{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T20:54:09Z","timestamp":1757451249074,"version":"3.33.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,13]],"date-time":"2025-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736726400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,13]],"date-time":"2025-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Korean Society of Echocardiography,South Korea","award":["KSER-201901","KSER-201901","KSER-201901","KSER-201901","KSER-201901","KSER-201901","KSER-201901","KSER-201901","KSER-201901","KSER-201901","KSER-201901","KSER-201901"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KSER-201901","KSER-201901","KSER-201901","KSER-201901","KSER-201901","KSER-201901","KSER-201901","KSER-201901","KSER-201901","KSER-201901","KSER-201901","KSER-201901"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cardiovasc Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>There are insufficient studies to determine whether sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) will help reduce early diabetic cardiomyopathy, especially in patients without documented cardiovascular disease.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>We performed a single center, prospective observation study. A total of 90 patients with type 2 diabetes patients without established heart failure or atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease were enrolled. Echocardiography, cardiac enzyme, and glucose-control data were examined before and 3\u00a0months after the administration of SGLT2i (dapagliflozin 10\u00a0mg per day). Cardiovascular risk factors included hypertension, smoking, obesity, dyslipidemia, and old age. The primary end point was the change of E\/e\u2019 before and after administration of SGLT2i.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Most patients (86.7%) had three or more cardiovascular risk factors, and about 32% had all five risk factors. Although the decrease in E\/e\u2019 after the administration of SGLT2i was observed in 20% of enrolled patients, there was no significant difference in average E\/e\u2019 value or left atrial volume index before and after the SGLT2i medication. Even in patients with all known risk factors including old age, E\/e\u2019 value did not decrease after adding SGLT2i (8.9\u2009\u00b1\u20092.4 vs. 8.7\u2009\u00b1\u20093.2). There was a statistically significant difference in E\/e\u2019 change after the SGLT2i administration between patients younger than 60\u00a0years and those older than 60\u00a0years (\u20130.7\u2009\u00b1\u20092.2 vs. 1.1\u2009\u00b1\u20092.8, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In type 2 diabetes patients without documented cardiovascular disease including heart failure, administration of SGLT2i showed no improvement in diastolic function profile. Further large-scale randomized studies are needed to determine who will benefit from potential cardiovascular events with early addition of SGLT2i.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s44348-024-00043-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,13]],"date-time":"2025-01-13T04:18:21Z","timestamp":1736741901000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Is early use of sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) necessary even in diabetic patients without cardiovascular disease: a prospective study regarding the effect of SGLT2i on left ventricular diastolic function"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Kina","family":"Jeon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shin Yi","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"You-Bin","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jihoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Darae","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sung-A","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sung-Ji","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sang-Chol","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seung Woo","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Moon-Kyu","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eun Kyoung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyu Yeon","family":"Hur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"43_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2136","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17122136","volume":"17","author":"ME H\u00f6lscher","year":"2016","unstructured":"H\u00f6lscher ME, Bode C, Bugger H. 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The patients\/participants provided written informed consent to participate in this study. The studies and\/or procedures performed for this article that involved human participants were consistent with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"1"}}