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The use of an intermittent preventive treatment (IPT) with sulphadoxine\/pyrimethamine (SP) in pregnant women was introduced in Angola in 2006 by the National Malaria Control Programme, and currently this strategy has been considered to be used for children malaria control. Considering the previous wide use of SP combination in Angola, together to the reported cases of SP treatment failure it is crucial the evaluation of the prevalence of five mutations in <jats:italic>pfdhfr<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>pfdhps<\/jats:italic> genes associated to <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>falciparum<\/jats:italic> resistance to SP before the introduction of S\/P IPT in children.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The study was conducted in five provinces, with different transmission intensities: Huambo, Cabinda, U\u00edge, Kwanza Norte, and Malanje. The detection of the mutations in <jats:italic>pfdhfr<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>pfdhps<\/jats:italic> genes was carried out in 452 <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>falciparum<\/jats:italic> blood samples by PCR RFLP.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>For <jats:italic>pfdhfr<\/jats:italic> gene, 90,3% of the samples carried the mutation 51<jats:bold>I<\/jats:bold>, with 7.5% of mixed infections; 51% carried wild type allele 59<jats:bold>C<\/jats:bold>, with 29.2% mixed infections and; 99.1% of isolates harboured the mutant allele 108<jats:bold>N<\/jats:bold>. Concerning, <jats:italic>pfdhps<\/jats:italic> gene, 83,1% were mutant type 437<jats:bold>G<\/jats:bold> with 11% mixed infections , while 87% of the studied isolates were wild type for codon 540.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This is the first representative epidemiological study of the whole Angola country on the prevalence of the genotypes associated with SP chemoresistance. A high frequency of individual mutations in both genes (51<jats:bold>I<\/jats:bold> and 108<jats:bold>N<\/jats:bold> in <jats:italic>pfdhfr<\/jats:italic>, and 437<jats:bold>G<\/jats:bold> in <jats:italic>pfdhps<\/jats:italic>) was found, besides a low prevalence of the quintuple mutation.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The data showed that the implementation IPT using SP in children needs to be reviewed.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-10-22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,8]],"date-time":"2011-02-08T15:00:34Z","timestamp":1297177234000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Evaluation of prevalence's of pfdhfr and pfdhps mutations in Angola"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Filomeno","family":"Fortes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Dimbu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Figueiredo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Zoraima","family":"Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Virg\u00edlio E","family":"do Ros\u00e1rio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Dinora","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"1604_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.30875\/8466f5ca-en","volume-title":"World Malaria Report 2005","author":"World Health Organization\/UNICEF","year":"2005","unstructured":"World Health Organization\/UNICEF: World Malaria Report 2005. 2005, [http:\/\/whqlibdoc.who.int\/publications\/2005\/9241593199_eng.pdf]"},{"key":"1604_CR2","first-page":"1005","volume":"61","author":"BJ Brabin","year":"1983","unstructured":"Brabin BJ: An analysis of malaria in pregnancy in Africa. 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