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Serial dilutions (0.001 to 0.1 M) of either Au DENPs or iohexol were scanned by CT <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>. Based on these results, Au DENPs were injected into mice, either subcutaneously (10 \u03bcL, 0.007 to 0.02 M) or intravenously (300 \u03bcL, 0.2 M), after which the mice were imaged by micro-CT or a standard mammography unit. Au DENPs prepared using G5.NH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> dendrimers as templates are quite uniform and have a size range of 2 to 4 nm. At Au concentrations above 0.01 M, the CT value of Au DENPs was higher than that of iohexol. A 10-\u03bcL subcutaneous dose of Au DENPs with [Au] \u2265 0.009 M could be detected by micro-CT. The vascular system could be imaged 5 and 20 min after injection of Au DENPs into the tail vein, and the urinary system could be imaged after 60 min. At comparable time points, the vascular system could not be imaged using iohexol, and the urinary system was imaged only indistinctly. Findings from this study suggested that Au DENPs prepared using G5.NH<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> dendrimers as templates have good X-ray attenuation and a substantial circulation time. As their abundant surface amine groups have the ability to bind to a range of biological molecules, Au DENPs have the potential to be a useful MI probe for CT.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/1556-276x-7-190","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,19]],"date-time":"2012-03-19T11:16:31Z","timestamp":1332155791000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Dendrimer-entrapped gold nanoparticles as potential CT contrast agents for blood pool imaging"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Han","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Linfeng","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mingwu","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Xiangyang","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Guixiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"733_CR1","first-page":"4444","volume-title":"Chem Commun (Camb)","author":"E Garanger","year":"2009","unstructured":"Garanger E, Hilderbrand SA, Blois JT, Sosnovik DE, Weissleder R, Josephson L: A DNA-binding Gd chelate for the detection of cell death by MRI. 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