{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T00:33:58Z","timestamp":1772757238152,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,9]],"date-time":"2014-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1399593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Educ"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6920-14-92","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,9]],"date-time":"2014-05-09T05:04:03Z","timestamp":1399611843000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Teaching communication skills in clinical settings: comparing two applications of a comprehensive program with standardized and real patients"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Irene P","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Vanessa G","family":"Pais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Filipa R","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Raquel","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Margarida","family":"Figueiredo-Braga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Raquel","family":"Pedrosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Susana S","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Correia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Raquel","family":"Ribeiro-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ivone","family":"Castro-Vale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Teles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Mota-Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"1111_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1080\/01421599978979","volume":"21","author":"K Aspegren","year":"1999","unstructured":"Aspegren K: BEME guide no.2: Teaching and learning communication skills in medicine \u2013 a review with quality grading of articles. Med Teach. 1999, 21: 563-570. 10.1080\/01421599978979.","journal-title":"Med Teach"},{"key":"1111_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2923.2002.01331.x","volume":"36","author":"DJ Cegala","year":"2002","unstructured":"Cegala DJ, Broz SL: Physician communication skills training: A review of theoretical backgrounds, objectives and skills. Med Educ. 2002, 36: 1004-1016. 10.1046\/j.1365-2923.2002.01331.x.","journal-title":"Med Educ"},{"key":"1111_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1097\/01.cco.0000167737.72196.f9","volume":"17","author":"I Merckaert","year":"2005","unstructured":"Merckaert I, Libert Y, Razavi D: Communication skills training in cancer care: Where are we and where are we going?. Curr Opin Oncol. 2005, 17: 319-330. 10.1097\/01.cco.0000167737.72196.f9.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Oncol"},{"key":"1111_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.325.7366.697","volume":"325","author":"P Maguire","year":"2002","unstructured":"Maguire P, Pitceathly C: Key communication skills and how to acquire them. BMJ. 2002, 325: 697-700. 10.1136\/bmj.325.7366.697.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"1111_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.1585","volume":"19","author":"CL Bylund","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bylund CL, Brown R, Gueguen JA, Diamond C, Bianculli J, Kissane DW: The implementation and assessment of a comprehensive communication skills training curriculum for oncologists. Psychooncology. 2010, 19: 583-593.","journal-title":"Psychooncology"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"1111_CR6","first-page":"29","volume":"6","author":"JC Levenkron","year":"1990","unstructured":"Levenkron JC, Greenland P, Bowley N: Teaching risk-factor counseling skills: A comparison of two instructional methods. Am J Prev Med. 1990, 6 (Suppl 2): 29-34.","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"1111_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2923.1999.00332.x","volume":"33","author":"U Holm","year":"1999","unstructured":"Holm U, Aspegren K: Pedagogical methods and affect tolerance in medical students. Med Educ. 1999, 33: 14-18. 10.1046\/j.1365-2923.1999.00332.x.","journal-title":"Med Educ"},{"key":"1111_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02599950","volume":"10","author":"RC Smith","year":"1995","unstructured":"Smith RC, Mettler JA, St\u00f6ffelmayr BE, Lyles JS, Marshall AA, van Egeren LF, Osborn GG, Shebroe V: Improving residents\u2019 confidence in using psychosocial skills. J Gen Intern Med. 1995, 10: 315-320. 10.1007\/BF02599950.","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"1111_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2010.02.013","volume":"82","author":"D Doyle","year":"2011","unstructured":"Doyle D, Copeland HL, Bush D, Stein L, Thompson S: A course for nurses to handle difficult communication situations. A randomized controlled trial of impact on self-efficacy and performance. Patient Educ Couns. 2011, 82: 100-109. 10.1016\/j.pec.2010.02.013.","journal-title":"Patient Educ Couns"},{"key":"1111_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)07810-8","volume":"359","author":"L Fallowfield","year":"2002","unstructured":"Fallowfield L, Jenkins V, Farewell V, Saul J, Duffy A, Eves R: Efficacy of a Cancer Research UK communication skills training model for oncologists: A randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2002, 359: 650-656. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)07810-8.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1111_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6601459","volume":"90","author":"N Delvaux","year":"2004","unstructured":"Delvaux N, Razavi D, Marchal S, Bredart A, Farvacques C, Slachmuylder JL: Effects of a 105\u00a0hours psychological training program on attitudes, communication skills and occupational stress in oncology: A randomised study. Br J Cancer. 2004, 90: 106-114. 10.1038\/sj.bjc.6601459.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"1111_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38366.562685.8F","volume":"330","author":"V Jenkins","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jenkins V, Fallowfield L, Solis-Trapala I, Langridge C, Farewell V: Discussing randomised clinical trials of cancer therapy: Evaluation of a Cancer Research UK training programme. BMJ. 2005, 330: 400-403. 10.1136\/bmj.38366.562685.8F.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"1111_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.278.9.790","volume":"278","author":"JA Colliver","year":"1997","unstructured":"Colliver JA, Swartz MH: Assessing clinical performance with standardized patients. JAMA. 1997, 278: 790-791. 10.1001\/jama.278.9.790.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"1111_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.287.2.226","volume":"287","author":"RM Epstein","year":"2002","unstructured":"Epstein RM, Hundert EM: Defining and assessing professional competence. JAMA. 2002, 287: 226-235. 10.1001\/jama.287.2.226.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"1111_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1097\/00001888-200406000-00002","volume":"79","author":"FD Duffy","year":"2004","unstructured":"Duffy FD, Gordon GH, Whelan G, Cole-Kelly K, Frankel R, Buffone N, Lofton S, Wallace M, Goode L, Langdon L: Assessing competence in communication and interpersonal skills: The Kalamazoo II report. Acad Med. 2004, 79: 495-507. 10.1097\/00001888-200406000-00002.","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"key":"1111_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1097\/SIH.0b013e318182fc56","volume":"3","author":"L Bokken","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bokken L, Rethans JJ, Scherpbier A, van der Vleuten C: Strengths and weaknesses of simulated and real patients in the teaching of skills to medical students: A review. Sim Healthc. 2008, 3: 161-169. 10.1097\/SIH.0b013e318182fc56.","journal-title":"Sim Healthc"},{"key":"1111_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2923.2008.03268.x","volume":"43","author":"L Bokken","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bokken L, Linssen T, Scherpbier A, van der Vleuten C, Rethans JJ: Feedback by simulated patients in undergraduate medical education: A systematic review of the literature. Med Educ. 2009, 43: 202-210. 10.1111\/j.1365-2923.2008.03268.x.","journal-title":"Med Educ"},{"key":"1111_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2011.10.007","volume":"87","author":"HM Bosse","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bosse HM, Schultz J-H, Nickel M, Lutz T, M\u00f6ltner A, J\u00fcnger J, Huwendiek S, Nikendei C: The effect of using standardized patients or peer role play on ratings of undergraduate communication training: A randomized controlled trial. Patient Educ Couns. 2012, 87: 300-306. 10.1016\/j.pec.2011.10.007.","journal-title":"Patient Educ Couns"},{"key":"1111_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1080\/01421590903002821","volume":"31","author":"JA Cleland","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cleland JA, Abe K, Rethans JJ: The use of simulated patients in medical education: AMEE Guide No. 42. Med Teach. 2009, 31: 477-486. 10.1080\/01421590903002821.","journal-title":"Med Teach"},{"key":"1111_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.643","volume":"5","author":"K Fiscella","year":"2007","unstructured":"Fiscella K, Franks P, Srinivasan M, Kravitz RL, Epstein R: Ratings of physician communication by real and standardized patients. Ann Fam Med. 2007, 5: 151-158. 10.1370\/afm.643.","journal-title":"Ann Fam Med"},{"key":"1111_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3141","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2003.08.031","volume":"21","author":"D Razavi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Razavi D, Merckaert I, Marchal S, Libert Y, Conradt S, Boniver J, Etienne AM, Fontaine O, Janne P, Klastersky J, Reynaert C, Scalliet P, Slachmuylder JL, Delvaux N: How to optimize physicians\u2019 communication skills in cancer care: Results of a randomized study assessing the usefulness of posttraining consolidation workshops. J Clin Oncol. 2003, 21: 3141-3149. 10.1200\/JCO.2003.08.031.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"1111_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2397","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.21093","volume":"103","author":"N Delvaux","year":"2005","unstructured":"Delvaux N, Merckaert I, Marchal S, Libert Y, Conradt S, Boniver J, Etienne AM, Fontaine O, Janne P, Klastersky J, M\u00e9lot C, Reynaert C, Scalliet P, Slachmuylder JL, Razavi D: Physicians\u2019 communication with a cancer patient and a relative: A randomized study assessing the efficacy of consolidation workshops. Cancer. 2005, 103: 2397-2411. 10.1002\/cncr.21093.","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"1111_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2923.2010.03917.x","volume":"45","author":"ME Reinders","year":"2011","unstructured":"Reinders ME, Blankenstein AH, van Marwijk HW, Knol DL, Ram P, van der Horst HE, de Vet HC: Reliability of consultation skills assessments using standardised versus real patients. Med Educ. 2011, 45: 578-584. 10.1111\/j.1365-2923.2010.03917.x.","journal-title":"Med Educ"},{"key":"1111_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0b013e3181c48130","volume":"85","author":"L Bokken","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bokken L, Rethans JJ, J\u00f6bsis Q, Duvivier R, Scherpbier A, van der Vleuten C: Instructiveness of real patients and simulated patients in undergraduate medical education: A randomized experiment. Acad Med. 2010, 85: 148-154. 10.1097\/ACM.0b013e3181c48130.","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"key":"1111_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1097\/00001888-199910000-00017","volume":"74","author":"B Hodges","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hodges B, Regehr G, McNaughton N, Tiberius R, Hanson M: OSCE checklists do not capture increasing levels of expertise. Acad Med. 1999, 74: 1129-1134. 10.1097\/00001888-199910000-00017.","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"key":"1111_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2009.07.024","volume":"76","author":"A Malhotra","year":"2009","unstructured":"Malhotra A, Gregory I, Darvill E, Goble E, Pryce-Roberts A, Lundberg K, Konradsen S, Hafstad H: Mind the gap: Learners\u2019 perspectives on what they learn in communication compared to how they and others behave in the real world. Patient Educ Couns. 2009, 76: 385-390. 10.1016\/j.pec.2009.07.024.","journal-title":"Patient Educ Couns"},{"key":"1111_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2923.1980.tb02269.x","volume":"14","author":"RW Sanson-Fisher","year":"1980","unstructured":"Sanson-Fisher RW, Poole AD: Simulated patients and the assessment of medical students\u2019 interpersonal skills. Med Educ. 1980, 14: 249-253. 10.1111\/j.1365-2923.1980.tb02269.x.","journal-title":"Med Educ"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"1111_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-198903001-00010","volume":"275","author":"SH Kaplan","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kaplan SH, Greenfield S, Ware JE: Assessing the effects of physician-patient interactions on the outcomes of chronic disease. Med Care. 1989, 275 (Suppl 3): 110-127.","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"1111_CR29","first-page":"89","volume":"4","author":"LJ Fallowfield","year":"1990","unstructured":"Fallowfield LJ: Psychosocial adjustment after treatment for early breast cancer. Oncology (Williston Park). 1990, 4: 89-97.","journal-title":"Oncology (Williston Park)"},{"key":"1111_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0690(05)70005-7","volume":"16","author":"M Stewart","year":"2000","unstructured":"Stewart M, Meredith L, Brown JB, Galajda J: The influence of older patient-physician communication on health and health-related outcomes. Clin Geriatr Med. 2000, 16: 25-36. 10.1016\/S0749-0690(05)70005-7.","journal-title":"Clin Geriatr Med"},{"key":"1111_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2010.05.010","volume":"84","author":"IP Carvalho","year":"2011","unstructured":"Carvalho IP, Pais VG, Almeida SS, Ribeiro-Silva R, Figueiredo-Braga M, Teles A, Castro-Vale I, Mota-Cardoso R: Learning clinical communication skills: Outcomes of a program for professional practitioners. Patient Educ Couns. 2011, 84: 84-89. 10.1016\/j.pec.2010.05.010.","journal-title":"Patient Educ Couns"},{"key":"1111_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/S0738-3991(01)00136-7","volume":"45","author":"G Makoul","year":"2001","unstructured":"Makoul G: The SEGUE Framework for teaching and assessing communication skills. Patient Educ Couns. 2001, 45: 23-34. 10.1016\/S0738-3991(01)00136-7.","journal-title":"Patient Educ Couns"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"1111_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1097\/00001888-199601000-00052","volume":"71","author":"DS Cohen","year":"1996","unstructured":"Cohen DS, Colliver JA, Marcy MS, Fried ED, Swartz MH: Psychometric properties of a standardized-patient checklist and rating-scale form used to assess interpersonal and communication skills. Acad Med. 1996, 71 (Suppl 1): 87-89.","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"key":"1111_CR34","first-page":"184","volume":"37","author":"JM Schirmer","year":"2005","unstructured":"Schirmer JM, Mauksch L, Lang F, Marvel MK, Zoppi K, Epstein RM, Brock D, Pryzbylski M: Assessing communication competence: A review of current tools. Fam Med. 2005, 37: 184-192.","journal-title":"Fam Med"},{"key":"1111_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.267","volume":"3","author":"P Franks","year":"2005","unstructured":"Franks P, Fiscella K, Shields CG, Meldrum SC, Duberstein P, Jerant AF, Tancredi DJ, Epstein RM: Are patients\u2019 ratings of their physicians related to health outcomes?. Ann Fam Med. 2005, 3: 229-234. 10.1370\/afm.267.","journal-title":"Ann Fam Med"},{"key":"1111_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2005.05.027","volume":"62","author":"P Franks","year":"2006","unstructured":"Franks P, Jerant AF, Fiscella K, Shields CG, Tancredi DJ, Epstein RM: Studying physician effects on patient outcomes: Physician interactional style and performance on quality of care indicators. Soc Sci Med. 2006, 62: 422-432. 10.1016\/j.socscimed.2005.05.027.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"1111_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2923.1995.tb02866.x","volume":"29","author":"IG Finlay","year":"1995","unstructured":"Finlay IG, Stott NC, Kinnersley P: The assessment of communication skills in palliative medicine: A comparison of the scores of examiners and simulated patients. Med Educ. 1995, 29: 424-429. 10.1111\/j.1365-2923.1995.tb02866.x.","journal-title":"Med Educ"},{"key":"1111_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-140-11-200406010-00008","volume":"140","author":"ES Holmboe","year":"2004","unstructured":"Holmboe ES, Hawkins RE, Huot SJ: Effects of training in direct observation of medical residents\u2019 clinical competence: A randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2004, 140: 874-881. 10.7326\/0003-4819-140-11-200406010-00008.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"}],"container-title":["BMC Medical Education"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1472-6920-14-92\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1472-6920-14-92.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1472-6920-14-92","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1472-6920-14-92.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,22]],"date-time":"2019-01-22T09:53:15Z","timestamp":1548150795000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcmededuc.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1472-6920-14-92"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,9]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1111"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1472-6920-14-92","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6920"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6920","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 June 2013","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 April 2014","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 May 2014","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"92"}}