{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T22:27:21Z","timestamp":1762295241908},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Biochem"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Maltose-1-phosphate was detected in <jats:italic>Mycobacterium bovis<\/jats:italic> BCG extracts in the 1960's but a maltose-1-phosphate synthetase (maltokinase, Mak) was only much later purified from <jats:italic>Actinoplanes missouriensis<\/jats:italic>, allowing the identification of the <jats:italic>mak<\/jats:italic> gene. Recently, this metabolite was proposed to be the intermediate in a pathway linking trehalose with the synthesis of glycogen in <jats:italic>M. smegmatis<\/jats:italic>. Although the <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> H37Rv <jats:italic>mak<\/jats:italic> gene (Rv0127) was considered essential for growth, no mycobacterial Mak has, to date, been characterized.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The sequence of the Mak from <jats:italic>M. bovis<\/jats:italic> BCG was identical to that from <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> strains (99-100% amino acid identity). The enzyme was dependent on maltose and ATP, although GTP and UTP could be used to produce maltose-1-phosphate, which we identified by TLC and characterized by NMR. The K<jats:sub>\n                <jats:italic>m<\/jats:italic>\n              <\/jats:sub>for maltose was 2.52 \u00b1 0.40 mM and 0.74 \u00b1 0.12 mM for ATP; the <jats:italic>V<\/jats:italic>\n              <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub> was 21.05 \u00b1 0.89 \u03bcmol\/min.mg<jats:sup>-1<\/jats:sup>. Divalent cations were required for activity and Mg<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> was the best activator. The enzyme was a monomer in solution, had maximal activity at 60\u00b0C, between pH 7 and 9 (at 37\u00b0C) and was unstable on ice and upon freeze\/thawing. The addition of 50 mM NaCl markedly enhanced Mak stability.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The unknown role of maltokinases in mycobacterial metabolism and the lack of biochemical data led us to express the <jats:italic>mak<\/jats:italic> gene from <jats:italic>M. bovis<\/jats:italic> BCG for biochemical characterization. This is the first mycobacterial Mak to be characterized and its properties represent essential knowledge towards deeper understanding of mycobacterial physiology. Since Mak may be a potential drug target in <jats:italic>M. tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>, its high-level production and purification in bioactive form provide important tools for further functional and structural studies.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2091-11-21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,15]],"date-time":"2010-06-15T06:17:00Z","timestamp":1276582620000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Biochemical characterization of the maltokinase from Mycobacterium bovis BCG"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"V\u00edtor","family":"Mendes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Maranha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Lamosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Milton S","family":"da Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Nuno","family":"Empadinhas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"282_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2048","volume":"7","author":"C Dye","year":"2009","unstructured":"Dye C: Doomsday postponed? 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