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Our aim was to assess C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration in septic critically ill cancer patients and to compare those with and without neutropenia.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>A secondary analysis of a matched case-control study conducted at an oncologic medical-surgical intensive care unit (ICU) was performed, segregating patients with severe sepsis\/septic shock. The impact of neutropenia on CRP concentrations at admission and during the first week of ICU stay was assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>A total of 154 critically ill septic cancer patients, 86 with neutropenia and 68 without, were included in the present study. At ICU admission, the CRP concentration of neutropenic patients was significantly higher than in non-neutropenic patients, 25.9 \u00b1 11.2 mg\/dL vs. 19.7 \u00b1 11.4 mg\/dL (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.009). Among neutropenic patients, CRP concentrations at ICU admission were not influenced by the severity of neutropenia (&lt; 100\/mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> vs. \u2265 100\/mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> neutrophils), 25.1 \u00b1 11.6 mg\/dL vs. 26.9 \u00b1 10.9 mg\/dL (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.527). Time dependent analysis of CRP from Day 1 to Day 7 of antibiotic therapy showed an almost parallel decrease in both groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.335), though CRP of neutropenic patients was, on average, always higher in comparison to that of non-neutropenic patients.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>In septic critically ill cancer patients CRP concentrations are more elevated in those with neutropenia. However, the CRP course seems to be independent from the presence or absence of neutropenia.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/cc10242","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,19]],"date-time":"2011-05-19T19:25:44Z","timestamp":1305833144000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["C-reactive protein in critically ill cancer patients with sepsis: influence of neutropenia"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Pedro","family":"P\u00f3voa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Vicente Ces","family":"Souza-Dantas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M\u00e1rcio","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jorge IF","family":"Salluh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"9532_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181c0349e","volume":"38","author":"M Soares","year":"2010","unstructured":"Soares M, Caruso P, Silva E, Teles JM, Lobo SM, Friedman G, Dal Pizzol F, Mello PV, Bozza FA, Silva UV, Torelly AP, Knibel MF, Rezende E, Netto JJ, Piras C, Castro A, Ferreira BS, Rea-Neto A, Olmedo PB, Salluh JI: Characteristics and outcomes of patients with cancer requiring admission to intensive care units: a prospective multicenter study.\n                           Crit Care Med 2010, 38: 9-15. 10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181c0349e","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"9532_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1086\/339215","volume":"34","author":"WT Hughes","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hughes WT, Armstrong D, Bodey GP, Bow EJ, Brown AE, Calandra T, Feld R, Pizzo PA, Rolston KV, Shenep JL, Young LS: 2002 guidelines for the use of antimicrobial agents in neutropenic patients with cancer.\n                           Clin Infect Dis 2002, 34: 730-751. 10.1086\/339215","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"9532_CR3","first-page":"S42","volume":"51","author":"A Sharma","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sharma A, Lokeshwar N: Febrile neutropenia in haematological malignancies.\n                           J Postgrad Med 2005, 51: S42-48.","journal-title":"J Postgrad Med"},{"key":"9532_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/161.3.381","volume":"161","author":"WT Hughes","year":"1990","unstructured":"Hughes WT, Armstrong D, Bodey GP, Feld R, Mandell GL, Meyers JD, Pizzo PA, Schimpff SC, Shenep JL, Wade JC, et al.: From the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 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