{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T18:42:40Z","timestamp":1760121760580},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gut Pathog"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              <jats:italic>homB<\/jats:italic> encodes a <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic> outer membrane protein. This gene was previously associated with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and was shown to induce activation of interleukin-8 secretion <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>, as well as contributing to bacterial adherence. Its 90%-similar gene, <jats:italic>homA<\/jats:italic>, was previously correlated with gastritis. The present study aimed to evaluate the gastric disease association with <jats:italic>homB<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>homA<\/jats:italic>, as well as with the <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> virulence factors <jats:italic>cagA<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>babA<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>vacA<\/jats:italic>, in 415 <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> strains isolated from patients from East Asian and Western countries. The correlation among these genotypes was also evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Both <jats:italic>homB<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>homA<\/jats:italic> genes were heterogeneously distributed worldwide, with a marked difference between East Asian and Western strains. In Western strains (n = 234, 124 PUD and 110 non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD), <jats:italic>homB<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>cagA<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>vacA<\/jats:italic> s1 were all significantly associated with PUD (p = 0.025, p = 0.014, p = 0.039, respectively), and <jats:italic>homA<\/jats:italic> was closely correlated with NUD (p = 0.072). In East Asian strains (n = 138, 73 PUD and 65 NUD), <jats:italic>homB<\/jats:italic> was found more frequently than <jats:italic>homA<\/jats:italic>, and none of these genes was associated with the clinical outcome.<\/jats:p>\n            <jats:p>Overall, <jats:italic>homB<\/jats:italic> was associated with the presence of <jats:italic>cagA<\/jats:italic> (p = 0.043) and <jats:italic>vacA<\/jats:italic> s1 (p &lt; 0.001), whereas <jats:italic>homA<\/jats:italic> was found more frequently in <jats:italic>cagA<\/jats:italic>-negative (p = 0.062) and <jats:italic>vacA<\/jats:italic> s2 (p &lt; 0.001) strains.<\/jats:p>\n            <jats:p>Polymorphisms in <jats:italic>homB<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>homA<\/jats:italic> copy number were observed, with a clear geographical specificity, suggesting an involvement of these genes in host adaptation. A correlation between the <jats:italic>homB<\/jats:italic> two-copy genotype and PUD was also observed, emphasizing the role of <jats:italic>homB<\/jats:italic> in the virulence of the strain.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>The global results suggest that <jats:italic>homB<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>homA<\/jats:italic> contribute to the determination of clinical outcome.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/1757-4749-1-12","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,23]],"date-time":"2009-06-23T06:15:49Z","timestamp":1245737749000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Disease association with two Helicobacter pylori duplicate outer membrane protein genes, homB and homA"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Monica","family":"Oleastro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rita","family":"Cordeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yoshio","family":"Yamaoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Dulciene","family":"Queiroz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Francis","family":"M\u00e9graud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lurdes","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Armelle","family":"M\u00e9nard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"12_CR1","first-page":"65","volume-title":"JAMA, ed. 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