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In the present study, the influence of breed and diet on liver lipid composition and gene expression was investigated in order to clarify the role of this organ in the lipid metabolism of ruminants. Forty purebred young bulls from two phylogenetically distant autochthonous cattle breeds, Alentejana and Barros\u00e3, were assigned to two different diets (low<jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>. high silage) and slaughtered at 18\u00a0months of age. Liver fatty acid composition, mRNA levels of enzymes and transcription factors involved in lipid metabolism, as well as the plasma lipid profile, were assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In spite of similar plasma non-esterified fatty acids levels, liver triacylglycerols content was higher in Barros\u00e3 than in Alentejana bulls. Moreover, the fatty acid composition of liver was clearly distinct from the remaining tissues involved in fatty acid metabolism of ruminants, as shown by Principal Components Analysis. The hepatic tissue is particularly rich in \u03b1-linolenic acid and their products of desaturation and elongation. Results indicate that<jats:italic>DGAT1<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>ELOVL2<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>FADS1<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>FADS2<\/jats:italic>genes influence the fatty acid composition of the liver the most. Moreover, genes such as<jats:italic>DGAT1<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>ELOVL2<\/jats:italic>appear to be more sensitive to genetic background than to dietary manipulation, whereas genes encoding for desaturases, such as<jats:italic>FADS1<\/jats:italic>, appear to be modulated by dietary silage level.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results indicate that liver plays an important role in the biosynthesis of n-3 LC-PUFA. It is also suggested that dietary silage level influences the hepatic fatty acid metabolism in a breed-dependent manner, through changes in the expression of genes encoding for enzymes associated with the desaturation and elongation pathway. The importance of devising custom-made feeding strategies taking into account the genetic background is, therefore, stressed by the results from this experiment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-6148-10-65","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,12]],"date-time":"2014-03-12T14:02:22Z","timestamp":1394632942000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Is hepatic lipid metabolism of beef cattle influenced by breed and dietary silage level?"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Ana Sofia Henriques","family":"da Costa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rui Jos\u00e9 Branquinho","family":"Bessa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Virg\u00ednia Maria Rico","family":"Pires","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Eva Alves","family":"Rolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rui Manuel Amaro","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Carlos Mendes Godinho","family":"Andrade Fontes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Ant\u00f3nio Mestre","family":"Prates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"1105_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1079\/PNS19960010","volume":"55","author":"D Bauchart","year":"1996","unstructured":"Bauchart D, Gruffat D, Durand D: Lipid absorption and hepatic metabolism in ruminants. 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