{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T14:19:52Z","timestamp":1793888392489,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":103,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]],"date-time":"2014-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1396310400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]],"date-time":"2014-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1396310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Stem Cell Res Ther"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide, claims six lives every 60 seconds, and is a leading cause of adult disability across the globe. Tissue plasminogen activator, the only United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug currently available, has a narrow therapeutic time window of less than 5 hours. In the past decade, cells derived from the human umbilical cord (HUC) have emerged as a potential therapeutic alternative for stroke; however, the most effective HUC-derived cell population remains unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We compared three cell populations derived from the human umbilical cord: cord blood mononuclear cells (cbMNCs); cord blood mesenchymal stromal cells (cbMSCs), a subpopulation of cbMNCs; and cord matrix MSCs (cmMSCs). We characterized these cells\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      with flow cytometry and assessed the cells\u2019\n                      <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      efficacy in a 2-hour transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) rat model of stroke. cbMNCs, cbMSCs, and cmMSCs were each transplanted intraarterially at 24 hours after stroke.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A reduction in neurologic deficit and infarct area was observed in all three cell groups; however, this reduction was significantly enhanced in the cbMNC group compared with the cmMSC group. At 2 weeks after stroke, human nuclei-positive cells were present in the ischemic hemispheres of immunocompetent stroke rats in all three cell groups. Significantly decreased expression of rat\n                      <jats:italic>brain-derived neurotrophic factor<\/jats:italic>\n                      mRNA was observed in the ischemic hemispheres of all three cell-treated and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) group animals compared with sham animals, although the decrease was least in cbMNC-treated animals. Significantly decreased expression of rat interleukin\n                      <jats:italic>(IL)-2<\/jats:italic>\n                      mRNA and\n                      <jats:italic>IL-6<\/jats:italic>\n                      mRNA was seen only in the cbMSC group. Notably, more severe complications (death, eye inflammation) were observed in the cmMSC group compared with the cbMNC and cbMSC groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All three tested cell types promoted recovery after stroke, but cbMNCs showed enhanced recovery and fewer complications compared with cmMSCs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/scrt434","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]],"date-time":"2014-04-01T15:02:21Z","timestamp":1396364541000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Intraarterial transplantation of human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells is more efficacious and safer compared with umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells in a rodent stroke model"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Neha","family":"Karlupia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan C","family":"Manley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kameshwar","family":"Prasad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Sch\u00e4fer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary K","family":"Steinberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"343_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2004.07.003","volume":"10","author":"SM Fruchtman","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fruchtman SM, Hurlet A, Dracker R, Isola L, Goldman B, Schneider BL, Emre S: The successful treatment of severe aplastic anemia with autologous cord blood transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2004, 10: 741-742. 10.1016\/j.bbmt.2004.07.003.","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"343_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198910263211707","volume":"321","author":"E Gluckman","year":"1989","unstructured":"Gluckman E, Broxmeyer HA, Auerbach AD, Friedman HS, Douglas GW, Devergie A, Esperou H, Thierry D, Socie G, Lehn P, Cooper S, English D, Kurtzberg J, Bard J, Boyse E: Hematopoietic reconstitution in a patient with Fanconi\u2019s anemia by means of umbilical-cord blood from an HLA-identical sibling. N Engl J Med. 1989, 321: 1174-1178. 10.1056\/NEJM198910263211707.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"343_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2137","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-07-2090","volume":"101","author":"F Locatelli","year":"2003","unstructured":"Locatelli F, Rocha V, Reed W, Bernaudin F, Ertem M, Grafakos S, Brichard B, Li X, Nagler A, Giorgiani G, Haut PR, Brochstein JA, Nugent DJ, Blatt J, Woodard P, Kurtzberg J, Rubin CM, Miniero R, Lutz P, Raja T, Roberts I, Will AM, Yaniv I, Vermylen C, Tannoia N, Garnier F, Ionescu I, Walters MC, Lubin BH, Gluckman E: Related umbilical cord blood transplantation in patients with thalassemia and sickle cell disease. Blood. 2003, 101: 2137-2143. 10.1182\/blood-2002-07-2090.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"343_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2962","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V97.10.2962","volume":"97","author":"V Rocha","year":"2001","unstructured":"Rocha V, Cornish J, Sievers EL, Filipovich A, Locatelli F, Peters C, Remberger M, Michel G, Arcese W, Dallorso S, Tiedemann K, Busca A, Chan KW, Kato S, Ortega J, Vowels M, Zander A, Souillet G, Oakill A, Woolfrey A, Pay AL, Green A, Garnier F, Ionescu I, Wernet P, Sirchia G, Rubinstein P, Chevret S, Gluckman E: Comparison of outcomes of unrelated bone marrow and umbilical cord blood transplants in children with acute leukemia. Blood. 2001, 97: 2962-2971. 10.1182\/blood.V97.10.2962.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"343_CR5","first-page":"105","volume":"9","author":"JM Hows","year":"1992","unstructured":"Hows JM, Marsh JC, Bradley BA, Luft T, Coutinho L, Testa NG, Dexter TM: Human cord blood: a source of transplantable stem cells?. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1992, 9: 105-108.","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"343_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-472X(00)00515-4","volume":"28","author":"ID Lewis","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lewis ID, Verfaillie CM: Multi-lineage expansion potential of primitive hematopoietic progenitors: superiority of umbilical cord blood compared to mobilized peripheral blood. Exp Hematol. 2000, 28: 1087-1095. 10.1016\/S0301-472X(00)00515-4.","journal-title":"Exp Hematol"},{"key":"343_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2008.239","volume":"42","author":"O Ringden","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ringden O, Okas M, Uhlin M, Uzunel M, Remberger M, Mattsson J: Unrelated cord blood and mismatched unrelated volunteer donor transplants, two alternatives in patients who lack an HLA-identical donor. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2008, 42: 643-648. 10.1038\/bmt.2008.239.","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"343_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2276","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa041469","volume":"351","author":"V Rocha","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rocha V, Labopin M, Sanz G, Arcese W, Schwerdtfeger R, Bosi A, Jacobsen N, Ruutu T, de Lima M, Finke J, Frassoni F, Gluckman E, Acute Leukemia Working Party of European Blood and Marrow Transplant Group; Eurocord-Netcord Registry: Transplants of umbilical-cord blood or bone marrow from unrelated donors in adults with acute leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2004, 351: 2276-2285. 10.1056\/NEJMoa041469.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"343_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2009.07767.x","volume":"147","author":"DT Harris","year":"2009","unstructured":"Harris DT: Non-haematological uses of cord blood stem cells. Br J Haematol. 2009, 147: 177-184. 10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2009.07767.x.","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"343_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.55782\/ane-2006-1621","volume":"66","author":"C McGuckin","year":"2006","unstructured":"McGuckin C, Forraz N, Baradez MO, Basford C, Dickinson AM, Navran S, Hartgerink JD: Embryonic-like stem cells from umbilical cord blood and potential for neural modeling. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars). 2006, 66: 321-329.","journal-title":"Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars)"},{"key":"343_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aanat.2011.03.005","volume":"193","author":"K Rosenkranz","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rosenkranz K, Meier C: Umbilical cord blood cell transplantation after brain ischemia: from recovery of function to cellular mechanisms. Ann Anat. 2011, 193: 371-379. 10.1016\/j.aanat.2011.03.005.","journal-title":"Ann Anat"},{"key":"343_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-8-75","volume":"8","author":"WZ Yang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yang WZ, Zhang Y, Wu F, Min WP, Minev B, Zhang M, Luo XL, Ramos F, Ichim TE, Riordan NH, Hu X: Safety evaluation of allogeneic umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell therapy for degenerative conditions. J Transl Med. 2010, 8: 75-10.1186\/1479-5876-8-75.","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"343_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-9-65","volume":"9","author":"WZ Yang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yang WZ, Zhang Y, Wu F, Zhang M, Cho SC, Li CZ, Li SH, Shu GJ, Sheng YX, Zhao N, Tang Y, Jiang S, Jiang S, Gandjian M, Ichim TE, Hu X: Human umbilical cord blood-derived mononuclear cell transplantation: case series of 30 subjects with hereditary ataxia. J Transl Med. 2011, 9: 65-10.1186\/1479-5876-9-65.","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"343_CR14","first-page":"679","volume":"3","author":"F Ramirez","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ramirez F, Steenblock DA, Payne AG, Darnall L: Umbilical cord stem cell therapy for cerebral palsy. Med Hypotheses Res. 2006, 3: 679-686.","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses Res"},{"key":"343_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1080\/14653240500238160","volume":"7","author":"KS Kang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kang KS, Kim SW, Oh YH, Yu JW, Kim KY, Park HK, Song CH, Han H: A 37-year-old spinal cord-injured female patient, transplanted of multipotent stem cells from human UC blood, with improved sensory perception and mobility, both functionally and morphologically: a case study. Cytotherapy. 2005, 7: 368-373. 10.1080\/14653240500238160.","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"343_CR16","first-page":"1","volume":"3","author":"J Boltze","year":"2005","unstructured":"Boltze J, Kowalski I, Geiger K, Reich D, Gunther A, Buhrle C, Egger D, Kamprad M, Emmrich F: Experimental treatment of stroke in spontaneously hypertensive rats by CD34+ and CD34- cord blood cells. Geriatr Med Sci. 2005, 3: 1-15.","journal-title":"Geriatr Med Sci"},{"key":"343_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2682","DOI":"10.1161\/hs1101.098367","volume":"32","author":"J Chen","year":"2001","unstructured":"Chen J, Sanberg PR, Li Y, Wang L, Lu M, Willing AE, Sanchez-Ramos J, Chopp M: Intravenous administration of human umbilical cord blood reduces behavioral deficits after stroke in rats. Stroke. 2001, 32: 2682-2688. 10.1161\/hs1101.098367.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"343_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2008.06.087","volume":"1229","author":"SH Koh","year":"2008","unstructured":"Koh SH, Kim KS, Choi MR, Jung KH, Park KS, Chai YG, Roh W, Hwang SJ, Ko HJ, Huh YM, Kim HT, Kim SH: Implantation of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells as a neuroprotective therapy for ischemic stroke in rats. Brain Res. 2008, 1229: 233-248.","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"343_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e318195742e","volume":"87","author":"W Liao","year":"2009","unstructured":"Liao W, Xie J, Zhong J, Liu Y, Du L, Zhou B, Xu J, Liu P, Yang S, Wang J, Han Z, Han ZC: Therapeutic effect of human umbilical cord multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells in a rat model of stroke. Transplantation. 2009, 87: 350-359. 10.1097\/TP.0b013e318195742e.","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"343_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1186\/scrt79","volume":"2","author":"JY Lim","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lim JY, Jeong CH, Jun JA, Kim SM, Ryu CH, Hou Y, Oh W, Chang JW, Jeun SS: Therapeutic effects of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells after intrathecal administration by lumbar puncture in a rat model of cerebral ischemia. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2011, 2: 38-10.1186\/scrt79.","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"key":"343_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2045","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.603621","volume":"42","author":"YC Lin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lin YC, Ko TL, Shih YH, Lin MY, Fu TW, Hsiao HS, Hsu JY, Fu YS: Human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells promote recovery after ischemic stroke. Stroke. 2011, 42: 2045-2053. 10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.603621.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"343_CR22","first-page":"97","volume":"181","author":"DA Lobel","year":"2003","unstructured":"Lobel DA, Hadman PR, Sanberg PR, Borlongan CV: Early intracerebral and intra-arterial transplantation of human umbilical cord blood cells into an ischemic rat brain model. Exp Neurol. 2003, 181: 97-","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"343_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200420622","volume":"114","author":"A Taguchi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Taguchi A, Soma T, Tanaka J, Kanda T, Nishimura H, Yosikawa H, Tsukamoto Y, Fujimori Y, Stern DM, Naritomi H, Matsuyama T: Administration of CD34+ cells after stroke enhances neurogenesis via angiogenesis in a mouse model. J Clin Invest. 2004, 114: 330-338. 10.1172\/JCI200420622.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"343_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2390","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000141681.06735.9b","volume":"35","author":"M Vendrame","year":"2004","unstructured":"Vendrame M, Cassadt J, Newcomb J, Butler T, Pennypacker KR, Zigova T, Sanberg PR, Willing AE: Infusion of human umbilical cord blood cells in a rat model of stroke dose dependently rescues behavioral deficits and reduces infarct volume. Stroke. 2004, 35: 2390-2395. 10.1161\/01.STR.0000141681.06735.9b.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"343_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2005.14.722","volume":"14","author":"J Xiao","year":"2005","unstructured":"Xiao J, Nan Z, Motooka Y, Low W: Transplantation of a novel cell line population of umbilical cord blood stem cells ameliorates neurological deficits associated with ischemic brain injury. Stem Cell Dev. 2005, 14: 722-733. 10.1089\/scd.2005.14.722.","journal-title":"Stem Cell Dev"},{"key":"343_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.09.056","volume":"1123","author":"S Makinen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Makinen S, Kekarainen T, Nystedt J, Liimatainen T, Huhtala T, Narvanen A, Laine J, Jolkkonen J: Human umbilcal cord blood cells do not improve sensorimotor or cognitive outcome following transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. Brain Res. 2006, 1123: 207-215. 10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.09.056.","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"343_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.55782\/ane-2006-1618","volume":"66","author":"J Nystedt","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nystedt J, Makinen S, Laine J, Jolkkonen J: Human cord blood CD34+ cells and behavioral recovery following focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars). 2006, 66: 293-300.","journal-title":"Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars)"},{"key":"343_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.55782\/ane-2009-1728","volume":"69","author":"M Zawadzka","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zawadzka M, Lukasiuk K, Machaj EK, Pojda Z, Kaminska B: Lack of migration and neurological benefits after infusion of umbilical cord blood cells in ischemic brain injury. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars). 2009, 69: 46-51.","journal-title":"Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars)"},{"key":"343_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2385","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000141680.49960.d7","volume":"35","author":"CV Borlongan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Borlongan CV, Hadman M, Sanberg CD, Sanberg PR: Central nervous system entry of peripherally injected umbilical cord blood cells is not required for neuroprotection in stroke. Stroke. 2004, 35: 2385-3389. 10.1161\/01.STR.0000141680.49960.d7.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"343_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-472X(01)00735-4","volume":"29","author":"RV Sorg","year":"2001","unstructured":"Sorg RV, Andres S, Kogler G, Fischer J, Wernet P: Phenotypic and functional comparison of monocytes from cord blood and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-mobilized apheresis products. Exp Hematol. 2001, 29: 1289-1294. 10.1016\/S0301-472X(01)00735-4.","journal-title":"Exp Hematol"},{"key":"343_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.160153","volume":"16","author":"H Mayani","year":"1998","unstructured":"Mayani H, Lansdorp PM: Biology of human umbilical cord blood-derived hematopoietic stem\/progenitor cells. Stem Cells. 1998, 16: 153-165. 10.1002\/stem.160153.","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"343_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2752","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-04-1396","volume":"104","author":"DA Ingram","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ingram DA, Mead LE, Tanaka H, Meade V, Fenoglio A, Mortell K, Pollok K, Ferkowicz MJ, Gilley D, Yoder MC: Identification of a novel hierarchy of endothelial progenitor cells using human peripheral and umbilical cord blood. Blood. 2004, 104: 2752-2760. 10.1182\/blood-2004-04-1396.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"343_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2000.01986.x","volume":"109","author":"A Erices","year":"2000","unstructured":"Erices A, Conget P, Minguell JJ: Mesenchymal progenitor cells in human umbilical cord blood. Br J Haematol. 2000, 109: 235-242. 10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2000.01986.x.","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"343_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1080\/14653240701584578","volume":"9","author":"A Flynn","year":"2007","unstructured":"Flynn A, Barry F, O\u2019Brien T: UC blood-derived mesenchymal stromal cells: an overview. Cytotherapy. 2007, 9: 717-726. 10.1080\/14653240701584578.","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"343_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1669","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-05-1670","volume":"103","author":"OK Lee","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lee OK, Kuo TK, Chen WM, Lee KD, Hsieh SL, Chen TH: Isolation of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells from umbilical cord blood. Blood. 2004, 103: 1669-1675. 10.1182\/blood-2003-05-1670.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"343_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2007-0381","volume":"26","author":"M Secco","year":"2008","unstructured":"Secco M, Zucconi E, Vieira NM, Fogaca LL, Cerqueira A, Carvalho MD, Jazedje T, Okamoto OK, Muotri AR, Zatz M: Multipotent stem cells from umbilical cord: cord is richer than blood!. Stem Cells. 2008, 26: 146-150. 10.1634\/stemcells.2007-0381.","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"343_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0609.2009.01352.x","volume":"84","author":"EK Zuba-Surma","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zuba-Surma EK, Klich I, Greco N, Laughlin MJ, Ratajczak J, Ratajczak MZ: Optimization of isolation and further characterization of umbilical-cord-blood-derived very small embryonic\/epiblast-like stem cells (VSELs). Eur J Haematol. 2010, 84: 34-46. 10.1111\/j.1600-0609.2009.01352.x.","journal-title":"Eur J Haematol"},{"key":"343_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exphem.2006.03.010","volume":"34","author":"A Habich","year":"2006","unstructured":"Habich A, Jurga M, Markiewicz I, Lukomska B, Bany-Laszewicz U, Domanska-Janik K: Early appearance of stem\/progenitor cells with neural-like characteristics in human cord blood mononuclear fraction cultured in vitro. Exp Hematol. 2006, 34: 914-925. 10.1016\/j.exphem.2006.03.010.","journal-title":"Exp Hematol"},{"key":"343_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2184.2008.00490.x","volume":"41","author":"CP McGuckin","year":"2008","unstructured":"McGuckin CP, Forraz N: Potential for access to embryonic-like cells from human umbilical cord blood. Cell Prolif. 2008, 41: 31-40.","journal-title":"Cell Prolif"},{"key":"343_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1387\/ijdb.072315kd","volume":"52","author":"K Domanska-Janik","year":"2008","unstructured":"Domanska-Janik K, Buzanska L, Lukomska B: A novel, neural potential of non-hematopoietic human umbilical cord blood stem cells. Int J Dev Biol. 2008, 52: 237-248. 10.1387\/ijdb.072315kd.","journal-title":"Int J Dev Biol"},{"key":"343_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.55782\/ane-2006-1617","volume":"66","author":"K Domanska-Janik","year":"2006","unstructured":"Domanska-Janik K, Habich A, Sarnowska A, Janowski M: Neural commitment of cord blood stem cells (HUCB-NSC\/NP): therapeutic perspectives. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars). 2006, 66: 279-291.","journal-title":"Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars)"},{"key":"343_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2008.0367","volume":"18","author":"V Zangiacomi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zangiacomi V, Balon N, Maddens S, Tiberghien P, Versaux-Botteri C, Deschaseaux F: Human cord blood-derived hematopoietic and neural-like stem\/progenitor cells are attracted by the neurotransmitter GABA. Stem Cells Dev. 2009, 18: 1369-1378. 10.1089\/scd.2008.0367.","journal-title":"Stem Cells Dev"},{"key":"343_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.2174\/157488807782793763","volume":"2","author":"K Bieback","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bieback K, Kluter H: Mesenchymal stromal cells from umbilical cord blood. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther. 2007, 2: 310-323. 10.2174\/157488807782793763.","journal-title":"Curr Stem Cell Res Ther"},{"key":"343_CR44","first-page":"837","volume":"89","author":"JF Wang","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wang JF, Wang LJ, Wu YF, Xiang Y, Xie CG, Jia BB, Harrington J, McNiece IK: Mesenchymal stem\/progenitor cells in human umbilical cord blood as support for ex vivo expansion of CD34(+) hematopoietic stem cells and for chondrogenic differentiation. Haematologica. 2004, 89: 837-844.","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"343_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11692","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms140611692","volume":"14","author":"DW Kim","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kim DW, Staples M, Shinozuka K, Pantcheva P, Kang SD, Borlongan CV: Wharton\u2019s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells: phenotypic characterization and optimizing their therapeutic potential for clinical applications. Int J Mol Sci. 2013, 14: 11692-11712. 10.3390\/ijms140611692.","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"343_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1038\/nm747","volume":"8","author":"A Arvidsson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Arvidsson A, Collin T, Kirik D, Kokaia Z, Lindvall O: Neuronal replacement from endogenous precursors in the adult brain after stroke. Nat Med. 2002, 8: 963-970. 10.1038\/nm747.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"343_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2003.10.008","volume":"185","author":"C Berger","year":"2004","unstructured":"Berger C, Schabitz WR, Wolf M, Mueller H, Sommer C, Schwab S: Hypothermia and brain-derived neurotrophic factor reduce glutamate synergistically in acute stroke. Exp Neurol. 2004, 185: 305-312. 10.1016\/j.expneurol.2003.10.008.","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"343_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1002\/gene.1078","volume":"31","author":"E Casanova","year":"2001","unstructured":"Casanova E, Fehsenfeld S, Mantamadiotis T, Lemberger T, Greiner E, Stewart AF, Schutz G: A CamKIIalpha iCre BAC allows brain-specific gene inactivation. Genesis. 2001, 31: 37-42. 10.1002\/gene.1078.","journal-title":"Genesis"},{"key":"343_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20430","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0020430","volume":"6","author":"S Courtes","year":"2011","unstructured":"Courtes S, Vernerey J, Pujadas L, Magalon K, Cremer H, Soriano E, Durbec P, Cayre M: Reelin controls progenitor cell migration in the healthy and pathological adult mouse brain. PLoS One. 2011, 6: e20430-10.1371\/journal.pone.0020430.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"343_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-76761-1_27","volume-title":"Reelin Glycoprotein: Structure, Biology, and Roles in Health and Disease","author":"K Jin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jin K: Reelin and stroke. Reelin Glycoprotein: Structure, Biology, and Roles in Health and Disease. Edited by: Fatemi SH. 2008, New York: Springer, 411-420."},{"key":"343_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1007\/s004010000268","volume":"101","author":"I Ferrer","year":"2001","unstructured":"Ferrer I, Krupinski J, Goutan E, Mart\u00ed E, Ambrosio S, Arenas E: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor reduces cortical cell death by ischemia after middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat. Acta Neuropathol. 2001, 101: 229-238.","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"343_CR52","first-page":"6856","volume":"23","author":"JA Gorski","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gorski JA, Zeiler SR, Tamowski S, Jones KR: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor is required for the maintenance of cortical dendrites. J Neurosci Res. 2003, 23: 6856-6865.","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"343_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2008.07.005","volume":"8","author":"A Seiler","year":"2008","unstructured":"Seiler A, Schneider M, Forster H, Roth S, Wirth EK, Culmsee C, Plesnila N, Kremmer E, Radmark O, Wurst W, Bornkamm GW, Schweizer U, Conrad M: Glutathione peroxidase 4 senses and translates oxidative stress into 12\/15-lipoxygenase dependent- and AIF-mediated cell death. Cell Metab. 2008, 8: 237-248. 10.1016\/j.cmet.2008.07.005.","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"343_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2760(82)90150-3","volume":"710","author":"F Ursini","year":"1982","unstructured":"Ursini F, Maiorino M, Valente M, Ferri L, Gregolin C: Purification from pig liver of a protein which protects liposomes and biomembranes from peroxidative degradation and exhibits glutathione peroxidase activity on phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxides. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1982, 710: 197-211. 10.1016\/0005-2760(82)90150-3.","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"343_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2010.10.022","volume":"149","author":"Y Wang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wang Y, Cooke MJ, Lapitsky Y, Wylie RG, Sachewsky N, Corbett D, Morshead CM, Shoichet MS: Transport of epidermal growth factor in the stroke-injured brain. J Control Release. 2011, 149: 225-235. 10.1016\/j.jconrel.2010.10.022.","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"key":"343_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2005.12.008","volume":"198","author":"SJ Won","year":"2006","unstructured":"Won SJ, Kim SH, Xie L, Wang Y, Mao XO, Jin K, Greenberg DA: Reelin-deficient mice show impaired neurogenesis and increased stroke size. Exp Neurol. 2006, 198: 250-259. 10.1016\/j.expneurol.2005.12.008.","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"343_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.20.1.84","volume":"20","author":"EZ Longa","year":"1989","unstructured":"Longa EZ, Weinstein PR, Carlson S, Cummins R: Reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion without crainiectomy in rats. Stroke. 1989, 20: 84-91. 10.1161\/01.STR.20.1.84.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"343_CR58","first-page":"133","volume-title":"Manual of Stroke Models in Rats","author":"Y Wang-Fisher","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wang-Fisher Y, Divani AA, Prado R, Koetzner L: Surgical models of stroke induced by intraluminal filament implantation. Manual of Stroke Models in Rats. Edited by: Wang-Fischer Y. 2008, Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 133-158."},{"key":"343_CR59","first-page":"2A","volume-title":"Current Protocols in Stem Cell Biology, Wiley Interscience; John Wiley & Sons, Inc","author":"T Jaatinen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Jaatinen T, Laine J: Isolation of mononuclear cells from human cord blood by Ficoll-Paque density gradient. Current Protocols in Stem Cell Biology, Wiley Interscience; John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Edited by: Elefanty A, Gregory R, Patient R, Schlaeger T, Snyder E, Yamashita Y. 2007, 2A-1.1\u20132A.1.4"},{"key":"343_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-60327-931-4_9","volume-title":"Methods in Molecular Biology, Neural Cell Transplantation","author":"JD Newcomb","year":"2009","unstructured":"Newcomb JD, Willing AE, Sanberg PR: Umbilical cord blood cells. Methods in Molecular Biology, Neural Cell Transplantation. Edited by: Scolding NJ, Gordon D. 2009, Humana Press; Springer Science Publisher, 549: 119-136. 10.1007\/978-1-60327-931-4_9."},{"key":"343_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-60761-999-4_6","volume":"698","author":"A Laitinen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Laitinen A, Nystedt J, Laitinen S:The isolation and culture of human umbilical cord blood derived mesenchymal stem cells under low oxygen conditions:mesenchymal stem cell assays and applications. Methods Mol Biol. 2011, 698: 63-73. 10.1007\/978-1-60761-999-4_6.","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"343_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0320(20001215)42:6<363::AID-CYTO1003>3.0.CO;2-E","volume":"42","author":"AL Alamo","year":"2000","unstructured":"Alamo AL, Melnick SJ: Clinical application of four and five-color flow cytometry lymphocyte subset immunophenotyping. Cytometry. 2000, 42: 363-370. 10.1002\/1097-0320(20001215)42:6<363::AID-CYTO1003>3.0.CO;2-E.","journal-title":"Cytometry"},{"key":"343_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0320(19981215)34:6<280::AID-CYTO6>3.0.CO;2-H","volume":"34","author":"M Keeney","year":"1998","unstructured":"Keeney M, Gratama JW, Chin-Yee IH, Sutherland DR: Isotype controls in the analysis of lymphocytes and CD34+ stem and progenitor cells by flow cytometry: time to let go!. Cytometry. 1998, 34: 280-283. 10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0320(19981215)34:6<280::AID-CYTO6>3.0.CO;2-H.","journal-title":"Cytometry"},{"key":"343_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0320(19971201)29:4<328::AID-CYTO10>3.0.CO;2-W","volume":"29","author":"M Roederer","year":"1997","unstructured":"Roederer M, Rosa SD, Gerstein R, Anderson M, Bigos M, Stovel R, Nozaki T, Parks D, Herzenberg L: 8 color, 10-parameter flow cytometry to elucidate complex leukocyte heterogeneity. Cytometry. 1997, 29: 328-339. 10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0320(19971201)29:4<328::AID-CYTO10>3.0.CO;2-W.","journal-title":"Cytometry"},{"key":"343_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2010.88","volume":"5","author":"C Basford","year":"2010","unstructured":"Basford C, Forraz N, McGuckin C: Optimized multiparametric immunophenotyping of umbilical cord blood cells by flow cytometry. Nature Protocols. 2010, 5: 1337-1346. 10.1038\/nprot.2010.88.","journal-title":"Nature Protocols"},{"key":"343_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0320(19971015)30:5<214::AID-CYTO2>3.0.CO;2-H","volume":"30","author":"GT Stelzer","year":"1997","unstructured":"Stelzer GT, Marti G, Hurley A, McCoy P, Lovett EJ, Schwartz A: U.S.\u2013Canadian consensus recommendations on the immunophenotypic analysis of hematologic neoplasia by flow cytometry: standardization and validation of laboratory procedures. Cytometry. 1997, 30: 214-230. 10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0320(19971015)30:5<214::AID-CYTO2>3.0.CO;2-H.","journal-title":"Cytometry"},{"key":"343_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(92)90085-N","volume":"575","author":"CG Markgraf","year":"1992","unstructured":"Markgraf CG, Green EJ, Hurwitz BE, Morikawa E, Dietrich WD, McCabe PM, Ginsberg MD, Schneiderman N: Sensorimotor and cognitive consequences of middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. Brain Res. 1992, 575: 238-246. 10.1016\/0006-8993(92)90085-N.","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"343_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2060","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.28.10.2060","volume":"28","author":"DC Rogers","year":"1997","unstructured":"Rogers DC, Campbell CA, Stretton JL, Mackay KB: Correlation between motor impairement and infarct volume after permanent and transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat. Stroke. 1997, 28: 2060-2066. 10.1161\/01.STR.28.10.2060.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"343_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13287","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1107368108","volume":"108","author":"A Arac","year":"2011","unstructured":"Arac A, Brownell SE, Rothbard JB, Chen C, Ko RM, Pereira MP, Albers GW, Steinman L, Steinberg GK: Systemic augmentation of alphaB-crystallin provides therapeutic benefit twelve hours post-stroke onset via immune modulation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011, 108: 13287-13292. 10.1073\/pnas.1107368108.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"343_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.30.5.1134","volume":"30","author":"J Vogel","year":"1999","unstructured":"Vogel J, Mobius C, Kuschinsky W, Rosenblum WI: Early delineation of ischemic tissue in rat brain cryosections by high contrast staining. Stroke J Cereb Circ. 1999, 30: 1134-1141. 10.1161\/01.STR.30.5.1134.","journal-title":"Stroke J Cereb Circ"},{"key":"343_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11839","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0404474101","volume":"101","author":"S Kelly","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kelly S, Bliss TM, Shah AK, Sun GH, Ma M, Foo WC, Masel J, Yenari MA, Weissman IL, Uchida N, Palmer T, Steinberg GK: Transplanted human fetal neural stem cells survive, migrate, and differentiate in ischemic rat cerebral cortex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004, 101: 11839-11844. 10.1073\/pnas.0404474101.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"343_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1080\/14653240600855905","volume":"8","author":"M Dominici","year":"2006","unstructured":"Dominici M, Le Blanc K, Mueller I, Slaper-Cortenbach I, Marini FC, Krause DS, Deans RJ, Keating A, Prockop DJ, Horwitz EM: Minimal criteria for defining multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells: The International Society for Cellular Therapy position statement. Cytotherapy. 2006, 8: 315-317. 10.1080\/14653240600855905.","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"343_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2004.tb00259.x","volume":"8","author":"B Kaminska","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kaminska B, Gaweda-Walerych K, Zawadzka M: Molecular mechanisms of neuroprotective action of immunosuppressants: facts and hypotheses. J Cell Mol Med. 2004, 8: 45-58. 10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2004.tb00259.x.","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med"},{"key":"343_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2385","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.22410","volume":"88","author":"O Saino","year":"2010","unstructured":"Saino O, Taguchi A, Nakagomi T, Nakano-Doi A, Kashiwamura S, Doe N, Nakagomi N, Soma T, Yoshikawa H, Stern DM, Okamura H, Matsuyama T: Immunodeficiency reduces neural stem\/progenitor cell apoptosis and enhances neurogenesis in the cerebral cortex after stroke. J Neurosci Res. 2010, 88: 2385-2397.","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"343_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.10659","volume":"73","author":"AE Willing","year":"2003","unstructured":"Willing AE, Lixian J, Milliken M, Poulos S, Zigova T, Song S, Hart C, Sanchez-Ramos J, Sanberg PR: Intravenous versus intrastriatal cord blood administration in a rodent model of stroke. J Neurosci Res. 2003, 73: 296-307. 10.1002\/jnr.10659.","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"343_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.59.4.514","volume":"59","author":"Y Li","year":"2002","unstructured":"Li Y, Chen J, Chen XG, Wang L, Gautam SC, Xu YX, Katakowski M, Zhang LJ, Lu M, Janakiraman N, Chopp M: Human marrow stromal cell therapy for stroke in rat: neurotrophins and functional recovery. Neurology. 2002, 59: 514-523. 10.1212\/WNL.59.4.514.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"343_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1666","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.56.12.1666","volume":"56","author":"Y Li","year":"2001","unstructured":"Li Y, Chen J, Wang L, Lu M, Chopp M: Treatment of stroke in rat with intracarotid administration of marrow stromal cells. Neurology. 2001, 56: 1666-1672. 10.1212\/WNL.56.12.1666.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"343_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.3171\/2008.9.JNS08158","volume":"110","author":"MT Harting","year":"2009","unstructured":"Harting MT, Jimenez F, Xue H, Fischer UM, Baumgartner J, Dash PK, Cox CS: Intravenous mesenchymal stem cell therapy for traumatic brain injury. J Neurosurg. 2009, 110: 1189-1197. 10.3171\/2008.9.JNS08158.","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"343_CR79","first-page":"7","volume":"13","author":"BL Burstein","year":"2003","unstructured":"Burstein BL, Shum-Tim D, Chiu RC: Systemic and coronary delivery of marrow stromal cells for cellular cardiomyoplasty: advantages and precautions. Basic Appl Myol. 2003, 13: 7-10.","journal-title":"Basic Appl Myol"},{"key":"343_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.22-4-625","volume":"22","author":"K Bieback","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bieback K, Kern S, Kluter H, Eichler H: Critical parameters for the isolation of mesenchymal stem cells from umbilical cord blood. Stem Cells. 2004, 22: 625-634. 10.1634\/stemcells.22-4-625.","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"343_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.3727\/096368911X586783","volume":"21","author":"J Boltze","year":"2012","unstructured":"Boltze J, Reich DM, Hau S, Reymann KG, Strassburger M, Lobsien D, Wagner DC, Kamprad M, Stahl T: Assessment of neuroprotective effects of human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell subpopulations in vitro and in vivo. Cell Transplant. 2012, 21: 723-737. 10.3727\/096368911X586783.","journal-title":"Cell Transplant"},{"key":"343_CR82","first-page":"173","volume":"1","author":"N Chen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chen N, Newcomb J, Garbuzova-Davis S, Davis Sanberg C, Sanberg PR, Willing AE: Human umbilical cord blood cells have trophic effects on young and aging hippocampal neurons in vitro. Aging Dis. 2010, 1: 173-190.","journal-title":"Aging Dis"},{"key":"343_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.10691","volume":"73","author":"J Chen","year":"2003","unstructured":"Chen J, Li Y, Katakowski M, Chen X, Wang L, Lu D, Lu M, Gautam SC, Chopp M: Intravenous bone marrow stromal cell therapy reduces apoptosis and promotes endogenous cell proliferation after stroke in female rat. J Neurosci Res. 2003, 73: 778-786. 10.1002\/jnr.10691.","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"343_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jcbfm.9600311","volume":"27","author":"LH Shen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Shen LH, Li Y, Chen J, Zacharek A, Gao Q, Kapke A, Lu M, Raginski K, Vanguri P, Smith A, Chopp M: Therapeutic benefit of bone marrow stromal cells administered 1 month after stroke. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2007, 27: 6-13. 10.1038\/sj.jcbfm.9600311.","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"343_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01345252","volume":"14","author":"HS Sharma","year":"1998","unstructured":"Sharma HS, Nyberg F, Westman J, Alm P, Gordh T, Lindholm D: Brain derived neurotrophic factor and insulin like growth factor-1 attenuate upregulation of nitric oxide synthase and cell injury following trauma to the spinal cord: an immunohistochemical study in the rat. Amino Acids. 1998, 14: 121-129. 10.1007\/BF01345252.","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"343_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2366","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5071-04.2005","volume":"25","author":"J Chen","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chen J, Zacharek A, Zhang C, Jiang H, Li Y, Roberts C, Lu M, Kapke A, Chopp M: Endothelial nitric oxide synthase regulates brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression and neurogenesis after stroke in mice. J Neurosci. 2005, 25: 2366-2375. 10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5071-04.2005.","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"343_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/63.1.84","volume":"63","author":"WD Hill","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hill WD, Hess DC, Martin-Studdard A, Carothers JJ, Zheng J, Hale D, Maeda M, Fagan SC, Carroll JE, Conway SJ: SDF-1 (CXCL12) is upregulated in the ischemic penumbra following stroke: association with bone marrow cell homing to injury. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2004, 63: 84-96.","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"343_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2202-6-63","volume":"6","author":"JT Miller","year":"2005","unstructured":"Miller JT, Bartley JH, Wimborne HJ, Walker AL, Hess DC, Hill WD, Carroll JE: The neuroblast and angioblast chemotaxic factor SDF-1(CXCL12) expression is briefly up regulated by reactive astrocytes in brain following neonatal hypoxic-ischemic injury. BMC Neurosci. 2005, 6: 63-10.1186\/1471-2202-6-63.","journal-title":"BMC Neurosci"},{"key":"343_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.22292","volume":"88","author":"K Rosenkranz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rosenkranz K, Kumbruch S, Lebermann K, Marschner K, Jensen A, Dermietzel R, Meier C: The chemokine SDF-1\/CXCL12 contributes to the \u2018homing\u2019 of umbilical cord blood cells to a hypoxic-ischemic lesion in the rat brain. J Neurosci Res. 2010, 88: 1223-1233.","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"343_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200420001","volume":"113","author":"L Sun","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sun L, Lee J, Fine HA: Neuronally expressed stem cell factor induces neural stem cell migration to areas of brain injury. J Clin Invest. 2004, 113: 1364-1374. 10.1172\/JCI200420001.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"343_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2009.0170","volume":"19","author":"L Jiang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jiang L, Womble T, Saporta S, Chen N, Sanberg CD, Sanberg PR, Willing AE: Human umbilical cord blood cells decrease microglial survival in vitro. Stem Cells Dev. 2010, 19: 221-228. 10.1089\/scd.2009.0170.","journal-title":"Stem Cells Dev"},{"key":"343_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(96)10049-7","volume":"19","author":"GW Kreutzberg","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kreutzberg GW: Microglia: a sensor for pathological events in the CNS. Trends Neurosci. 1996, 19: 312-318. 10.1016\/0166-2236(96)10049-7.","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"343_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.22279","volume":"88","author":"K Wakabayashi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wakabayashi K, Nagai A, Sheikh AM, Shiota Y, Narantuya D, Watanabe T, Masuda J, Kobayashi S, Kim SU, Yamaguchi S: Transplantation of human mesenchymal stem cells promotes functional improvement and increased expression of neurotrophic factors in a rat focal cerebral ischemia model. J Neurosci Res. 2010, 88: 1017-1025.","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"343_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10006","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.21.10006","volume":"89","author":"DT Harris","year":"1992","unstructured":"Harris DT, Schumacher MJ, Locascio J, Besencon FJ, Olson GB, DeLuca D, Shenker L, Bard J, Boyse EA: Phenotypic and functional immaturity of human umbilical cord blood T lymphocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992, 89: 10006-10010. 10.1073\/pnas.89.21.10006.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"343_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2011.59","volume":"71","author":"PM Pimentel-Coelho","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pimentel-Coelho PM, Rosado-de-Castro PH, da Fonseca LM, Mendez-Otero R: Umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell transplantation for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Pediatr Res. 2012, 71: 464-473. 10.1038\/pr.2011.59.","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"343_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1572","volume":"9","author":"Q Tang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tang Q, Bluestone JA: The Foxp3+ regulatory T cell: a jack of all trades, master of regulation. Nat Immunol. 2008, 9: 239-244. 10.1038\/ni1572.","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"343_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.1927","volume":"15","author":"A Liesz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Liesz A, Suri-Payer E, Veltkamp C, Doerr H, Sommer C, Rivest S, Giese T, Veltkamp R: Regulatory T cells are key cerebroprotective immunomodulators in acute experimental stroke. Nat Med. 2009, 15: 192-199. 10.1038\/nm.1927.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"343_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-07-293795","volume":"117","author":"CG Brunstein","year":"2011","unstructured":"Brunstein CG, Miller JS, Cao Q, McKenna DH, Hippen KL, Curtsinger J, Defor T, Levine BL, June CH, Rubinstein P, Rubinstein P, McGlave PB, Blazar BR, Wagner JE: Infusion of ex vivo expanded T regulatory cells in adults transplanted with umbilical cord blood: safety profile and detection kinetics. Blood. 2011, 117: 1061-1070. 10.1182\/blood-2010-07-293795.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"343_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20020090","volume":"196","author":"JL Cohen","year":"2002","unstructured":"Cohen JL, Trenado A, Vasey D, Klatzmann D, Salomon BL: CD4(+)CD25(+) immunoregulatory T cells: new therapeutics for graft-versus-host disease. J Exp Med. 2002, 196: 401-406. 10.1084\/jem.20020090.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"343_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3493","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V99.10.3493","volume":"99","author":"PA Taylor","year":"2002","unstructured":"Taylor PA, Lees CJ, Blazar BR: The infusion of ex vivo activated and expanded CD4(+)CD25(+) immune regulatory cells inhibits graft-versus-host disease lethality. Blood. 2002, 99: 3493-3499. 10.1182\/blood.V99.10.3493.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"343_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-02-140277","volume":"112","author":"D Zhao","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zhao D, Zhang C, Yi T, Lin CL, Todorov I, Kandeel F, Forman S, Zeng D: In vivo-activated CD103+ CD4+ regulatory T cells ameliorate ongoing chronic graft-versus-host disease. Blood. 2008, 112: 2129-2138. 10.1182\/blood-2008-02-140277.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"343_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1294","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2005-0342","volume":"24","author":"S Kern","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kern S, Eichler H, Stoeve J, Kluter H, Bieback K: Comparative analysis of mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow, umbilical cord blood, or adipose tissue. Stem Cells. 2006, 24: 1294-1301. 10.1634\/stemcells.2005-0342.","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"343_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-11-146","volume":"11","author":"G Siegel","year":"2013","unstructured":"Siegel G, Kluba T, Hermanutz-Klein U, Bieback K, Northoff H, Schafer R: Phenotype, donor age and gender affect function of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells. BMC Med. 2013, 11: 146-10.1186\/1741-7015-11-146.","journal-title":"BMC Med"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1186\/scrt434","type":"expression_of_concern","label":"Expression of concern","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,16]],"date-time":"2024-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708041600000}},{"DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-024-03661-z","type":"expression_of_concern","label":"Expression of concern","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,16]],"date-time":"2024-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708041600000}}],"container-title":["Stem Cell Research &amp; Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/scrt434.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/scrt434","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/scrt434.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T11:09:38Z","timestamp":1772708978000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/scrt434"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]]},"references-count":103,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]}},"alternative-id":["343"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/scrt434","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-6512"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-6512","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 March 2013","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 October 2013","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 March 2014","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 April 2014","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 February 2024","order":5,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"ExpressionOfConcern","order":6,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"An Editorial Expression of Concern to this paper has been published:","order":7,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13287-024-03661-z","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13287-024-03661-z","order":8,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"45"}}