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We also determined anti-Smith antigen (anti-Sm) and anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibody levels. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed and the best cut-off points for positivity were determined. Using regression analysis, the relationship between clinical variables and autoantibody levels was analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In total, 127 patients with SLE, 256 controls with other rheumatic diseases, and 100 HCs were studied. Anti-Rib-P autoantibodies were positive in 18 (14.2%) of the patients with SLE (mean concentration of 30.6\u2009\u00b1\u200946.9 U\/ml) and in 2 patients with RA (0.8% of the RDC group). In addition, 12 patients with SLE (9.4%) were positive for anti-Sm (31.1\u2009\u00b1\u200940.8 U\/ml) and 63 (49.6%) were positive for anti-dsDNA autoantibodies (88.4\u2009\u00b1\u200988.5 U\/ml). When we assessed the 18 patients with SLE who had tested positive for anti-Rib-P, we found that 4 of these were positive for anti-Rib-P only, whereas 12 were positive for anti-Rib-P plus anti-dsDNA, and 2 were positive for all three antibodies. There were no samples positive for anti-Rib-P plus anti-Sm. The specificity, sensitivity, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio of anti-Rib-P for SLE diagnosis were 99.4%, 14.2%, 23.7%, and 0.86%, respectively.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Caucasian ethnicity was associated with lower anti-Rib-P antibody levels. No relation was found between anti-Rib-P levels and neuropsychiatric or other clinical features.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anti-Rib-P autoantibodies have high specificity for SLE, and measurement of these might improve the accuracy of SLE diagnosis. In this study, we found that Caucasian ethnicity was associated with lower anti-Rib-P antibody levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-11-98","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,4]],"date-time":"2013-04-04T08:54:15Z","timestamp":1365065655000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Anti-ribosomal P protein IgG autoantibodies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: diagnostic performance and clinical profile"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Diana","family":"Carmona-Fernandes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Maria Jos\u00e9","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Canh\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Eurico","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"717_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2010.09.007","volume":"10","author":"R Gualtierotti","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gualtierotti R, Biggioggero M, Penatti AE, Meroni PL: Updating on the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus. 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