{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T02:12:51Z","timestamp":1772244771690,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,16]],"date-time":"2021-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615852800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,16]],"date-time":"2021-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615852800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Cardiovasc Disord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Nationwide hospital admissions data series have contributed to a reliable assessment of the changing epidemiology of infective endocarditis, even though conclusions are not uniform. We sought to use a recent populational series to describe the temporal trends on the incidence of infective endocarditis, its clinical characteristics and outcome results, in Portugal.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A nationwide retrospective temporal trend study on the incidence and clinical characterization of patients hospitalized with infective endocarditis, between 2010 and 2018.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>7574 patients were hospitalized with infective endocarditis from 2010 to 2018 in Portuguese public hospitals. The average length of hospitalization was 29.3\u2009\u00b1\u200928.7\u00a0days, predominantly men (56.9%), and 47.1% had between 60 and 79\u00a0years old. The most frequent infectious agents involved were <jats:italic>Staphylococcus<\/jats:italic> (16.4%) and <jats:italic>Streptococcus<\/jats:italic> (13.6%). During hospitalization, 12.4% of patients underwent heart valve surgery and 20% of the total cohort died. After a 1-year post-discharge follow-up, 13.2% of the total initial cohort had had heart valve surgery and 21.2% in total died. The annual incidence of infective endocarditis was 8.31 per 100,000 habitants, being higher in men (9.96 per 100,000 in males versus 6.82 in females, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and increased with age, peaking at patients 80\u00a0years old or older (40.62 per 100,000). In-hospital mortality rate significantly increased during the analyzed period, the strongest independent predictors being ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, sepsis,\u00a0and acute renal failure. Younger age and cardiac surgery had a protective effect towards a fatal outcome.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In Portugal, between 2010 and 2018, the incidence of infective endocarditis presented a general growth trend with a deceleration in the most recent years. Also, a significant rate of in-hospital complications, a mildly lower than expected stable surgical rate and a still high and growing mortality rate were noted.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-021-01937-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,16]],"date-time":"2021-03-16T12:11:47Z","timestamp":1615896707000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Insight into the epidemiology of infective endocarditis in Portugal: a contemporary nationwide study from 2010 to 2018"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Catarina","family":"Sousa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Paulo","family":"Nogueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Fausto J.","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"1937_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lpm.2019.04.009","volume":"48","author":"B Iung","year":"2019","unstructured":"Iung B. 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