli","year":"2015","unstructured":"Vacchelli E, Ma Y, Baracco EE, Sistigu A, Enot DP, Pietrocola F, et al. Chemotherapy-induced antitumor immunity requires formyl peptide receptor 1. Science. 2015;350(6263):972\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aad0779.","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"6684","key":"534_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1038\/30989","volume":"393","author":"JP Ridge","year":"1998","unstructured":"Ridge JP, Di Rosa F, Matzinger P. A conditioned dendritic cell can be a temporal bridge between a CD4+ T-helper and a T-killer cell. Nature. 1998;393(6684):474\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/30989.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"7559","key":"534_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14404","volume":"523","author":"S Spranger","year":"2015","unstructured":"Spranger S, Bao R, Gajewski TF. Melanoma-intrinsic \u03b2-catenin signalling prevents anti-tumour immunity. Nature. 2015;523(7559):231\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature14404.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"2","key":"534_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.Cd-15-0283","volume":"6","author":"W Peng","year":"2016","unstructured":"Peng W, Chen JQ, Liu C, Malu S, Creasy C, Tetzlaff MT, et al. Loss of PTEN Promotes Resistance to T Cell-Mediated Immunotherapy. Cancer Discov. 2016;6(2):202\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/2159-8290.Cd-15-0283.","journal-title":"Cancer Discov"},{"issue":"1","key":"534_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5439","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-19288-6","volume":"11","author":"SA Hamarsheh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hamarsheh SA, Gro\u00df O, Brummer T, Zeiser R. Immune modulatory effects of oncogenic KRAS in cancer. Nat Commun. 2020;11(1):5439. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-020-19288-6.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"2","key":"534_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2009.05.046","volume":"138","author":"S Jaiswal","year":"2009","unstructured":"Jaiswal S, Jamieson CHM, Pang WW, Park CY, Chao MP, Majeti R, et al. CD47 is upregulated on circulating hematopoietic stem cells and leukemia cells to avoid phagocytosis. Cell. 2009;138(2):271\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2009.05.046.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"11","key":"534_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trecan.2017.09.006","volume":"3","author":"LL van der Woude","year":"2017","unstructured":"van der Woude LL, Gorris MAJ, Halilovic A, Figdor CG, de Vries IJM. Migrating into the Tumor: a Roadmap for T Cells. Trends Cancer. 2017;3(11):797\u2013808. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.trecan.2017.09.006.","journal-title":"Trends Cancer"},{"issue":"7577","key":"534_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1038\/nature15520","volume":"527","author":"D Peng","year":"2015","unstructured":"Peng D, Kryczek I, Nagarsheth N, Zhao L, Wei S, Wang W, et al. Epigenetic silencing of TH1-type chemokines shapes tumour immunity and immunotherapy. Nature. 2015;527(7577):249\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature15520.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"534_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2018.11.004","volume":"17","author":"NR Maimela","year":"2019","unstructured":"Maimela NR, Liu S, Zhang Y. Fates of CD8+ T cells in Tumor Microenvironment. Comput Struct Biotechnol J. 2019;17:1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.csbj.2018.11.004.","journal-title":"Comput Struct Biotechnol J"},{"issue":"3","key":"534_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.145","volume":"18","author":"Y Huang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Huang Y, Kim BYS, Chan CK, Hahn SM, Weissman IL, Jiang W. Improving immune\u2013vascular crosstalk for cancer immunotherapy. Nat Rev Immunol. 2018;18(3):195\u2013203. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nri.2017.145.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"534_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3081","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.03081","volume":"9","author":"M Georganaki","year":"2018","unstructured":"Georganaki M, van Hooren L, Dimberg A. Vascular Targeting to Increase the Efficiency of Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Cancer. Front Immunol. 2018;9:3081. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2018.03081.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"534_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.01.021","volume":"176","author":"RS Apte","year":"2019","unstructured":"Apte RS, Chen DS, Ferrara N. VEGF in Signaling and Disease: Beyond Discovery and Development. Cell. 2019;176(6):1248\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2019.01.021.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"8","key":"534_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-19-1409","volume":"10","author":"DY Torrejon","year":"2020","unstructured":"Torrejon DY, Abril-Rodriguez G, Champhekar AS, Tsoi J, Campbell KM, Kalbasi A, et al. Overcoming Genetically Based Resistance Mechanisms to PD-1 Blockade. Cancer Discov. 2020;10(8):1140\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-19-1409.","journal-title":"Cancer Discov"},{"key":"534_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Schr\u00f6rs B, L\u00fcbcke S, Lennerz V, Fatho M, Bicker A, W\u00f6lfel C, et al. HLA class I loss in metachronous metastases prevents continuous T cell recognition of mutated neoantigens in a human melanoma model. Oncotarget. 2017;8(17):28312\u201328327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18632\/oncotarget.16048","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.16048"},{"issue":"7","key":"534_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1016\/s0092-8674(05)80068-6","volume":"71","author":"L Van Kaer","year":"1992","unstructured":"Van Kaer L, Ashton-Rickardt PG, Ploegh HL, Tonegawa S. TAP1 mutant mice are deficient in antigen presentation, surface class I molecules, and CD4-8+ T cells. Cell. 1992;71(7):1205\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0092-8674(05)80068-6.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"2","key":"534_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2203","volume":"13","author":"EZ Kincaid","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kincaid EZ, Che JW, York I, Escobar H, Reyes-Vargas E, Delgado JC, et al. Mice completely lacking immunoproteasomes show major changes in antigen presentation. Nat Immunol. 2012;13(2):129\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ni.2203.","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"issue":"21","key":"534_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5452","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13215452","volume":"13","author":"MM Rahman","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rahman MM, McFadden G. Oncolytic Viruses: Newest Frontier for Cancer Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel). 2021;13(21):5452. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers13215452.","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"534_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2147\/CE.S54712","volume":"10","author":"JN Graff","year":"2015","unstructured":"Graff JN, Chamberlain ED. Sipuleucel-T in the treatment of prostate cancer: an evidence-based review of its place in therapy. Core Evid. 2015;10:1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/CE.S54712.","journal-title":"Core Evid"},{"issue":"8","key":"534_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31083\/j.fbl2908295","volume":"29","author":"MA Chakra","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chakra MA, Luo Y, Duquesne I, O\u2019Donnell MA. Update on the mechanism of action of intravesical BCG therapy to treat non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2024;29(8):295. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31083\/j.fbl2908295.","journal-title":"Front Biosci (Landmark Ed)"},{"issue":"9","key":"534_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1038\/s41585-020-0346-4","volume":"17","author":"JH van Puffelen","year":"2020","unstructured":"van Puffelen JH, Keating ST, Oosterwijk E, van der Heijden AG, Netea MG, Joosten LAB, et al. Trained immunity as a molecular mechanism for BCG immunotherapy in bladder cancer. Nat Rev Urol. 2020;17(9):513\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41585-020-0346-4.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Urol"},{"key":"534_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12031098","author":"T Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang T, Jou TH-T, Hsin J, Wang Z, Huang K, Ye J, et al. Talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC): a review of the recent advances in cancer therapy. J Clin Med. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm12031098.","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"534_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd4663","volume":"14","author":"HL Kaufman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kaufman HL, Kohlhapp FJ, Zloza A. Oncolytic viruses: a new class of immunotherapy drugs. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2015;14(9):642\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrd4663.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"issue":"6","key":"534_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2016.2064","volume":"3","author":"SE Lawler","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lawler SE, Speranza MC, Cho CF, Chiocca EA. Oncolytic Viruses in Cancer Treatment: A Review. JAMA Oncol. 2017;3(6):841\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaoncol.2016.2064.","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"534_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-15-2667","volume":"22","author":"FJ Kohlhapp","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kohlhapp FJ, Kaufman HL. Molecular Pathways: Mechanism of Action for Talimogene Laherparepvec, a New Oncolytic Virus Immunotherapy. Clin Cancer Res. 2016;22(5):1048\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-15-2667.","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"25","key":"534_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2780","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2014.58.3377","volume":"33","author":"RH Andtbacka","year":"2015","unstructured":"Andtbacka RH, Kaufman HL, Collichio F, Amatruda T, Senzer N, Chesney J, et al. Talimogene Laherparepvec Improves Durable Response Rate in Patients With Advanced Melanoma. J Clin Oncol. 2015;33(25):2780\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/JCO.2014.58.3377.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"17","key":"534_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2017.73.7379","volume":"36","author":"J Chesney","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chesney J, Puzanov I, Collichio F, Singh P, Milhem MM, Glaspy J, et al. Randomized, Open-Label Phase II Study Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Talimogene Laherparepvec in Combination With Ipilimumab Versus Ipilimumab Alone in Patients With Advanced. Unresectable Melanoma J Clin Oncol. 2018;36(17):1658\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/JCO.2017.73.7379.","journal-title":"Unresectable Melanoma J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"18","key":"534_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5493","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-18-2992","volume":"25","author":"DT Le","year":"2019","unstructured":"Le DT, Picozzi VJ, Ko AH, Wainberg ZA, Kindler H, Wang-Gillam A, et al. Results from a Phase IIb, Randomized, Multicenter Study of GVAX Pancreas and CRS-207 Compared with Chemotherapy in Adults with Previously Treated Metastatic Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma (ECLIPSE Study). Clin Cancer Res. 2019;25(18):5493\u2013502. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-18-2992.","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"534_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-0880-x","volume":"26","author":"B Bockorny","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bockorny B, Semenisty V, Macarulla T, Borazanci E, Wolpin BM, Stemmer SM, et al. BL-8040, a CXCR4 antagonist, in combination with pembrolizumab and chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer: the COMBAT trial. Nat Med. 2020;26(6):878\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41591-020-0880-x.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"534_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-018-0007-1","volume":"15","author":"KC Valkenburg","year":"2018","unstructured":"Valkenburg KC, de Groot AE, Pienta KJ. Targeting the tumour stroma to improve cancer therapy. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2018;15(6):366\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41571-018-0007-1.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"6382","key":"534_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aar6711","volume":"359","author":"CH June","year":"2018","unstructured":"June CH, O\u2019Connor RS, Kawalekar OU, Ghassemi S, Milone MC. CAR T cell immunotherapy for human cancer. Science. 2018;359(6382):1361\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aar6711.","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"12","key":"534_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2019.08.009","volume":"14","author":"T Sen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sen T, Della Corte CM, Milutinovic S, Cardnell RJ, Diao L, Ramkumar K, et al. Combination Treatment of the Oral CHK1 Inhibitor, SRA737, and Low-Dose Gemcitabine Enhances the Effect of Programmed Death Ligand 1 Blockade by Modulating the Immune Microenvironment in SCLC. J Thorac Oncol. 2019;14(12):2152\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtho.2019.08.009.","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"534_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3052","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-09-3690","volume":"70","author":"J Vincent","year":"2010","unstructured":"Vincent J, Mignot G, Chalmin F, Ladoire S, Bruchard M, Chevriaux A, et al. 5-Fluorouracil selectively kills tumor-associated myeloid-derived suppressor cells resulting in enhanced T cell-dependent antitumor immunity. Cancer Res. 2010;70(8):3052\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-09-3690.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"534_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2999","volume":"19","author":"M Bruchard","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bruchard M, Mignot G, Derang\u00e8re V, Chalmin F, Chevriaux A, V\u00e9gran F, et al. Chemotherapy-triggered cathepsin B release in myeloid-derived suppressor cells activates the Nlrp3 inflammasome and promotes tumor growth. Nat Med. 2013;19(1):57\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nm.2999.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"534_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3360","DOI":"10.12659\/msm.902426","volume":"23","author":"S Cui","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cui S. Immunogenic chemotherapy sensitizes renal cancer to immune checkpoint blockade therapy in preclinical models. Med Sci Monit. 2017;23:3360\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12659\/msm.902426.","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"issue":"5","key":"534_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2464","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1202781","volume":"190","author":"A Sevko","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sevko A, Michels T, Vrohling M, Umansky L, Beckhove P, Kato M, et al. Antitumor effect of paclitaxel is mediated by inhibition of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and chronic inflammation in the spontaneous melanoma model. J Immunol. 2013;190(5):2464\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.1202781.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"8","key":"534_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2808","volume":"10","author":"RA Flavell","year":"2010","unstructured":"Flavell RA, Sanjabi S, Wrzesinski SH, Licona-Lim\u00f3n P. The polarization of immune cells in the tumour environment by TGFbeta. Nat Rev Immunol. 2010;10(8):554\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nri2808.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"534_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a022236","author":"S Sanjabi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sanjabi S, Oh SA, Li MO. Regulation of the immune response by TGF-\u03b2: from conception to autoimmunity and infection. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/cshperspect.a022236.","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"534_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2019.03.024","volume":"50","author":"E Batlle","year":"2019","unstructured":"Batlle E, Massagu\u00e9 J. Transforming growth factor-\u03b2 signaling in immunity and cancer. Immunity. 2019;50(4):924\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.immuni.2019.03.024.","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"7","key":"534_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-018-0007-0","volume":"19","author":"CJ David","year":"2018","unstructured":"David CJ, Massagu\u00e9 J. Contextual determinants of TGF\u03b2 action in development, immunity and cancer. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2018;19(7):419\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41580-018-0007-0.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"issue":"12","key":"534_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2016.112","volume":"16","author":"W Chen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chen W, Dijke PT. Immunoregulation by members of the TGF\u03b2 superfamily. Nat Rev Immunol. 2016;16(12):723\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nri.2016.112.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"24","key":"534_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7106","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-16-1456","volume":"76","author":"A Metelli","year":"2016","unstructured":"Metelli A, Wu BX, Fugle CW, Rachidi S, Sun S, Zhang Y, et al. Surface Expression of TGF\u03b2 Docking Receptor GARP Promotes Oncogenesis and Immune Tolerance in Breast Cancer. Cancer Res. 2016;76(24):7106\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-16-1456.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"20","key":"534_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.122591","volume":"3","author":"N Takasaka","year":"2018","unstructured":"Takasaka N, Seed RI, Cormier A, Bondesson AJ, Lou J, Elattma A, et al. Integrin \u03b1v\u03b28-expressing tumor cells evade host immunity by regulating TGF-\u03b2 activation in immune cells. JCI Insight. 2018;3(20):e122591. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/jci.insight.122591.","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"534_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rachidi S, Metelli A, Riesenberg B, Wu BX, Nelson MH, Wallace C, et al. Platelets subvert T cell immunity against cancer via GARP-TGF\u03b2 axis. Sci Immunol. 2017;2(11):eaai7911. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciimmunol.aai7911","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aai7911"},{"issue":"6","key":"534_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1177\/0192623311416259","volume":"39","author":"MJ Anderton","year":"2011","unstructured":"Anderton MJ, Mellor HR, Bell A, Sadler C, Pass M, Powell S, et al. Induction of heart valve lesions by small-molecule ALK5 inhibitors. Toxicol Pathol. 2011;39(6):916\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0192623311416259.","journal-title":"Toxicol Pathol"},{"issue":"7693","key":"534_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1038\/nature25492","volume":"554","author":"DVF Tauriello","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tauriello DVF, Palomo-Ponce S, Stork D, Berenguer-Llergo A, Badia-Ramentol J, Iglesias M, et al. TGF\u03b2 drives immune evasion in genetically reconstituted colon cancer metastasis. Nature. 2018;554(7693):538\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature25492.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"534_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4479","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S86621","volume":"9","author":"S Herbertz","year":"2015","unstructured":"Herbertz S, Sawyer JS, Stauber AJ, Gueorguieva I, Driscoll KE, Estrem ST, et al. Clinical development of galunisertib (LY2157299 monohydrate), a small molecule inhibitor of transforming growth factor-beta signaling pathway. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2015;9:4479\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/DDDT.S86621.","journal-title":"Drug Des Devel Ther"},{"issue":"6","key":"534_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6659","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.23795","volume":"9","author":"JM Yingling","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yingling JM, McMillen WT, Yan L, Huang H, Sawyer JS, Graff J, et al. Preclinical assessment of galunisertib (LY2157299 monohydrate), a first-in-class transforming growth factor-\u03b2 receptor type I inhibitor. Oncotarget. 2018;9(6):6659\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18632\/oncotarget.23795.","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"2","key":"534_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-018-0080-4","volume":"20","author":"A Dongre","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dongre A, Weinberg RA. New insights into the mechanisms of epithelial\u2013mesenchymal transition and implications for cancer. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2019;20(2):69\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41580-018-0080-4.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"issue":"11","key":"534_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2767","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20112767","volume":"20","author":"Y Hao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hao Y, Baker D, Dijke PT. TGF-\u03b2-Mediated Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Cancer Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(11):2767. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms20112767.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"534_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2016.03.007","volume":"44","author":"VS Cortez","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cortez VS, Cervantes-Barragan L, Robinette ML, Bando JK, Wang Y, Geiger TL, et al. Transforming Growth Factor-\u03b2 Signaling Guides the Differentiation of Innate Lymphoid Cells in Salivary Glands. Immunity. 2016;44(5):1127\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.immuni.2016.03.007.","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"3","key":"534_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2017.09.027","volume":"36","author":"I Grenga","year":"2018","unstructured":"Grenga I, Donahue RN, Gargulak ML, Lepone LM, Roselli M, Bilusic M, et al. Anti-PD-L1\/TGF\u03b2R2 (M7824) fusion protein induces immunogenic modulation of human urothelial carcinoma cell lines, rendering them more susceptible to immune-mediated recognition and lysis. Urol Oncol. 2018;36(3):93.e1-93.e11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.urolonc.2017.09.027.","journal-title":"Urol Oncol"},{"issue":"43","key":"534_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75217","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.20680","volume":"8","author":"C Jochems","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jochems C, Tritsch SR, Pellom ST, Su Z, Soon-Shiong P, Wong HC, et al. Analyses of functions of an anti-PD-L1\/TGF\u03b2R2 bispecific fusion protein (M7824). Oncotarget. 2017;8(43):75217\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18632\/oncotarget.20680.","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"5","key":"534_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/2162402x.2018.1426519","volume":"7","author":"KM Knudson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Knudson KM, Hicks KC, Luo X, Chen JQ, Schlom J, Gameiro SR. M7824, a novel bifunctional anti-PD-L1\/TGF\u03b2 trap fusion protein, promotes anti-tumor efficacy as monotherapy and in combination with vaccine. Oncoimmunology. 2018;7(5):e1426519. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/2162402x.2018.1426519.","journal-title":"Oncoimmunology"},{"issue":"424","key":"534_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aan5488","volume":"10","author":"Y Lan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lan Y, Zhang D, Xu C, Hance KW, Marelli B, Qi J, et al. Enhanced preclinical antitumor activity of M7824, a bifunctional fusion protein simultaneously targeting PD-L1 and TGF-\u03b2. Sci Transl Med. 2018;10(424):eaan5488. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/scitranslmed.aan5488.","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"534_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-17-2653","volume":"24","author":"J Strauss","year":"2018","unstructured":"Strauss J, Heery CR, Schlom J, Madan RA, Cao L, Kang Z, et al. Phase I trial of M7824 (MSB0011359C), a bifunctional fusion protein targeting PD-L1 and TGF\u03b2, in advanced solid tumors. Clin Cancer Res. 2018;24(6):1287\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-17-2653.","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"534_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2019-000433","volume":"8","author":"H Lind","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lind H, Gameiro SR, Jochems C, Donahue RN, Strauss J, Gulley JL, et al. Dual targeting of TGF-\u03b2 and PD-L1 via a bifunctional anti-PD-L1\/TGF-\u03b2RII agent: status of preclinical and clinical advances. J Immunother Cancer. 2020;8(1):e000433. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jitc-2019-000433.","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"534_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1699","volume":"14","author":"RJ Buckanovich","year":"2008","unstructured":"Buckanovich RJ, Facciabene A, Kim S, Benencia F, Sasaroli D, Balint K, et al. Endothelin B receptor mediates the endothelial barrier to T cell homing to tumors and disables immune therapy. Nat Med. 2008;14(1):28\u201336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nm1699.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"534_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3541","volume":"20","author":"GT Motz","year":"2014","unstructured":"Motz GT, Santoro SP, Wang LP, Garrabrant T, Lastra RR, Hagemann IS, et al. Tumor endothelium FasL establishes a selective immune barrier promoting tolerance in tumors. Nat Med. 2014;20(6):607\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nm.3541.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"534_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4061\/2011\/816897","volume":"2011","author":"CP Escalante","year":"2011","unstructured":"Escalante CP, Zalpour A. Vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor-induced hypertension: basics for primary care providers. Cardiol Res Pract. 2011;2011:816897. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4061\/2011\/816897.","journal-title":"Cardiol Res Pract"},{"issue":"4","key":"534_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024532022166","volume":"5","author":"R Longo","year":"2002","unstructured":"Longo R, Sarmiento R, Fanelli M, Capaccetti B, Gattuso D, Gasparini G. Anti-angiogenic therapy: rationale, challenges and clinical studies. Angiogenesis. 2002;5(4):237\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/A:1024532022166.","journal-title":"Angiogenesis"},{"key":"534_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12624","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms12624","volume":"7","author":"JJ Wallin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wallin JJ, Bendell JC, Funke R, Sznol M, Korski K, Jones S, et al. Atezolizumab in combination with bevacizumab enhances antigen-specific T-cell migration in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Nat Commun. 2016;7:12624. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ncomms12624.","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"11","key":"534_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2006.11.015","volume":"28","author":"T Shih","year":"2006","unstructured":"Shih T, Lindley C. Bevacizumab: an angiogenesis inhibitor for the treatment of solid malignancies. Clin Ther. 2006;28(11):1779\u2013802. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinthera.2006.11.015.","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"issue":"10","key":"534_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2610","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI24612","volume":"116","author":"MR Mancuso","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mancuso MR, Davis R, Norberg SM, O\u2019Brien S, Sennino B, Nakahara T, et al. Rapid vascular regrowth in tumors after reversal of VEGF inhibition. J Clin Invest. 2006;116(10):2610\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/JCI24612.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"18","key":"534_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5341","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-07-0847","volume":"13","author":"HMW Verheul","year":"2007","unstructured":"Verheul HMW, Lolkema MPJ, Qian DZ, Hilkes YHA, Liapi E, Akkerman JWN, et al. Platelets take up the monoclonal antibody bevacizumab. Clin Cancer Res. 2007;13(18):5341\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-07-0847.","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"534_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1007\/s00280-007-0664-8","volume":"62","author":"JF Lu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lu JF, Bruno R, Eppler S, Novotny W, Lum B, Gaudreault J. Clinical pharmacokinetics of bevacizumab in patients with solid tumors. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2008;62(5):779\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00280-007-0664-8.","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"534_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)37962-5","volume":"288","author":"YS Lin","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lin YS, Nguyen C, Mendoza JL, Escandon E, Fei D, Meng YG, et al. Preclinical pharmacokinetics, interspecies scaling, and tissue distribution of a humanized monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999;288(1):371\u20138.","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"issue":"10","key":"534_CR143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2310","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.23404","volume":"122","author":"TH Stollman","year":"2008","unstructured":"Stollman TH, Scheer MG, Leenders WP, Verrijp KC, Soede AC, Oyen WJ, et al. Specific imaging of VEGF-A expression with radiolabeled anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody. Int J Cancer. 2008;122(10):2310\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ijc.23404.","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"534_CR144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1097\/PPO.0b013e318172d71a","volume":"14","author":"L Yan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Yan L, Hsu K, Beckman RA. Antibody-based therapy for solid tumors. Cancer J. 2008;14(3):178\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PPO.0b013e318172d71a.","journal-title":"Cancer J"},{"issue":"6","key":"534_CR145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1203\/01.PDR.0000145280.26284.B9","volume":"56","author":"H Kariyazono","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kariyazono H, Ohno T, Khajoee V, Ihara K, Kusuhara K, Kinukawa N, et al. Association of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptor gene polymorphisms with coronary artery lesions of Kawasaki disease. Pediatr Res. 2004;56(6):953\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1203\/01.PDR.0000145280.26284.B9.","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"534_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4349","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.072586399","volume":"99","author":"J Tran","year":"2002","unstructured":"Tran J, Master Z, Yu JL, Rak J, Dumont DJ, Kerbel RS. A role for survivin in chemoresistance of endothelial cells mediated by VEGF. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002;99(7):4349\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.072586399.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"534_CR147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.00387","volume":"10","author":"H Zhou","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhou H, Fu X, Li Q, Niu T. Safety and efficacy of anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies in patients with relapsed or refractory lymphoma: a meta-analysis of prospective clinical trials. Front Pharmacol. 2019;10:387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2019.00387.","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"11","key":"534_CR148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3887","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05481.x","volume":"11","author":"Y Ishida","year":"1992","unstructured":"Ishida Y, Agata Y, Shibahara K, Honjo T. Induced expression of PD-1, a novel member of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily, upon programmed cell death. EMBO J. 1992;11(11):3887\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05481.x.","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"issue":"8","key":"534_CR149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1038\/nm730","volume":"8","author":"H Dong","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dong H, Strome SE, Salomao DR, Tamura H, Hirano F, Flies DB, et al. Tumor-associated B7\u2013H1 promotes T-cell apoptosis: a potential mechanism of immune evasion. Nat Med. 2002;8(8):793\u2013800. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nm730.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"127","key":"534_CR150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3003689","volume":"4","author":"JM Taube","year":"2012","unstructured":"Taube JM, Anders RA, Young GD, Xu H, Sharma R, McMiller TL, et al. Colocalization of inflammatory response with B7-h1 expression in human melanocytic lesions supports an adaptive resistance mechanism of immune escape. Sci Transl Med. 2012;4(127):127ra37. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/scitranslmed.3003689.","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"534_CR151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.193.7.839","volume":"193","author":"SY Tseng","year":"2001","unstructured":"Tseng SY, Otsuji M, Gorski K, Huang X, Slansky JE, Pai SI, et al. B7-DC, a new dendritic cell molecule with potent costimulatory properties for T cells. J Exp Med. 2001;193(7):839\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1084\/jem.193.7.839.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"534_CR152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-2478(02)00142-6","volume":"84","author":"M Ishida","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ishida M, Iwai Y, Tanaka Y, Okazaki T, Freeman GJ, Minato N, et al. Differential expression of PD-L1 and PD-L2, ligands for an inhibitory receptor PD-1, in the cells of lymphohematopoietic tissues. Immunol Lett. 2002;84(1):57\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0165-2478(02)00142-6.","journal-title":"Immunol Lett"},{"issue":"12","key":"534_CR153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb.3129","volume":"22","author":"G Scapin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Scapin G, Yang X, Prosise WW, McCoy M, Reichert P, Johnston JM, et al. Structure of full-length human anti-PD1 therapeutic IgG4 antibody pembrolizumab. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2015;22(12):953\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nsmb.3129.","journal-title":"Nat Struct Mol Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"534_CR154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.2146\/ajhp140768","volume":"73","author":"IN Ivashko","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ivashko IN, Kolesar JM. Pembrolizumab and nivolumab: PD-1 inhibitors for advanced melanoma. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2016;73(4):193\u2013201. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2146\/ajhp140768.","journal-title":"Am J Health Syst Pharm"},{"issue":"8","key":"534_CR155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3011","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0712278105","volume":"105","author":"DY Lin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lin DY, Tanaka Y, Iwasaki M, Gittis AG, Su HP, Mikami B, et al. The PD-1\/PD-L1 complex resembles the antigen-binding Fv domains of antibodies and T cell receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008;105(8):3011\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0712278105.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"12","key":"534_CR156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.str.2015.09.010","volume":"23","author":"KM Zak","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zak KM, Kitel R, Przetocka S, Golik P, Guzik K, Musielak B, et al. Structure of the complex of human programmed death 1, PD-1, and its ligand PD-L1. Structure. 2015;23(12):2341\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.str.2015.09.010.","journal-title":"Structure"},{"issue":"9","key":"534_CR157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8091083","volume":"8","author":"MZ Noman","year":"2019","unstructured":"Noman MZ, et al. Improving cancer immunotherapy by targeting the hypoxic tumor microenvironment: new opportunities and challenges. Cells. 2019;8(9):1083. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells8091083.","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"11","key":"534_CR158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgg132","volume":"24","author":"KM Zak","year":"2003","unstructured":"Zak KM, Kitel R, Przetocka S, Golik P, Guzik K, Musielak B, et al. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha polymorphisms associated with enhanced transactivation capacity, implying clinical significance. Carcinogenesis. 2003;24(11):1779\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/carcin\/bgg132.","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"issue":"9","key":"534_CR159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1016\/s0969-2126(98)00116-6","volume":"6","author":"YA Muller","year":"1998","unstructured":"Muller YA, Chen Y, Christinger HW, Li B, Cunningham BC, Lowman HB, et al. VEGF and the Fab fragment of a humanized neutralizing antibody: crystal structure of the complex at 2.4 A resolution and mutational analysis of the interface. Structure. 1998;6(9):1153\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0969-2126(98)00116-6.","journal-title":"Structure"},{"issue":"10","key":"534_CR160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-020-0382-2","volume":"17","author":"B Allard","year":"2020","unstructured":"Allard B, Allard D, Buisseret L, Stagg J. The adenosine pathway in immuno-oncology. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2020;17(10):611\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41571-020-0382-2.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"12","key":"534_CR161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3613","volume":"13","author":"L Antonioli","year":"2013","unstructured":"Antonioli L, Blandizzi C, Pacher P, Hask\u00f3 G. Immunity, inflammation and cancer: a leading role for adenosine. Nat Rev Cancer. 2013;13(12):842\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrc3613.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"issue":"17","key":"534_CR162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4684","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-17-0393","volume":"77","author":"A Young","year":"2017","unstructured":"Young A, Ngiow SF, Madore J, Reinhardt J, Landsberg J, Chitsazan A, et al. Targeting Adenosine in BRAF-Mutant Melanoma Reduces Tumor Growth and Metastasis. Cancer Res. 2017;77(17):4684\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-17-0393.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"534_CR163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2016.225","volume":"36","author":"S Chouaib","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chouaib S, Noman MZ, Kosmatopoulos K, Curran MA. Hypoxic stress: obstacles and opportunities for innovative immunotherapy of cancer. Oncogene. 2017;36(4):439\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/onc.2016.225.","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"534_CR164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Francis A, Venkatesh JH, Zaarour RF, Schurch CM, Chouaib S, Terry S, et al. Tumor hypoxia: a key determinant of microenvironment hostility and a major checkpoint during the antitumor response. Cri Rev\u2122 Immunol. 2018;38(6).:505\u2013524. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1615\/CritRevImmunol.2019030168","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevImmunol.2019030168"},{"issue":"10","key":"534_CR165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2756","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201343448","volume":"43","author":"M Balsamo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Balsamo M, Manzini C, Pietra G, Raggi F, Blengio F, Mingari MC, et al. Hypoxia downregulates the expression of activating receptors involved in NK-cell-mediated target cell killing without affecting ADCC. Eur J Immunol. 2013;43(10):2756\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eji.201343448.","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"issue":"3","key":"534_CR166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2015.02.009","volume":"42","author":"S Labiano","year":"2015","unstructured":"Labiano S, Palazon A, Melero I. Immune response regulation in the tumor microenvironment by hypoxia. Semin Oncol. 2015;42(3):378\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2015.02.009.","journal-title":"Semin Oncol"},{"issue":"10","key":"534_CR167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3044","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19103044","volume":"19","author":"S Terry","year":"2018","unstructured":"Terry S, Zaarour RF, Venkatesh JH, Hassan V, Bucur M, Michels J, et al. Role of Hypoxic Stress in Regulating Tumor Immunogenicity, Resistance and Plasticity. Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19(10):3044. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms19103044.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"534_CR168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lazarus D, Peters C, Stockmann A, Eliasof S, Jayaraman L. CRLX101, an investigational nanoparticle-drug conjugate of camptothecin, demonstrates synergy with immunotherapy agents in preclinical models. Cancer Res. 2016;76(14_Supplement):3209\u20133209. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1538-7445.AM2016-3209","DOI":"10.1158\/1538-7445.AM2016-3209"},{"issue":"4","key":"534_CR169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1404","DOI":"10.1002\/med.21477","volume":"38","author":"D Bhattarai","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bhattarai D, Xu X, Lee K. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) inhibitors from the last decade (2007 to 2016): A \u201cstructure-activity relationship\u201d perspective. Med Res Rev. 2018;38(4):1404\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/med.21477.","journal-title":"Med Res Rev"},{"key":"534_CR170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/s40883-019-00113-6","volume":"6","author":"N Parayath","year":"2020","unstructured":"Parayath N, Padmakumar S, Nair SV, Menon D, Amiji MM. Strategies for targeting cancer immunotherapy through modulation of the tumor microenvironment. Regen Eng Transl Med. 2020;6:29\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40883-019-00113-6.","journal-title":"Regen Eng Transl Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"534_CR171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2016.79","volume":"114","author":"FW Hunter","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hunter FW, Wouters BG, Wilson WR. Hypoxia-activated prodrugs: paths forward in the era of personalised medicine. Br J Cancer. 2016;114(10):1071\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/bjc.2016.79.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"issue":"11","key":"534_CR172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5137","DOI":"10.1172\/jci96268","volume":"128","author":"P Jayaprakash","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jayaprakash P, Ai M, Liu A, Budhani P, Bartkowiak T, Sheng J, et al. Targeted hypoxia reduction restores T cell infiltration and sensitizes prostate cancer to immunotherapy. J Clin Invest. 2018;128(11):5137\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/jci96268.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"4","key":"534_CR173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2011.11.101","volume":"187","author":"K Hendricksen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hendricksen K, Cornel EB, de Reijke TM, Arentsen HC, Chawla S, Witjes JA. Phase 2 Study of Adjuvant Intravesical Instillations of Apaziquone for High Risk Nonmuscle Invasive Bladder Cancer. J Urol. 2012;187(4):1195\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.juro.2011.11.101.","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"534_CR174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2020.01.003","volume":"65","author":"RA Khouzam","year":"2020","unstructured":"Khouzam RA, Goutham HV, Zaarour RF, Chamseddine AN, Francis A, Buart S, et al. Integrating tumor hypoxic stress in novel and more adaptable strategies for cancer immunotherapy. Semin Cancer Biol. 2020;65:140\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.semcancer.2020.01.003.","journal-title":"Semin Cancer Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"534_CR175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2015.03.014","volume":"27","author":"RD Leone","year":"2015","unstructured":"Leone RD, Horton MR, Powell JD. Something in the air: hyperoxic conditioning of the tumor microenvironment for enhanced immunotherapy. Cancer Cell. 2015;27(4):435\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ccell.2015.03.014.","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"issue":"1","key":"534_CR176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.Cir-16-0103","volume":"5","author":"NE Scharping","year":"2017","unstructured":"Scharping NE, Menk AV, Whetstone RD, Zeng X, Delgoffe GM. Efficacy of PD-1 Blockade Is Potentiated by Metformin-Induced Reduction of Tumor Hypoxia. Cancer Immunol Res. 2017;5(1):9\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/2326-6066.Cir-16-0103.","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Res"},{"key":"534_CR177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2017.04.012","volume":"87","author":"J Dunn","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dunn J, Rao S. Epigenetics and immunotherapy: The current state of play. Mol Immunol. 2017;87:227\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molimm.2017.04.012.","journal-title":"Mol Immunol"},{"issue":"11","key":"534_CR178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5365","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.58390","volume":"11","author":"YT Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu YT, Sun ZJ. Turning cold tumors into hot tumors by improving T-cell infiltration. Theranostics. 2021;11(11):5365\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7150\/thno.58390.","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"534_CR179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00783","volume":"11","author":"A Hou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hou A, Hou K, Huang Q, Lei Y, Chen W. Targeting Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell, a Promising Strategy to Overcome Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors. Front Immunol. 2020;11:783. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00783.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"8","key":"534_CR180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5791","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.8.5791","volume":"181","author":"JI Youn","year":"2008","unstructured":"Youn JI, Nagaraj S, Collazo M, Gabrilovich DI. Subsets of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in tumor-bearing mice. J Immunol. 2008;181(8):5791\u2013802. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.181.8.5791.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"534_CR181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1172\/jci31422","volume":"117","author":"A Sica","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sica A, Bronte V. Altered macrophage differentiation and immune dysfunction in tumor development. J Clin Invest. 2007;117(5):1155\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/jci31422.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"4","key":"534_CR182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/2162402x.2018.1564505","volume":"8","author":"E Limagne","year":"2019","unstructured":"Limagne E, Richard C, Thibaudin M, Fumet JD, Truntzer C, Lagrange A, et al. Tim-3\/galectin-9 pathway and mMDSC control primary and secondary resistances to PD-1 blockade in lung cancer patients. Oncoimmunology. 2019;8(4):e1564505. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/2162402x.2018.1564505.","journal-title":"Oncoimmunology"},{"issue":"4","key":"534_CR183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1568","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-06-031856","volume":"109","author":"PC Rodriguez","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rodriguez PC, Quiceno DG, Ochoa AC. L-arginine availability regulates T-lymphocyte cell-cycle progression. Blood. 2007;109(4):1568\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1182\/blood-2006-06-031856.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"1","key":"534_CR184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-09-2587","volume":"70","author":"MK Srivastava","year":"2010","unstructured":"Srivastava MK, Sinha P, Clements VK, Rodriguez P, Ostrand-Rosenberg S. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells inhibit T-cell activation by depleting cystine and cysteine. Cancer Res. 2010;70(1):68\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-09-2587.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"534_CR185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1609","volume":"13","author":"S Nagaraj","year":"2007","unstructured":"Nagaraj S, Gupta K, Pisarev V, Kinarsky L, Sherman S, Kang L, et al. Altered recognition of antigen is a mechanism of CD8+ T cell tolerance in cancer. Nat Med. 2007;13(7):828\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nm1609.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"534_CR186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc.2017.51","volume":"17","author":"M De Palma","year":"2017","unstructured":"De Palma M, Biziato D, Petrova TV. Microenvironmental regulation of tumour angiogenesis. Nat Rev Cancer. 2017;17(8):457\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrc.2017.51.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"issue":"1","key":"534_CR187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc.2016.108","volume":"17","author":"J Shi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shi J, Kantoff PW, Wooster R, Farokhzad OC. Cancer nanomedicine: progress, challenges and opportunities. Nat Rev Cancer. 2017;17(1):20\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrc.2016.108.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"534_CR188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-018-0006-z","volume":"18","author":"RS Riley","year":"2019","unstructured":"Riley RS, June CH, Langer R, Mitchell MJ. Delivery technologies for cancer immunotherapy. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2019;18(3):175\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41573-018-0006-z.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"issue":"3","key":"534_CR189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2008.30","volume":"3","author":"W Jiang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jiang W, Kim BY, Rutka JT, Chan WC. Nanoparticle-mediated cellular response is size-dependent. Nat Nanotechnol. 2008;3(3):145\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nnano.2008.30.","journal-title":"Nat Nanotechnol"},{"issue":"12","key":"534_CR190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3380","volume":"12","author":"DV Krysko","year":"2012","unstructured":"Krysko DV, Garg AD, Kaczmarek A, Krysko O, Agostinis P, Vandenabeele P. Immunogenic cell death and DAMPs in cancer therapy. Nat Rev Cancer. 2012;12(12):860\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrc3380.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"534_CR191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2016.107","volume":"17","author":"L Galluzzi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Galluzzi L, Buqu\u00e9 A, Kepp O, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G. Immunogenic cell death in cancer and infectious disease. Nat Rev Immunol. 2017;17(2):97\u2013111. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nri.2016.107.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"11","key":"534_CR192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat3776","volume":"12","author":"S Mura","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mura S, Nicolas J, Couvreur P. Stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for drug delivery. Nat Mater. 2013;12(11):991\u20131003. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nmat3776.","journal-title":"Nat Mater"},{"issue":"6","key":"534_CR193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.accounts.9b00148","volume":"52","author":"Y Shi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shi Y, Lammers T. Combining Nanomedicine and Immunotherapy. Acc Chem Res. 2019;52(6):1543\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.accounts.9b00148.","journal-title":"Acc Chem Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"534_CR194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-019-0269-6","volume":"20","author":"DJ Irvine","year":"2020","unstructured":"Irvine DJ, Dane EL. Enhancing cancer immunotherapy with nanomedicine. Nat Rev Immunol. 2020;20(5):321\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41577-019-0269-6.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"534_CR195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-019-0566-2","volume":"19","author":"S Sindhwani","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sindhwani S, Syed AM, Ngai J, Kingston BR, Maiorino L, Rothschild J, et al. The entry of nanoparticles into solid tumours. Nat Mater. 2020;19(5):566\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41563-019-0566-2.","journal-title":"Nat Mater"},{"issue":"11","key":"534_CR196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-020-0410-2","volume":"17","author":"X Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li X, Lovell JF, Yoon J, Chen X. Clinical development and potential of photothermal and photodynamic therapies for cancer. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2020;17(11):657\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41571-020-0410-2.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"534_CR197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1003466","volume":"363","author":"FS Hodi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hodi FS, O\u2019Day SJ, McDermott DF, Weber RW, Sosman JA, Haanen JB, et al. Improved survival with ipilimumab in patients with metastatic melanoma. N Engl J Med. 2010;363(8):711\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1003466.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"534_CR198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1412082","volume":"372","author":"C Robert","year":"2015","unstructured":"Robert C, Long GV, Brady B, Dutriaux C, Maio M, Mortier L, et al. Nivolumab in previously untreated melanoma without BRAF mutation. N Engl J Med. 2015;372(4):320\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1412082.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"19","key":"534_CR199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202000214","volume":"16","author":"S Bai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bai S, Wang Y, Zhang T, Zhao S, Li Y, Qin Z, et al. Prodrug-Based Versatile Nanomedicine for Enhancing Cancer Immunotherapy by Increasing Immunogenic Cell Death. Small. 2020;16(19):e2000214. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/smll.202000214.","journal-title":"Small"},{"issue":"8","key":"534_CR200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neo.2015.08.004","volume":"17","author":"J Rios-Doria","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rios-Doria J, Durham N, Wetzel L, Rothstein R, Chesebrough J, Holoweckyj N, et al. Doxil synergizes with cancer immunotherapies to enhance antitumor responses in syngeneic mouse models. Neoplasia. 2015;17(8):661\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neo.2015.08.004.","journal-title":"Neoplasia"},{"issue":"3","key":"534_CR201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3089","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.7b00078","volume":"11","author":"Y Zheng","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zheng Y, Tang L, Mabardi L, Kumari S, Irvine DJ. Enhancing Adoptive Cell Therapy of Cancer through Targeted Delivery of Small-Molecule Immunomodulators to Internalizing or Noninternalizing Receptors. ACS Nano. 2017;11(3):3089\u2013100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsnano.7b00078.","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"534_CR202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ni Q, Zhang F, Liu Y, Wang Z, Yu G, Liang B, et al. A bi-adjuvant nanovaccine that potentiates immunogenicity of neoantigen for combination immunotherapy of colorectal cancer. Sci Adv. 2020;6(12):eaaw6071. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.aaw6071","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aaw6071"},{"key":"534_CR203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Han X, Shen S, Fan Q, Kuang Y, Li J, Wang Z, et al. Red blood cell-derived nanoerythrosome for antigen delivery with enhanced cancer immunotherapy. Sci Adv. 2019;5(10):eaaw6870. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.aaw6870","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aaw6870"},{"issue":"48","key":"534_CR204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202004481","volume":"32","author":"Y Sun","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sun Y, Zhang Y, Gao Y, Geng X, Wang H, Ding J, et al. Six Birds with One Stone: Versatile Nanoporphyrin for Single-Laser-Triggered Synergistic Phototheranostics and Robust Immune Activation. Adv Mater. 2020;32(48):e2004481. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adma.202004481.","journal-title":"Adv Mater"},{"issue":"11","key":"534_CR205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2016.168","volume":"11","author":"S Zanganeh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zanganeh S, Hutter G, Spitler R, Lenkov O, Mahmoudi M, Shaw A, et al. Iron oxide nanoparticles inhibit tumour growth by inducing pro-inflammatory macrophage polarization in tumour tissues. Nat Nanotechnol. 2016;11(11):986\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nnano.2016.168.","journal-title":"Nat Nanotechnol"},{"issue":"8","key":"534_CR206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8811","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.9b01979","volume":"13","author":"X Liu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu X, Zheng J, Sun W, Zhao X, Li Y, Gong N, et al. Ferrimagnetic Vortex Nanoring-Mediated Mild Magnetic Hyperthermia Imparts Potent Immunological Effect for Treating Cancer Metastasis. ACS Nano. 2019;13(8):8811\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsnano.9b01979.","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"11","key":"534_CR207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/36\/11\/009","volume":"36","author":"GT Haar","year":"1991","unstructured":"Haar GT, Rivens I, Chen L, Riddler S. High intensity focused ultrasound for the treatment of rat tumours. Physics Med Biol. 1991;36(11):1495\u2013501. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/0031-9155\/36\/11\/009.","journal-title":"Physics Med Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"534_CR208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.07.2671","volume":"190","author":"TJ Dubinsky","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dubinsky TJ, Cuevas C, Dighe MK, Kolokythas O, Hwang JH. High-intensity focused ultrasound: current potential and oncologic applications. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2008;190(1):191\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/ajr.07.2671.","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"534_CR209","first-page":"823","volume":"20","author":"H Si","year":"2003","unstructured":"Si H, Xiang L, Wang Z, Li Y, Wang Z. Immune changes in bone neoplasm rabbits transplanted with VX2 before and after high-intensity focused ultrasound therapy. Chin J Exp Surg. 2003;20:823\u20134.","journal-title":"Chin J Exp Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"534_CR210","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.5306\/wjco.v2.i1.8","volume":"2","author":"YF Zhou","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zhou YF. High intensity focused ultrasound in clinical tumor ablation. World J Clin Oncol. 2011;2(1):8\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5306\/wjco.v2.i1.8.","journal-title":"World J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"7607","key":"534_CR211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1038\/nature18300","volume":"534","author":"LM Kranz","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kranz LM, et al. Systemic RNA delivery to dendritic cells exploits antiviral defence for cancer immunotherapy. Nature. 2016;534(7607):396\u2013401. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature18300.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"8","key":"534_CR212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2017.57","volume":"12","author":"TT Smith","year":"2017","unstructured":"Smith TT, Stephan SB, Moffett HF, McKnight LE, Ji W, Reiman D, et al. In situ programming of leukaemia-specific T cells using synthetic DNA nanocarriers. Nat Nanotechnol. 2017;12(8):813\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nnano.2017.57.","journal-title":"Nat Nanotechnol"},{"issue":"3","key":"534_CR213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2011.06.004","volume":"155","author":"HC Huang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Huang HC, Barua S, Sharma G, Dey SK, Rege K. Inorganic nanoparticles for cancer imaging and therapy. J Control Release. 2011;155(3):344\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jconrel.2011.06.004.","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"534_CR214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2018.01.034","volume":"539","author":"A Pugazhendhi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pugazhendhi A, Edison TNJI, Karuppusamy I, Kathirvel B. Inorganic nanoparticles: A potential cancer therapy for human welfare. Int J Pharm. 2018;539(1\u20132):104\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2018.01.034.","journal-title":"Int J Pharm"},{"issue":"1","key":"534_CR215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/s40820-022-00894-6","volume":"14","author":"S Bai","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bai S, Lan Y, Fu S, Cheng H, Lu Z, Liu G. Connecting Calcium-Based Nanomaterials and Cancer: From Diagnosis to Therapy. Nanomicro Lett. 2022;14(1):145. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40820-022-00894-6.","journal-title":"Nanomicro Lett"},{"key":"534_CR216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmats.2021.788373","volume":"8","author":"Z Sun","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sun Z, Li W, Lenzo JC, O\u2019Brien CM, Huo J, An H, et al. The Potential of Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles as Adjuvants and Vaccine Delivery Vehicles. Front Mater. 2021;8:788373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmats.2021.788373.","journal-title":"Front Mater"},{"issue":"10","key":"534_CR217","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1508","DOI":"10.1039\/d1tb02721B","volume":"10","author":"J Yao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yao J, Peng H, Qiu Y, Li X, Wang Z, Zhang L, et al. Nanoplatform-mediated calcium overload for cancer therapy. J Mater Chem B. 2022;10(10):1508\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/d1tb02721B.","journal-title":"J Mater Chem B"},{"key":"534_CR218","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20220308","DOI":"10.1515\/rams-2022-0308","volume":"62","author":"XHX Wu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wu XHX, Guo Y, Liu Q, Sun R, Wen Z, Dai C. Application prospect of calcium peroxide nanoparticles in biomedical field. Rev Adv Mater Sci. 2023;62:20220308. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/rams-2022-0308.","journal-title":"Rev Adv Mater Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"534_CR219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2209291","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202209291","volume":"33","author":"Y Xiao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xiao Y, Li Z, Bianco A, Ma B. Recent advances in calcium-based anticancer nanomaterials exploiting calcium overload to trigger cell apoptosis. Adv Funct Mater. 2023;33(3):2209291. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adfm.202209291.","journal-title":"Adv Funct Mater"},{"key":"534_CR220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fadia P, Tyagi S, Bhagat S, Gupta S, Kumar S, Singh M, et al. Calcium carbonate nano- and microparticles: synthesis methods and biological applications. 3 Biotech. 2021;11(11):457. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13205-021-02995-2","DOI":"10.1007\/s13205-021-02995-2"},{"issue":"4","key":"534_CR221","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1080\/17425247.2019.1587408","volume":"16","author":"SM Dizaj","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dizaj SM, Sharifi S, Ahmadian E, Eftekhari A, Adibkia K, Lotfipour F. An update on calcium carbonate nanoparticles as cancer drug\/gene delivery system. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2019;16(4):331\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17425247.2019.1587408.","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Deliv"},{"key":"534_CR222","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2023.215050","volume":"481","author":"LXY Kang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kang LXY, Dong J, Huang Y, Yuan X, Li R, Chen L, et al. Calcium-based nanotechnology for cancer therapy. Coord Chem Rev. 2023;481:215050. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ccr.2023.215050.","journal-title":"Coord Chem Rev"},{"key":"534_CR223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultras.2020.106198","volume":"108","author":"H Huang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Huang H, Zhang W, Liu Z, Guo H, Zhang P. Smart responsive-calcium carbonate nanoparticles for dual-model cancer imaging and treatment. Ultrasonics. 2020;108:106198. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ultras.2020.106198.","journal-title":"Ultrasonics"},{"issue":"11","key":"534_CR224","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nano9111570","volume":"9","author":"TJ Levingstone","year":"2019","unstructured":"Levingstone TJ, Herbaj S, Dunne NJ. Calcium phosphate nanoparticles for therapeutic applications in bone regeneration. Nanomaterials (Basel). 2019;9(11):1570. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nano9111570.","journal-title":"Nanomaterials (Basel)"},{"issue":"1","key":"534_CR225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-022-01731-z","volume":"20","author":"P Zhao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhao P, Tian Y, Lu Y, Chen Y, Li X, Liu J, et al. Biomimetic calcium carbonate nanoparticles delivered IL-12 mRNA for targeted glioblastoma sono-immunotherapy by ultrasound-induced necroptosis. J Nanobiotechnology. 2022;20(1):525. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12951-022-01731-z.","journal-title":"J Nanobiotechnology"},{"issue":"7","key":"534_CR226","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2022.04.010","volume":"43","author":"J Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang J, Huang D, Saw PE, Song E. Turning cold tumors hot: from molecular mechanisms to clinical applications. Trends Immunol. 2022;43(7):523\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.it.2022.04.010.","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"534_CR227","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2015.10.009","volume":"39","author":"DH Munn","year":"2016","unstructured":"Munn DH, Bronte V. Immune suppressive mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment. Curr Opin Immunol. 2016;39:1\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.coi.2015.10.009.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"534_CR228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-021-00564-3","volume":"19","author":"FG Dall'Olio","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dall\u2019Olio FG, Marabelle A, Caramella C, Besse B, Soria JC, Facchinetti F, et al. Tumour burden and efficacy of immune-checkpoint inhibitors. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2022;19(2):75\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41571-021-00564-3.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"534_CR229","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-021-00547-6","volume":"22","author":"EC Morris","year":"2022","unstructured":"Morris EC, Neelapu SS, Giavridis T, Sadelain M. Cytokine release syndrome and associated neurotoxicity in cancer immunotherapy. Nat Rev Immunol. 2022;22(2):85\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41577-021-00547-6.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"534_CR230","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-021-00786-6","volume":"19","author":"X Zheng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zheng X, Wu Y, Bi J, Zou S, Wang H, Liu J, et al. The use of supercytokines, immunocytokines, engager cytokines, and other synthetic cytokines in immunotherapy. Cell Mol Immunol. 2022;19(2):192\u2013209. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41423-021-00786-6.","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"issue":"21","key":"534_CR231","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.09.020","volume":"184","author":"G Morad","year":"2021","unstructured":"Morad G, Helmink BA, Sharma P, Wargo JA. Hallmarks of response, resistance, and toxicity to immune checkpoint blockade. Cell. 2021;184(21):5309\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2021.09.020.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"3","key":"534_CR232","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.20892\/j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0106","volume":"17","author":"J Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang J, Zhao H, Xu Z, Cheng X. Zinc dysregulation in cancers and its potential as a therapeutic target. Cancer Biol Med. 2020;17(3):612\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20892\/j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0106.","journal-title":"Cancer Biol Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"534_CR233","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2004.08.003","volume":"1739","author":"A Nasulewicz","year":"2004","unstructured":"Nasulewicz A, Wietryzk J, Wolf F, Driessens G, Braud VM, Simons P, et al. Magnesium deficiency inhibits primary tumor growth but favors metastasis in mice. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2004;1739(1):26\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbadis.2004.08.003.","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"issue":"8","key":"534_CR234","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2836","volume":"10","author":"MI Hood","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hood MI, Skaar EP. Nutritional immunity: transition metals at the pathogen-host interface. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2012;10(8):525\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrmicro2836.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"534_CR235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.ai.2019.11.007","volume":"145","author":"C Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang C, Zhang R, Wei X, Lv M, Jiang Z. Metalloimmunology: The metal ion-controlled immunity. Adv Immunol. 2020;145:187\u2013241. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/bs.ai.2019.11.007.","journal-title":"Adv Immunol"},{"issue":"7","key":"534_CR236","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2014.05.001","volume":"35","author":"B Chaigne-Delalande","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chaigne-Delalande B, Lenardo MJ. Divalent cation signaling in immune cells. Trends Immunol. 2014;35(7):332\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.it.2014.05.001.","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"534_CR237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-021-00669-w","volume":"18","author":"R Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang R, Wang C, Guan Y, Wei X, Sha M, Yi M, et al. Manganese salts function as potent adjuvants. Cell Mol Immunol. 2021;18(5):1222\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41423-021-00669-w.","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"issue":"11","key":"534_CR238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-020-00395-4","volume":"30","author":"M Lv","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lv M, Chen M, Zhang R, Zhang W, Wang C, Zhang Y, et al. Manganese is critical for antitumor immune responses via cGAS-STING and improves the efficacy of clinical immunotherapy. Cell Res. 2020;30(11):966\u201379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41422-020-00395-4.","journal-title":"Cell Res"},{"issue":"41","key":"534_CR239","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202206915","volume":"34","author":"L Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang L, Zhao J, Hu X, Chen S, Wang Y, Zhang Y, et al. A Peritumorally Injected Immunomodulating Adjuvant Elicits Robust and Safe Metalloimmunotherapy against Solid Tumors. Adv Mater. 2022;34(41):e2206915. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adma.202206915.","journal-title":"Adv Mater"},{"issue":"49","key":"534_CR240","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202104037","volume":"33","author":"D Cen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cen D, Ge Q, Xie C, Zheng Q, Guo J, Zhang Y, et al. ZnS@BSA Nanoclusters Potentiate Efficacy of Cancer Immunotherapy. Adv Mater. 2021;33(49):e2104037. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adma.202104037.","journal-title":"Adv Mater"},{"issue":"6","key":"534_CR241","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7639","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.0c03881","volume":"14","author":"J An","year":"2020","unstructured":"An J, Zhang K, Wang B, Wu S, Song S, Xu Y, et al. Nanoenabled Disruption of Multiple Barriers in Antigen Cross-Presentation of Dendritic Cells. ACS Nano. 2020;14(6):7639\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsnano.0c03881.","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"6142","key":"534_CR242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1240094","volume":"341","author":"B Chaigne-Delalande","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chaigne-Delalande B, Li F, O\u2019Connor G, Lukacs MJ, Jiang P, Zheng P, et al. Mg2+ regulates cytotoxic functions of NK and CD8 T cells in chronic EBV infection through NKG2D. Science. 2013;341(6142):186\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1240094.","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"534_CR243","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.12.039","volume":"185","author":"J L\u00f6tscher","year":"2022","unstructured":"L\u00f6tscher J, Lindez A, Kirchhammer N, Lee A, O\u2019Donnell M, Sauter T, et al. Magnesium sensing via LFA-1 regulates CD8. Cell. 2022;185(4):585\u2013602. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2021.12.039.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"534_CR244","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2023.01.043","volume":"354","author":"Y Jia","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jia Y, Hu J, Zhu C, Zhang H, Wang X, Li Y, et al. Engineered NanoAlum from aluminum turns cold tumor hot for potentiating cancer metalloimmunotherapy. J Control Release. 2023;354:770\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jconrel.2023.01.043.","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"issue":"12","key":"534_CR245","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2007.387","volume":"2","author":"D Peer","year":"2007","unstructured":"Peer D, Karp JM, Hong S, Farokhzad OC, Margalit R, Langer R. Nanocarriers as an emerging platform for cancer therapy. Nat Nanotechnol. 2007;2(12):751\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nnano.2007.387.","journal-title":"Nat Nanotechnol"},{"key":"534_CR246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-bioeng-071811-150124","volume":"14","author":"A Albanese","year":"2012","unstructured":"Albanese A, Tang PS, Chan WC. The effect of nanoparticle size, shape, and surface chemistry on biological systems. Annu Rev Biomed Eng. 2012;14:1\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-bioeng-071811-150124.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Biomed Eng"},{"issue":"1","key":"534_CR247","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2012.10.002","volume":"65","author":"H Maeda","year":"2013","unstructured":"Maeda H, Nakamura H, Fang J. The EPR effect for macromolecular drug delivery to solid tumors: Improvement of tumor uptake, lowering of systemic toxicity, and distinct tumor imaging in vivo. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2013;65(1):71\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.addr.2012.10.002.","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"534_CR248","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-018-0342-5","volume":"14","author":"D Shae","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shae D, Becker KW, Christov P, Yun DS, Lytton-Jean AKR, Sevimli S, et al. Endosomolytic polymersomes increase the activity of cyclic dinucleotide STING agonists to enhance cancer immunotherapy. Nat Nanotechnol. 2019;14(3):269\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41565-018-0342-5.","journal-title":"Nat Nanotechnol"},{"issue":"4","key":"534_CR249","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd.2017.243","volume":"17","author":"N Pardi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pardi N, Hogan MJ, Porter FW, Weissman D. mRNA vaccines - a new era in vaccinology. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2018;17(4):261\u201379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrd.2017.243.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"issue":"7662","key":"534_CR250","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1038\/nature22991","volume":"547","author":"PA Ott","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ott PA, Hu Z, Keskin DB, Shukla SA, Sun J, Bozym DJ, et al. An immunogenic personal neoantigen vaccine for patients with melanoma. Nature. 2017;547(7662):217\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature22991.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"11","key":"534_CR251","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1938","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-008-0581-0","volume":"12","author":"S Kaushal","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kaushal S, McElroy M, Kuiken G, Alford A, Kinsey E, Thomas S, et al. Fluorophore-conjugated anti-CEA antibody for the intraoperative imaging of pancreatic and colorectal cancer. J Gastrointest Surg. 2008;12(11):1938\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11605-008-0581-0.","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"534_CR252","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1021\/mp800115t","volume":"6","author":"M Ogawa","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ogawa M, Kosaka N, Longmire MR, Urano Y, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H. Fluorophore-quencher based activatable targeted optical probes for detecting in vivo cancer metastases. Mol Pharm. 2009;6(2):386\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/mp800115t.","journal-title":"Mol Pharm"},{"issue":"13","key":"534_CR253","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3918","DOI":"10.1021\/ja067710a","volume":"129","author":"M Kamiya","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kamiya M, Kobayashi H, Hama Y, Koyama Y, Bernardo M, Nagano T, et al. An enzymatically activated fluorescence probe for targeted tumor imaging. J Am Chem Soc. 2007;129(13):3918\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/ja067710a.","journal-title":"J Am Chem Soc"},{"issue":"1","key":"534_CR254","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1377","volume":"26","author":"X Qian","year":"2008","unstructured":"Qian X, Peng XH, Ansari DO, Yin-Goen Q, Chen GZ, Shin DM, et al. In vivo tumor targeting and spectroscopic detection with surface-enhanced Raman nanoparticle tags. Nat Biotechnol. 2008;26(1):83\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nbt1377.","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"534_CR255","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-med-051914-022043","volume":"67","author":"M Koch","year":"2016","unstructured":"Koch M, Ntziachristos V. Advancing Surgical Vision with Fluorescence Imaging. Annu Rev Med. 2016;67:153\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-med-051914-022043.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"534_CR256","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.119.238279","volume":"61","author":"G Pirovano","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pirovano G, Roberts S, Kossatz S, Reiner T. Optical imaging modalities: principles and applications in preclinical research and clinical settings. J Nucl Med. 2020;61(10):1419\u201327. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2967\/jnumed.119.238279.","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"issue":"1-3","key":"534_CR257","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-3659(01)00306-6","volume":"74","author":"RK Jain","year":"2001","unstructured":"Jain RK. Delivery of molecular medicine to solid tumors: lessons from in vivo imaging of gene expression and function. J Control Release. 2001;74(1\u20133):7\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0168-3659(01)00306-6.","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"534_CR258","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/s0168-3659(99)00248-5","volume":"65","author":"H Maeda","year":"2000","unstructured":"Maeda H, Wu J, Sawa T, Matsumura Y, Hori K. Tumor vascular permeability and the EPR effect in macromolecular therapeutics: a review. J Control Release. 2000;65(1\u20132):271\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0168-3659(99)00248-5.","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"issue":"12","key":"534_CR259","first-page":"6387","volume":"46","author":"Y Matsumura","year":"1986","unstructured":"Matsumura Y, Maeda H. A new concept for macromolecular therapeutics in cancer chemotherapy: mechanism of tumoritropic accumulation of proteins and the antitumor agent SMANCS. Cancer Res. 1986;46(12):6387\u201392.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"534_CR260","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1671","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-006-9194-6","volume":"13","author":"E Tanaka","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tanaka E, Choi HS, Fujii H, Bawendi MG, Frangioni JV. Image-guided oncologic surgery using invisible light: completed pre-clinical development for sentinel lymph node mapping. Ann Surg Oncol. 2006;13(12):1671\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1245\/s10434-006-9194-6.","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"534_CR261","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1162\/15353500200505127","volume":"4","author":"S Ohnishi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ohnishi S, Lomnes SJ, Laurence RG, Gogbashian A, Mariani G, Frangioni JV. Organic alternatives to quantum dots for intraoperative near-infrared fluorescent sentinel lymph node mapping. Mol Imaging. 2005;4(3):172\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/15353500200505127.","journal-title":"Mol Imaging"},{"key":"534_CR262","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1385\/1-59745-369-2:135","volume":"374","author":"X Gao","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gao X, Chung LW, Nie S. Quantum dots for in vivo molecular and cellular imaging. Methods Mol Biol. 2007;374:135\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1385\/1-59745-369-2:135.","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"issue":"6","key":"534_CR263","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-020-0339-5","volume":"17","author":"M Scaranti","year":"2020","unstructured":"Scaranti M, Cojocaru E, Banerjee S, Banerji U. Exploiting the folate receptor \u03b1 in oncology. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2020;17(6):349\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41571-020-0339-5.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"534_CR264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.10090050","volume":"255","author":"R Meier","year":"2010","unstructured":"Meier R, Henning T, Boddington S, Tavri S, Arora S, Piontek G, et al. Breast cancers: MR imaging of folate-receptor expression with the folate-specific nanoparticle P1133. Radiology. 2010;255(2):527\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.10090050.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"38","key":"534_CR265","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12010","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.8b05817","volume":"140","author":"D Tsvirkun","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tsvirkun D, Ben-Nun Y, Merquiol E, Zlotver I, Meir K, Weiss-Sadan T, et al. CT Imaging of Enzymatic Activity in Cancer Using Covalent Probes Reveals a Size-Dependent Pattern. J Am Chem Soc. 2018;140(38):12010\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/jacs.8b05817.","journal-title":"J Am Chem Soc"},{"issue":"3","key":"534_CR266","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3469","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5b07576","volume":"10","author":"M Motiei","year":"2016","unstructured":"Motiei M, Derifuss T, Betzer O, Panet H, Popovtzer A, Santana J, et al. Differentiating Between Cancer and Inflammation: A Metabolic-Based Method for Functional Computed Tomography Imaging. ACS Nano. 2016;10(3):3469\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsnano.5b07576.","journal-title":"ACS Nano"}],"container-title":["Molecular Biomedicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s43556-026-00534-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s43556-026-00534-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s43556-026-00534-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T23:02:45Z","timestamp":1787007765000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s43556-026-00534-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]},"references-count":266,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["534"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s43556-026-00534-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["2662-8651"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2662-8651","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"31 October 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 July 2026","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 July 2026","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 August 2026","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Not applicable. This article is a review of previously published studies and does not involve any human participants, animals, or primary data collection.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Author Mahmoud Amr is an employee at Al Andalous Pharmaceuticals. The other authors declare no conflicts of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"142"}}