{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T20:09:16Z","timestamp":1770062956697,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neuroinflammation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The classic neuritic \u03b2-amyloid plaque of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is typically associated with activated microglia and neuroinflammation. Similarly, cerebrovascular \u03b2-amyloid (A\u03b2) deposits are surrounded by perivascular macrophages. Both observations indicate a contribution of the mononuclear phagocyte system to the development of \u03b2-amyloid.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Human CD14-positive mononuclear phagocytes were isolated from EDTA-anticoagulated blood by magnetic activated cell sorting. After a cultivation period of 72 hours in serum-free medium we assessed the protein levels of amyloid precursor protein (APP) as well as the patterns and the amounts of released A\u03b2 peptides by ELISA or one-dimensional and two-dimensional urea-based SDS-PAGE followed by western immunoblotting.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We observed strong and significant increases in A\u03b2 peptide release upon phagocytosis of acetylated low density lipoprotein (acLDL) or polystyrene beads and also after activation of the CD14\/TLR4 pathway by stimulation with LPS. The proportion of released N-terminally truncated A\u03b2 variants was increased after stimulation with polystyrene beads and acLDL but not after stimulation with LPS. Furthermore, strong shifts in the proportions of single A\u03b2<jats:sub>1-40<\/jats:sub>and A\u03b2<jats:sub>2-40<\/jats:sub>variants were detected resulting in a stimulus-specific A\u03b2 signature. The increased release of A\u03b2 peptides was accompanied by elevated levels of full length APP in the cells. The maturation state of APP was correlated with the release of N-terminally truncated A\u03b2 peptides.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>These findings indicate that mononuclear phagocytes potentially contribute to the various N-truncated A\u03b2 variants found in AD \u03b2-amyloid plaques, especially under neuroinflammatory conditions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-7-59","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,7]],"date-time":"2010-10-07T18:15:01Z","timestamp":1286475301000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Phagocytosis and LPS alter the maturation state of \u03b2-amyloid precursor protein and induce different A\u03b2 peptide release signatures in human mononuclear phagocytes"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Philipp","family":"Spitzer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Herrmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hans-Wolfgang","family":"Klafki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Smirnov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Lewczuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Kornhuber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Wiltfang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Juan Manuel","family":"Maler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"271_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"re1.","DOI":"10.1126\/sageke.2006.6.re1","volume":"2006","author":"DR Thal","year":"2006","unstructured":"Thal DR, Capetillo-Zarate E, Del TK, Braak H: The development of amyloid beta protein deposits in the aged brain. Sci Aging Knowledge Environ. 2006, 2006 (6): re1.-10.1126\/sageke.2006.6.re1.","journal-title":"Sci Aging Knowledge Environ"},{"key":"271_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-199704000-00001","volume":"56","author":"DW Dickson","year":"1997","unstructured":"Dickson DW: The pathogenesis of senile plaques. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1997, 56: 321-339. 10.1097\/00005072-199704000-00001.","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"271_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.2001.81.2.741","volume":"81","author":"DJ Selkoe","year":"2001","unstructured":"Selkoe DJ: Alzheimer's disease: genes, proteins, and therapy. Physiol Rev. 2001, 81: 741-766.","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"271_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1006\/neur.1996.0002","volume":"5","author":"H Fukumoto","year":"1996","unstructured":"Fukumoto H, Asami-Odaka A, Suzuki N, Iwatsubo T: Association of A beta 40-positive senile plaques with microglial cells in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease and in non-demented aged individuals. Neurodegeneration. 1996, 5: 13-17. 10.1006\/neur.1996.0002.","journal-title":"Neurodegeneration"},{"key":"271_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1827.1996.tb03528.x","volume":"46","author":"A Sasaki","year":"1996","unstructured":"Sasaki A, Nakazato Y, Ogawa A, Sugihara S: The immunophenotype of perivascular cells in the human brain. Pathol Int. 1996, 46: 15-23. 10.1111\/j.1440-1827.1996.tb03528.x.","journal-title":"Pathol Int"},{"key":"271_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00334667","volume":"85","author":"HM Wisniewski","year":"1993","unstructured":"Wisniewski HM, Weigel J: Migration of perivascular cells into the neuropil and their involvement in beta-amyloid plaque formation. Acta Neuropathol. 1993, 85: 586-595. 10.1007\/BF00334667.","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"271_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2003.01818.x","volume":"85","author":"N Sergeant","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sergeant N, Bombois S, Ghestem A, Drobecq H, Kostanjevecki V, Missiaen C, Wattez A, David JP, Vanmechelen E, Sergheraert C, Delacourte A: Truncated beta-amyloid peptide species in pre-clinical Alzheimer's disease as new targets for the vaccination approach. J Neurochem. 2003, 85: 1581-1591. 10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2003.01818.x.","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"271_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2006.08.027","volume":"143","author":"A G\u00fcntert","year":"2006","unstructured":"G\u00fcntert A, D\u00f6beli H, Bohrmann B: High sensitivity analysis of amyloid-\u03b2 peptide composition in amyloid deposits from human and PS2APP mouse brain. Neuroscience. 2006, 143: 461-475. 10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2006.08.027.","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"271_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1997.7083","volume":"237","author":"YM Kuo","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kuo YM, Emmerling MR, Woods AS, Cotter RJ, Roher AE: Isolation, chemical characterization, and quantitation of A\u03b2 3-pyroglutamyl peptide from neuritic plaques and vascular amyloid deposits. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997, 237: 188-191. 10.1006\/bbrc.1997.7083.","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"271_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-007-0284-8","volume":"114","author":"JC Fiala","year":"2007","unstructured":"Fiala JC: Mechanisms of amyloid plaque pathogenesis. Acta Neuropathol. 2007, 114: 551-571. 10.1007\/s00401-007-0284-8.","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"271_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2004-6107","volume":"6","author":"SH Pasternak","year":"2004","unstructured":"Pasternak SH, Callahan JW, Mahuran DJ: The role of the endosomal\/lysosomal system in amyloid-beta production and the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease: reexamining the spatial paradox from a lysosomal perspective. J Alzheimers Dis. 2004, 6: 53-65.","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"271_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23950","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)35929-5","volume":"267","author":"U M\u00f6nning","year":"1992","unstructured":"M\u00f6nning U, K\u00f6nig G, Banati RB, Mechler H, Czech C, Gehrmann J, Schreiter-Gasser U, Masters CL, Beyreuther K: Alzheimer beta A4-amyloid protein precursor in immunocompetent cells. J Biol Chem. 1992, 267: 23950-23956.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"271_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(91)80508-Z","volume":"282","author":"J Bauer","year":"1991","unstructured":"Bauer J, Konig G, Strauss S, Jonas U, Ganter U, Weidemann A, Monning U, Masters CL, Volk B, Berger M: In-vitro matured human macrophages express Alzheimer's beta A4-amyloid precursor protein indicating synthesis in microglial cells. FEBS Lett. 1991, 282: 335-340. 10.1016\/0014-5793(91)80508-Z.","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"271_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5566","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.150.12.5566","volume":"150","author":"S Ledoux","year":"1993","unstructured":"Ledoux S, Rebai N, Dagenais A, Shaw IT, Nalbantoglu J, Sekaly RP, Cashman NR: Amyloid precursor protein in peripheral mononuclear cells is up-regulated with cell activation. J Immunol. 1993, 150: 5566-5575.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"271_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(89)90177-3","volume":"57","author":"A Weidemann","year":"1989","unstructured":"Weidemann A, Konig G, Bunke D, Fischer P, Salbaum JM, Masters CL, Beyreuther K: Identification, biogenesis, and localization of precursors of Alzheimer's disease A4 amyloid protein. Cell. 1989, 57: 115-126. 10.1016\/0092-8674(89)90177-3.","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"271_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.1996.0296","volume":"331","author":"P Pahlsson","year":"1996","unstructured":"Pahlsson P, Spitalnik SL: The role of glycosylation in synthesis and secretion of beta-amyloid precursor protein by Chinese hamster ovary cells. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1996, 331: 177-186. 10.1006\/abbi.1996.0296.","journal-title":"Arch Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"271_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(98)00361-3","volume":"90","author":"I McFarlane","year":"1999","unstructured":"McFarlane I, Georgopoulou N, Coughlan CM, Gillian AM, Breen KC: The role of the protein glycosylation state in the control of cellular transport of the amyloid beta precursor protein. Neuroscience. 1999, 90: 15-25. 10.1016\/S0306-4522(98)00361-3.","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"271_CR18","first-page":"399","volume":"148","author":"RH Christie","year":"1996","unstructured":"Christie RH, Freeman M, Hyman BT: Expression of the macrophage scavenger receptor, a multifunctional lipoprotein receptor, in microglia associated with senile plaques in Alzheimer's disease. Am J Pathol. 1996, 148: 399-403.","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"271_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-003-0029-5","volume":"25","author":"S Horiuchi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Horiuchi S, Sakamoto Y, Sakai M: Scavenger receptors for oxidized and glycated proteins. Amino Acids. 2003, 25: 283-292. 10.1007\/s00726-003-0029-5.","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"271_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59-","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-9-59","volume":"9","author":"TH Sulahian","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sulahian TH, Imrich A, Deloid G, Winkler AR, Kobzik L: Signaling pathways required for macrophage scavenger receptor-mediated phagocytosis: analysis by scanning cytometry. Respir Res. 2008, 9: 59--10.1186\/1465-9921-9-59.","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"271_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20021546","volume":"197","author":"JB El Khoury","year":"2003","unstructured":"El Khoury JB, Moore KJ, Means TK, Leung J, Terada K, Toft M, Freeman MW, Luster AD: CD36 mediates the innate host response to beta-amyloid. J Exp Med. 2003, 197: 1657-1666. 10.1084\/jem.20021546.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"271_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80187-7","volume":"17","author":"DM Paresce","year":"1996","unstructured":"Paresce DM, Ghosh RN, Maxfield FR: Microglial cells internalize aggregates of the Alzheimer's disease amyloid beta-protein via a scavenger receptor. Neuron. 1996, 17: 553-565. 10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80187-7.","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"271_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1778","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh531","volume":"128","author":"Y Liu","year":"2005","unstructured":"Liu Y, Walter S, Stagi M, Cherny D, Letiembre M, Schulz-Schaeffer W, Heine H, Penke B, Neumann H, Fassbender K: LPS receptor (CD14): a receptor for phagocytosis of Alzheimer's amyloid peptide. Brain. 2005, 128: 1778-1789. 10.1093\/brain\/awh531.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"271_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.04.003","volume":"22","author":"JM Maler","year":"2008","unstructured":"Maler JM, Spitzer P, Klafki HW, Esselmann H, Bibl M, Lewczuk P, Kornhuber J, Herrmann M, Wiltfang J: Adherence-dependent shifts in the patterns of beta-amyloid peptides secreted by human mononuclear phagocytes. Brain Behav Immun. 2008, 22: 1044-1048. 10.1016\/j.bbi.2008.04.003.","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"271_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2002.00818.x","volume":"81","author":"J Wiltfang","year":"2002","unstructured":"Wiltfang J, Esselmann H, Bibl M, Smirnov A, Otto M, Paul S, Schmidt B, Klafki HW, Maler M, Dyrks T, Bienert M, Beyermann M, R\u00fcther E, Kornhuber J: Highly conserved and disease-specific patterns of carboxyterminally truncated A\u03b2 peptides 1-37\/38\/39 in addition to 1-40\/42 in Alzheimer's disease and in patients with chronic neuroinflammation. J Neurochem. 2002, 81: 481-496. 10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2002.00818.x.","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"271_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3815","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.200700311","volume":"7","author":"JM Maler","year":"2007","unstructured":"Maler JM, Klafki HW, Paul S, Spitzer P, Groemer TW, Henkel AW, Esselmann H, Lewczuk P, Kornhuber J, Wiltfang J: Urea-based two-dimensional electrophoresis of \u03b2-amyloid peptides in human plasma: evidence for novel Abeta species. Proteomics. 2007, 7: 3815-3820. 10.1002\/pmic.200700311.","journal-title":"Proteomics"},{"key":"271_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42645","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M102790200","volume":"276","author":"J Wiltfang","year":"2001","unstructured":"Wiltfang J, Esselmann H, Cupers P, Neumann M, Kretzschmar H, Beyermann M, Schleuder D, Jahn H, R\u00fcther E, Kornhuber J, Annaert W, De Strooper B, Saftig P: Elevation of \u03b2-amyloid peptide 2-42 in sporadic and familial Alzheimer's disease and its generation in PS1 knockout cells. J Biol Chem. 2001, 276: 42645-42657. 10.1074\/jbc.M102790200.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"271_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1038\/227680a0","volume":"227","author":"UK Laemmli","year":"1970","unstructured":"Laemmli UK: Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature. 1970, 227: 680-685. 10.1038\/227680a0.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"271_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4350","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.76.9.4350","volume":"76","author":"H Towbin","year":"1979","unstructured":"Towbin H, Staehelin T, Gordon J: Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: procedure and some applications. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1979, 76: 4350-4354. 10.1073\/pnas.76.9.4350.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"271_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11982","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3158-09.2009","volume":"29","author":"EG Reed-Geaghan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Reed-Geaghan EG, Savage JC, Hise AG, Landreth GE: CD14 and toll-like receptors 2 and 4 are required for fibrillar A\u03b2-stimulated microglial activation. J Neurosci. 2009, 29: 11982-11992. 10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3158-09.2009.","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"271_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(99)00051-2","volume":"20","author":"SS Jung","year":"1999","unstructured":"Jung SS, Gauthier S, Cashman NR: Beta-amyloid precursor protein is detectable on monocytes and is increased in Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging. 1999, 20: 249-257. 10.1016\/S0197-4580(99)00051-2.","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"271_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16084","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.27.16084","volume":"271","author":"L Bitting","year":"1996","unstructured":"Bitting L, Naidu A, Cordell B, Murphy GM: Beta-amyloid peptide secretion by a microglial cell line is induced by beta-amyloid-(25-35) and lipopolysaccharide. J Biol Chem. 1996, 271: 16084-16089. 10.1074\/jbc.271.27.16084.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"271_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26774","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.45.26774","volume":"270","author":"M Grilli","year":"1995","unstructured":"Grilli M, Ribola M, Alberici A, Valerio A, Memo M, Spano P: Identification and characterization of a kappa B\/Rel binding site in the regulatory region of the amyloid precursor protein gene. J Biol Chem. 1995, 270: 26774-26777. 10.1074\/jbc.270.45.26774.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"271_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2006.12.029","volume":"415","author":"D Paris","year":"2007","unstructured":"Paris D, Patel N, Quadros A, Linan M, Bakshi P, Ait-Ghezala G, Mullan M: Inhibition of Abeta production by NF-kappaB inhibitors. Neurosci Lett. 2007, 415: 11-16. 10.1016\/j.neulet.2006.12.029.","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"271_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1006\/neur.1995.0006","volume":"4","author":"J Beer","year":"1995","unstructured":"Beer J, Masters CL, Beyreuther K: Cells from peripheral tissues that exhibit high APP expression are characterized by their high membrane fusion activity. Neurodegeneration. 1995, 4: 51-59. 10.1006\/neur.1995.0006.","journal-title":"Neurodegeneration"},{"key":"271_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1006\/smim.2001.0332","volume":"13","author":"JW Booth","year":"2001","unstructured":"Booth JW, Trimble WS, Grinstein S: Membrane dynamics in phagocytosis. Semin Immunol. 2001, 13: 357-364. 10.1006\/smim.2001.0332.","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"key":"271_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00028.2007","volume":"22","author":"KK Huynh","year":"2007","unstructured":"Huynh KK, Kay JG, Stow JL, Grinstein S: Fusion, fission, and secretion during phagocytosis. Physiology (Bethesda). 2007, 22: 366-372.","journal-title":"Physiology (Bethesda)"},{"key":"271_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1957","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-008-7578-4","volume":"65","author":"E Groves","year":"2008","unstructured":"Groves E, Dart AE, Covarelli V, Caron E: Molecular mechanisms of phagocytic uptake in mammalian cells. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2008, 65: 1957-1976. 10.1007\/s00018-008-7578-4.","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"271_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(88)83078-9","volume":"53","author":"SI Simon","year":"1988","unstructured":"Simon SI, Schmid-Schonbein GW: Biophysical aspects of microsphere engulfment by human neutrophils. Biophys J. 1988, 53: 163-173. 10.1016\/S0006-3495(88)83078-9.","journal-title":"Biophys J"},{"key":"271_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22-","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-7-22","volume":"7","author":"CM Sondag","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sondag CM, Combs CK: Adhesion of monocytes to type I collagen stimulates an APP-dependent proinflammatory signaling response and release of Abeta1-40. J Neuroinflammation. 2010, 7: 22--10.1186\/1742-2094-7-22.","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"271_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2000.741131.x","volume":"74","author":"R Cescato","year":"2000","unstructured":"Cescato R, Dumermuth E, Spiess M, Paganetti PA: Increased generation of alternatively cleaved beta-amyloid peptides in cells expressing mutants of the amyloid precursor protein defective in endocytosis. J Neurochem. 2000, 74: 1131-1139. 10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2000.741131.x.","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"271_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1021\/bi015685+","volume":"41","author":"W Kalback","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kalback W, Watson MD, Kokjohn TA, Kuo YM, Weiss N, Luehrs DC, Lopez J, Brune D, Sisodia SS, Staufenbiel M, Emmerling M, Roher AE: APP transgenic mice Tg2576 accumulate Abeta peptides that are distinct from the chemically modified and insoluble peptides deposited in Alzheimer's disease senile plaques. Biochemistry. 2002, 41: 922-928. 10.1021\/bi015685+.","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"271_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23895","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.41.23895","volume":"270","author":"CJ Pike","year":"1995","unstructured":"Pike CJ, Overman MJ, Cotman CW: Amino-terminal deletions enhance aggregation of beta-amyloid peptides in vitro. J Biol Chem. 1995, 270: 23895-23898. 10.1074\/jbc.270.41.23895.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"271_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34882","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M300825200","volume":"278","author":"G Bitan","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bitan G, Vollers SS, Teplow DB: Elucidation of primary structure elements controlling early amyloid beta-protein oligomerization. J Biol Chem. 2003, 278: 34882-34889. 10.1074\/jbc.M300825200.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"271_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-6606-3-11","volume":"3","author":"A Lorenzen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lorenzen A, Samosh J, Vandewark K, Anborgh PH, Seah C, Magalhaes AC, Cregan SP, Ferguson SS, Pasternak SH: Rapid and direct transport of cell surface APP to the lysosome defines a novel selective pathway. Mol Brain. 2010, 3: 11-10.1186\/1756-6606-3-11.","journal-title":"Mol Brain"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neuroinflammation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/1742-2094-7-59.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,3]],"date-time":"2023-06-03T18:24:42Z","timestamp":1685816682000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jneuroinflammation.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1742-2094-7-59"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,7]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,12]]}},"alternative-id":["271"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1742-2094-7-59","relation":{},"ISSN":["1742-2094"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1742-2094","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"31 August 2010","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 October 2010","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 October 2010","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"59"}}