{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T23:09:06Z","timestamp":1772752146406,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Nanobiotechnol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>Molecular nanodiagnostics applied to cancer may provide rapid and sensitive detection of cancer related molecular alterations, which would enable early detection even when those alterations occur only in a small percentage of cells. The use of gold nanoparticles derivatized with thiol modified oligonucleotides (Au-nanoprobes) for the detection of specific nucleic acid targets has been gaining momentum as an alternative to more traditional methodologies. Here, we present an Au-nanoparticles based approach for the molecular recognition and quantification of the <jats:italic>BCR-ABL<\/jats:italic> fusion transcript (mRNA), which is responsible for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), and to the best of our knowledge it is the first time quantification of a specific mRNA directly in cancer cells is reported. This inexpensive and very easy to perform Au-nanoprobe based method allows quantification of unamplified total human RNA and specific detection of the oncogene transcript. The sensitivity settled by the Au-nanoprobes allows differential gene expression from 10 ng\/\u03bcl of total RNA and takes less than 30 min to complete after total RNA extraction, minimizing RNA degradation. Also, at later stages, accumulation of malignant mutations may lead to resistance to chemotherapy and consequently poor outcome. Such a method, allowing for fast and direct detection and quantification of the chimeric <jats:italic>BCR-ABL<\/jats:italic> mRNA, could speed up diagnostics and, if appropriate, revision of therapy. This assay may constitute a promising tool in early diagnosis of CML and could easily be extended to further target genes with proven involvement in cancer development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-3155-8-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,24]],"date-time":"2010-02-24T19:15:33Z","timestamp":1267038933000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["RNA quantification using gold nanoprobes - application to cancer diagnostics"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Conde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jes\u00fas M","family":"de la Fuente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pedro V","family":"Baptista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"80_CR1","unstructured":"National Cancer Institute: [http:\/\/nano.cancer.gov\/]"},{"issue":"6592","key":"80_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1038\/382607a0","volume":"382","author":"CA Mirkin","year":"1996","unstructured":"Mirkin CA, Letsinger RL, Mucic RC, Storhoff JJ: A DNA-based method for rationally assembling nanoparticles into macroscopic materials. Nature. 1996, 382 (6592): 607-609. 10.1038\/382607a0.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"7","key":"80_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt977","volume":"22","author":"JJ Storhoff","year":"2004","unstructured":"Storhoff JJ, Lucas AD, Garimella V, Bao YP, Muller UR: Homogeneous detection of unamplified genomic DNA sequences based on colorimetric scatter of gold nanoparticle probes. Nat Biotechnol. 2004, 22 (7): 883-887. 10.1038\/nbt977.","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"80_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cccn.2005.05.042","volume":"363","author":"CS Thaxton","year":"2006","unstructured":"Thaxton CS, Georganopoulou DG, Mirkin CA: Gold nanoparticle probes for the detection of nucleic acid targets. Clin Chim Acta. 2006, 363 (1-2): 120-126. 10.1016\/j.cccn.2005.05.042.","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"issue":"3","key":"80_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-007-1768-z","volume":"391","author":"P Baptista","year":"2008","unstructured":"Baptista P, Pereira E, Eaton P, Doria G, Miranda A, Gomes I, Quaresma P, Franco R: Gold nanoparticles for the development of clinical diagnosis methods. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2008, 391 (3): 943-950. 10.1007\/s00216-007-1768-z.","journal-title":"Anal Bioanal Chem"},{"issue":"2","key":"80_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiotec.2005.02.019","volume":"119","author":"P Baptista","year":"2005","unstructured":"Baptista P, Doria G, Henriques D, Pereira E, Franco R: Colorimetric detection of eukaryotic gene expression with DNA-derivatized gold nanoparticles. J Biotechnol. 2005, 119 (2): 111-117. 10.1016\/j.jbiotec.2005.02.019.","journal-title":"J Biotechnol"},{"issue":"7","key":"80_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2005.065391","volume":"52","author":"PV Baptista","year":"2006","unstructured":"Baptista PV, Koziol-Montewka M, Paluch-Oles J, Doria G, Franco R: Gold-nanoparticle-probe-based assay for rapid and direct detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA in clinical samples. Clin Chem. 2006, 52 (7): 1433-1434. 10.1373\/clinchem.2005.065391.","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"80_CR8","volume-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect","author":"P Costa","year":"2009","unstructured":"Costa P, Amaro A, Botelho A, In\u00e1cio J, Baptista PV: Gold nanoprobes assay for identification of mycobacteria from the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2009,"},{"issue":"4","key":"80_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-nbt:20070001","volume":"1","author":"G Doria","year":"2007","unstructured":"Doria G, Franco R, Baptista P: Nanodiagnostics: fast colorimetric method for single nucleotide polymorphism\/mutation detection. IET Nanobiotechnol. 2007, 1 (4): 53-57. 10.1049\/iet-nbt:20070001.","journal-title":"IET Nanobiotechnol"},{"issue":"7","key":"80_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.200801334","volume":"5","author":"J Griffin","year":"2009","unstructured":"Griffin J, Singh AK, Senapati D, Lee E, Gaylor K, Jones-Boone J, Ray PC: Sequence-specific HCV RNA quantification using the size-dependent nonlinear optical properties of gold nanoparticles. Small. 2009, 5 (7): 839-845. 10.1002\/smll.200801334.","journal-title":"Small"},{"issue":"9584","key":"80_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61165-9","volume":"370","author":"R Hehlmann","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hehlmann R, Hochhaus A, Baccarani M: Chronic myeloid leukaemia. Lancet. 2007, 370 (9584): 342-350. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61165-9.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"8","key":"80_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2402577","volume":"16","author":"AS Shet","year":"2002","unstructured":"Shet AS, Jahagirdar BN, Verfaillie CM: Chronic myelogenous leukemia: mechanisms underlying disease progression. Leukemia. 2002, 16 (8): 1402-1411. 10.1038\/sj.leu.2402577.","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"issue":"3","key":"80_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc1567","volume":"5","author":"R Ren","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ren R: Mechanisms of BCR-ABL in the pathogenesis of chronic myelogenous leukaemia. Nat Rev Cancer. 2005, 5 (3): 172-183. 10.1038\/nrc1567.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"80_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.22.012703.104753","volume":"22","author":"S Wong","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wong S, Witte ON: The BCR-ABL story: bench to bedside and back. Annu Rev Immunol. 2004, 22: 247-306. 10.1146\/annurev.immunol.22.012703.104753.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"80_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1038\/84591","volume":"7","author":"J Melo","year":"2001","unstructured":"Melo J: Inviting leukemic cells to waltz with the devil. Nat Med. 2001, 7 (2): 156-157. 10.1038\/84591.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"80_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.21096","volume":"83","author":"J Ou","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ou J, Vergilio JA, Bagg A: Molecular diagnosis and monitoring in the clinical management of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Am J Hematol. 2008, 83 (4): 296-302. 10.1002\/ajh.21096.","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"issue":"11","key":"80_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(07)70342-X","volume":"8","author":"JF Apperley","year":"2007","unstructured":"Apperley JF: Part I: mechanisms of resistance to imatinib in chronic myeloid leukaemia. Lancet Oncol. 2007, 8 (11): 1018-1029. 10.1016\/S1470-2045(07)70342-X.","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"10","key":"80_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1850","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2401899","volume":"14","author":"T Burmeister","year":"2000","unstructured":"Burmeister T, Maurer J, Aivado M, Elmaagacli AH, Grunebach F, Held KR, Hess G, Hochhaus A, Hoppner W, Lentes KU, Lubbert M, Schafer KL, Schafhausen P, Schmidt CA, Schuler F, Seeger K, Seelig R, Thiede C, Viehmann S, Weber C, Wilhelm S, Christmann A, Clement JH, Ebener U, Enczmann J, Leo R, Schleuning M, Schoch R, Thiel E: Quality assurance in RT-PCR-based BCR\/ABL diagnostics--results of an interlaboratory test and a standardization approach. Leukemia. 2000, 14 (10): 1850-1856. 10.1038\/sj.leu.2401899.","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"issue":"12","key":"80_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2474","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2403136","volume":"17","author":"E Beillard","year":"2003","unstructured":"Beillard E, Pallisgaard N, van dVV, Bi W, Dee R, van der SE, Delabesse E, Macintyre E, Gottardi E, Saglio G, Watzinger F, Lion T, van Dongen JJ, Hokland P, Gabert J: Evaluation of candidate control genes for diagnosis and residual disease detection in leukemic patients using 'real-time' quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) - a Europe against cancer program. Leukemia. 2003, 17 (12): 2474-2486. 10.1038\/sj.leu.2403136.","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"issue":"12","key":"80_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2318","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2403135","volume":"17","author":"J Gabert","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gabert J, Beillard E, van dVV, Bi W, Grimwade D, Pallisgaard N, Barbany G, Cazzaniga G, Cayuela JM, Cave H, Pane F, Aerts JL, De MD, Thirion X, Pradel V, Gonzalez M, Viehmann S, Malec M, Saglio G, van Dongen JJ: Standardization and quality control studies of 'real-time' quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction of fusion gene transcripts for residual disease detection in leukemia - a Europe Against Cancer program. Leukemia. 2003, 17 (12): 2318-2357. 10.1038\/sj.leu.2403135.","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"issue":"17","key":"80_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3391","DOI":"10.1021\/j100214a025","volume":"86","author":"PC Lee","year":"1982","unstructured":"Lee PC, Meisel D: Adsorption and surface-enhanced Raman of dyes on silver and gold sols. J Phys Chem. 1982, 86 (17): 3391-3395. 10.1021\/j100214a025.","journal-title":"J Phys Chem"}],"container-title":["Journal of Nanobiotechnology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1477-3155-8-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T11:28:53Z","timestamp":1630495733000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jnanobiotechnology.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1477-3155-8-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,24]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]}},"alternative-id":["80"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1477-3155-8-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1477-3155"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1477-3155","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 November 2009","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 February 2010","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 February 2010","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"5"}}