{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,28]],"date-time":"2025-05-28T16:33:13Z","timestamp":1748449993439,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]],"date-time":"2023-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682467200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]],"date-time":"2023-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682467200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Pediatr"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Skeletal age (SA) is an estimate of biological maturity status that is commonly used in sport-related medical examinations. This study considered intra-observer reproducibility and inter-observer agreement of SA assessments among male tennis players.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>SA was assessed with the Fels method in 97 male tennis players with chronological ages (CA) spanning 8.7\u201316.8\u00a0years. Radiographs were evaluated by two independent trained observers. Based on the difference between SA and CA, players were classified as late, average or early maturing; if a player was skeletally mature, he was noted as such as an SA is not assigned.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The magnitude of intra-individual differences between repeated SA assessments were d\u2009=\u20090.008\u00a0year (observer A) and d\u2009=\u20090.001\u00a0year (observer B); the respective coefficients of variation were 1.11% and 1.75%. Inter-observer mean differences were negligible (t\u2009=\u20091.252, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.210) and the intra-class correlation coefficient was nearly perfect (ICC\u2009=\u20090.995). Concordance of classifications of players by maturity status between observers was 90%.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Fels SA assessments were highly reproducible and showed an acceptable level of inter-observer agreement between trained examiners. Classifications of players by skeletal maturity status based on assessments of the two observers were highly concordant, though not 100%. The results highlight the importance of experienced observers in skeletal maturity assessments.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-023-03965-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]],"date-time":"2023-04-26T10:02:26Z","timestamp":1682503346000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Intra-observer reproducibility and inter-observer agreement of Fels skeletal age assessments among male tennis players 8\u201316\u00a0years"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8642-5947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo","family":"Sousa-e-Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4512-7331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel J.","family":"Coelho-e-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2023-490X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge M.","family":"Celis-Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0926-6617","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela C.","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0825-4032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diogo V.","family":"Martinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6967-0534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds P.","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8081-464X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomas","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7672-680X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Gon\u00e7alves-Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1437-0307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oscar M.","family":"Tavares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3552-2912","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joaquim M.","family":"Castanheira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9119-7774","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Telmo","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2225-8569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Conde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4015-7363","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo R.","family":"Cayolla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5055-2696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Duarte-Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2762-7335","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gillian K.","family":"Myburgh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1705-9642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sean P.","family":"Cumming","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4049-2620","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert M.","family":"Malina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"3965_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e23591","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.23591","volume":"34","author":"DV Martinho","year":"2022","unstructured":"Martinho DV, Coelho-E-Silva MJ, Valente-Dos-Santos J, Minderico C, Oliveira TG, Rodrigues I, Conde J, Sherar LB, Malina RM. 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Sports Med. 2018;48(1):221\u201336.","journal-title":"Sports Med"}],"container-title":["BMC Pediatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12887-023-03965-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12887-023-03965-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12887-023-03965-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]],"date-time":"2023-04-26T22:02:07Z","timestamp":1682546527000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcpediatr.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12887-023-03965-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3965"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12887-023-03965-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2431"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1471-2431"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 September 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 March 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 April 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All methods were performed in accordance with the guidelines and regulations as recommended by <i>World Medical Association<\/i>. The research was approved by the <i>Ethics Committee<\/i> of the <i>University of Coimbra<\/i> [CE\/FCDEF-UC\/00122014]. A signed inter-institutional agreement with the <i>Portuguese Institute of Sports and Youth<\/i>. Participants voluntarily visited the <i>Center for Sports Medicine<\/i> as part of the required medical examination for registration in the <i>Portuguese Soccer Federation<\/i> (Law 204\/2006; act 11\/2012). Parents or legal guardians and the players provided written informed consent.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"196"}}