{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T19:23:59Z","timestamp":1773689039780,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,28]],"date-time":"2008-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1219881600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,28]],"date-time":"2008-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1219881600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Crit Care"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Whether discernible advantages in terms of sensitivity and specificity exist with Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) criteria versus Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss of Kidney Function, End-stage Kidney Disease (RIFLE) criteria is currently unknown. We evaluated the incidence of acute kidney injury and compared the ability of the maximum RIFLE and of the maximum AKIN within intensive care unit hospitalization in predicting inhospital mortality of critically ill patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients admitted to the Department of Intensive Medicine of our hospital between January 2003 and December 2006 were retrospectively evaluated. Chronic kidney disease patients undergoing dialysis or renal transplant patients were excluded from the analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In total, 662 patients (mean age, 58.6 \u00b1 19.2 years; 392 males) were evaluated. AKIN criteria allowed the identification of more patients as having acute kidney injury (50.4% versus 43.8%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.018) and classified more patients with Stage 1 (risk in RIFLE) (21.1% versus 14.7%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.003), but no differences were observed for Stage 2 (injury in RIFLE) (10.1% versus 11%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.655) and for Stage 3 (failure in RIFLE) (19.2% versus 18.1%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.672). Mortality was significantly higher for acute kidney injury defined by any of the RIFLE criteria (41.3% versus 11%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0001; odds ratio = 2.78, 95% confidence interval = 1.74 to 4.45,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0001) or of the AKIN criteria (39.8% versus 8.5%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0001; odds ratio = 3.59, 95% confidence interval = 2.14 to 6.01,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0001). The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve for inhospital mortality was 0.733 for RIFLE criteria (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0001) and was 0.750 for AKIN criteria (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.0001). There were no statistical differences in mortality by the acute kidney injury definition\/classification criteria (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.72).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although AKIN criteria could improve the sensitivity of the acute kidney injury diagnosis, it does not seem to improve on the ability of the RIFLE criteria in predicting inhospital mortality of critically ill patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/cc6997","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,28]],"date-time":"2008-08-28T14:13:39Z","timestamp":1219932819000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":203,"title":["Acute kidney injury in intensive care unit patients: a comparison between the RIFLE and the Acute Kidney Injury Network classifications"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Lopes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Paulo","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Jorge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Alvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Z\u00e9lia","family":"Costa e Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Fran\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mateus Martins","family":"Prata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"6430_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-003-2078-3","volume":"30","author":"R Bellomo","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bellomo R, Kellum JA, Ronco C: Defining acute renal failure: physiological principles.\n                           Intensive Care Med 2004, 30: 33-37. 10.1007\/s00134-003-2078-3","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"6430_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R204","DOI":"10.1186\/cc2872","volume":"8","author":"R Bellomo","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bellomo R, Ronco C, Kellum JA, Mehta RL, Palevsky P, Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative workgroup: Acute renal failure \u2013 definition, outcome measures, animal models, fluid therapy and information technology needs: the Second International Consensus Conference of the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI) Group.\n                           Crit Care 2004, 8: R204-R212. 10.1186\/cc2872","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"6430_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R73","DOI":"10.1186\/cc4915","volume":"10","author":"EA Hoste","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hoste EA, Clermont G, Kersten A, Venkataraman R, Angus DC, De Bacquer D, Kellum JA: RIFLE criteria for acute kidney injury are associated with hospital mortality in critically ill patients: a cohort analysis.\n                           Crit Care 2006, 10: R73-R82. 10.1186\/cc4915","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"6430_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000224227.70642.4F","volume":"34","author":"S Uchino","year":"2006","unstructured":"Uchino S, Bellomo R, Goldsmith D, Bates S, Ronco C: An assessment of the RIFLE criteria for acute renal failure in hospitalized patients.\n                           Crit Care Med 2006, 34: 1913-1917. 10.1097\/01.CCM.0000224227.70642.4F","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"6430_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2006.04.086","volume":"48","author":"A Ahlstrom","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ahlstrom A, Kuitunen A, Peltonen S, Hynninen M, Tallgren M, Aaltonen J, Pettil\u00e4 V: Comparison of 2 acute renal failure severity scores to general scoring systems in the critically ill.\n                           Am J Kidney Dis 2006, 48: 262-268. 10.1053\/j.ajkd.2006.04.086","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"6430_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bmt.1705461","volume":"38","author":"JA Lopes","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lopes JA, Jorge S, Silva S, de Almeida E, Abreu F, Martins C, do Carmo JA, Lacerda JF, Prata MM: An assessment of the RIFLE criteria for acute renal failure following myeloablative autologous and allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation.\n                           Bone Marrow Transplant 2006, 38: 395. 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