{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T21:30:11Z","timestamp":1768685411026,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microb Cell Fact"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The understanding of the molecular basis of yeast tolerance to ethanol may guide the design of rational strategies to increase process performance in industrial alcoholic fermentations. A set of 21 genes encoding multidrug transporters from the ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) Superfamily and Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) in <jats:italic>S. cerevisiae<\/jats:italic> were scrutinized for a role in ethanol stress resistance.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>A yeast multidrug resistance ABC transporter encoded by the <jats:italic>PDR18<\/jats:italic> gene, proposed to play a role in the incorporation of ergosterol in the yeast plasma membrane, was found to confer resistance to growth inhibitory concentrations of ethanol. <jats:italic>PDR18<\/jats:italic> expression was seen to contribute to decreased <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\u2009H-ethanol intracellular concentrations and decreased plasma membrane permeabilization of yeast cells challenged with inhibitory ethanol concentrations. Given the increased tolerance to ethanol of cells expressing <jats:italic>PDR18<\/jats:italic>, the final concentration of ethanol produced during high gravity alcoholic fermentation by yeast cells devoid of <jats:italic>PDR18<\/jats:italic> was lower than the final ethanol concentration produced by the corresponding parental strain. Moreover, an engineered yeast strain in which the <jats:italic>PDR18<\/jats:italic> promoter was replaced in the genome by the stronger <jats:italic>PDR5<\/jats:italic> promoter, leading to increased <jats:italic>PDR18<\/jats:italic> mRNA levels during alcoholic fermentation, was able to attain a 6\u2009% higher ethanol concentration and a 17\u2009% higher ethanol production yield than the parental strain. The improved fermentative performance of yeast cells over-expressing <jats:italic>PDR18<\/jats:italic> was found to correlate with their increased ethanol tolerance and ability to restrain plasma membrane permeabilization induced throughout high gravity fermentation.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              <jats:italic>PDR18<\/jats:italic> gene over-expression increases yeast ethanol tolerance and fermentation performance leading to the production of highly inhibitory concentrations of ethanol. <jats:italic>PDR18<\/jats:italic> overexpression in industrial yeast strains appears to be a promising approach to improve alcoholic fermentation performance for sustainable bio-ethanol production.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2859-11-98","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,28]],"date-time":"2012-07-28T04:41:47Z","timestamp":1343450507000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Increased expression of the yeast multidrug resistance ABC transporter Pdr18 leads to increased ethanol tolerance and ethanol production in high gravity alcoholic fermentation"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Miguel C","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Cl\u00e1udia P","family":"Godinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"T\u00e2nia R","family":"Cabrito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Nuno P","family":"Mira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"S\u00e1-Correia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"682_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt0706-777","volume":"24","author":"C Schubert","year":"2006","unstructured":"Schubert C: Can biofuels finally take center stage?. 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