{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T06:59:01Z","timestamp":1765609141336,"version":"3.33.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,18]],"date-time":"2025-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737158400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,18]],"date-time":"2025-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIBD\/05105\/2020","UIBD\/05105\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIBD\/05105\/2020","UIBD\/05105\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Public Health"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-025-21302-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,18]],"date-time":"2025-01-18T06:18:21Z","timestamp":1737181101000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Beyond image: evaluating the perceived effectiveness of workplace mental health programs in the insurance sector"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Isabel","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Elizabeth Real","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"21302_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2017.03.017","volume":"101","author":"K Memish","year":"2017","unstructured":"Memish K, Martin A, Bartlett L, Dawkins S, Sanderson K. Workplace mental health: an international review of guidelines. Prev Med (Baltim). 2017;101:213\u201322.","journal-title":"Prev Med (Baltim)"},{"key":"21302_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kelloway EK, Penney SA, Dimoff JK. Leading the psychologically healthy workplace. In: Leading to occupational health and safety: how leadership behaviours impact organizational safety and wellbeing. Wiley; 2017:113\u201327. Available from: https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/9781394259250.ch6.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781394259250.ch6"},{"key":"21302_CR3","unstructured":"Business Group on Health. Large employers\u2019 health care strategy and plan design survey. 2020."},{"key":"21302_CR4","unstructured":"Deloitte. Mental Health and Employers: the case for investment - pandemic and beyond. 2022."},{"issue":"3","key":"21302_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1037\/ocp0000056","volume":"22","author":"AB Bakker","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bakker AB, Demerouti E. Job demands\u2013resources theory: taking stock and looking forward. J Occup Health Psychol. 2017;22(3):273\u201385.","journal-title":"J Occup Health Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"21302_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-orgpsych-032117-104640","volume":"5","author":"SE Hobfoll","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hobfoll SE, Halbesleben J, Neveu J-P, Westman M. Conservation of resources in the organizational context: the reality of resources and their consequences. Annu Rev Organ Psychol Organ Behav. 2018;5(1):103\u201328.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Organ Psychol Organ Behav"},{"issue":"4","key":"21302_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1108\/PR-08-2016-0213","volume":"47","author":"SL Grover","year":"2018","unstructured":"Grover SL, Teo STT, Pick D, Roche M, Newton CJ. Psychological capital as a personal resource in the JD-R model. Pers Rev. 2018;47(4):968\u201384. Available from: https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/PR-08-2016-0213\/full\/html.","journal-title":"Pers Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"21302_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orgdyn.2017.04.008","volume":"46","author":"WB Schaufeli","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schaufeli WB. Applying the Job demands-resources model. Organ Dyn. 2017;46(2):120\u201332. Available from: https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0090261617300876.","journal-title":"Organ Dyn"},{"key":"21302_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schaufeli WB, Taris TW. A critical review of the job demands-resources model: implications for improving work and health. In: Bridging occupational, organizational and public health. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2014:43\u201368. Available from: https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-94-007-5640-3_4.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-5640-3_4"},{"issue":"5","key":"21302_CR10","first-page":"1334","volume":"40","author":"JRB Halbesleben","year":"2014","unstructured":"Halbesleben JRB, Neveu J-P, Paustian-Underdahl SC, Westman M. Getting to the COR: understanding the role of resources in conservation of resources theory. J Manage. 2014;40(5):1334\u201364. Available from: https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0149206314527130.","journal-title":"J Manage"},{"issue":"4","key":"21302_CR11","first-page":"657","volume":"46","author":"EA Bardoel","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bardoel EA, Drago R. Acceptance and strategic resilience: an application of conservation of resources theory. Gr Organ Manag. 2021;46(4):657\u201391. Available from: https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/10596011211022488.","journal-title":"Gr Organ Manag."},{"issue":"1","key":"21302_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.5465\/annals.2018.0034","volume":"14","author":"JH Lim","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lim JH, Tai K, Bamberger PA, Morrison EW. Soliciting resources from others: an integrative review. Acad Manag Ann. 2020;14(1):122\u201359. Available from: http:\/\/journals.aom.org\/doi\/10.5465\/annals.2018.0034.","journal-title":"Acad Manag Ann"},{"issue":"1","key":"21302_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-14-131","volume":"14","author":"AD LaMontagne","year":"2014","unstructured":"LaMontagne AD, Martin A, Page KM, Reavley NJ, Noblet AJ, Milner AJ, et al. Workplace mental health: developing an integrated intervention approach. BMC Psychiatry. 2014;14(1): 131.","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"21302_CR14","unstructured":"Mckinsey & Company. Rebuilding clinician mental health and well-being after COVID-19. 2020."},{"issue":"1","key":"21302_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-015-0706-4","volume":"16","author":"SE Hanisch","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hanisch SE, Twomey CD, Szeto ACH, Birner UW, Nowak D, Sabariego C. The effectiveness of interventions targeting the stigma of mental illness at the workplace: a systematic review. BMC Psychiatry. 2016;16(1):1.","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"21302_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1037\/ocp0000126","volume":"24","author":"JK Dimoff","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dimoff JK, Kelloway EK. With a little help from my boss: the impact of workplace mental health training on leader behaviors and employee resource utilization. J Occup Health Psychol. 2019;24(1):4\u201319.","journal-title":"J Occup Health Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"21302_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1080\/15427609.2016.1141280","volume":"13","author":"AC Edmondson","year":"2016","unstructured":"Edmondson AC, Higgins M, Singer S, Weiner J. Understanding psychological safety in health care and education organizations: a comparative perspective. Res Hum Dev. 2016;13(1):65\u201383. Available from: http:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/15427609.2016.1141280.","journal-title":"Res Hum Dev"},{"issue":"4","key":"21302_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1177\/0890117119838101c","volume":"33","author":"M Attridge","year":"2019","unstructured":"Attridge M. A global perspective on promoting workplace mental health and the role of employee assistance programs. Am J Heal Promot. 2019;33(4):622\u20139.","journal-title":"Am J Heal Promot"},{"issue":"4","key":"21302_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1002\/smi.2619","volume":"31","author":"MJ Grawitch","year":"2015","unstructured":"Grawitch MJ, Ballard DW, Erb KR. To be or not to be (stressed): the critical role of a psychologically healthy workplace in effective stress management. Stress Heal. 2015;31(4):264\u201373.","journal-title":"Stress Heal"},{"issue":"4","key":"21302_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1080\/15555240.2011.618438","volume":"26","author":"R Csiernik","year":"2011","unstructured":"Csiernik R. The glass is filling: an examination of employee assistance program evaluations in the first decade of the new millennium. J Workplace Behav Health. 2011;26(4):334\u201355.","journal-title":"J Workplace Behav Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"21302_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0000000000001271","volume":"60","author":"RZ Goetzel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Goetzel RZ, Roemer EC, Holingue C, Fallin MD, McCleary K, Eaton W, et al. Mental health in the workplace. J Occup Environ Med. 2018;60(4):322\u201330.","journal-title":"J Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"21302_CR22","unstructured":"Unilever. The business case for mental health: a report on the impact of mental health initiatives in the workplace. 2020."},{"issue":"4","key":"21302_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291715002408","volume":"46","author":"S Joyce","year":"2016","unstructured":"Joyce S, Modini M, Christensen H, Mykletun A, Bryant R, Mitchell PB, et al. Workplace interventions for common mental disorders: a systematic meta-review. Psychol Med. 2016;46(4):683\u201397.","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"21302_CR24","unstructured":"Qualtrics. The impact of COVID-19 on Employee Mental Health. 2021."},{"issue":"12","key":"21302_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0189904","volume":"12","author":"E Stratton","year":"2017","unstructured":"Stratton E, Lampit A, Choi I, Calvo RA, Harvey SB, Glozier N. Effectiveness of eHealth interventions for reducing mental health conditions in employees: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. 2017;12(12): e0189904.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"6","key":"21302_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2017-104789","volume":"75","author":"A Gayed","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gayed A, Milligan-Saville JS, Nicholas J, Bryan BT, LaMontagne AD, Milner A, et al. Effectiveness of training workplace managers to understand and support the mental health needs of employees: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Occup Environ Med. 2018;75(6):462\u201370.","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"issue":"21","key":"21302_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17217857","volume":"17","author":"G Giorgi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Giorgi G, Lecca LI, Alessio F, Finstad GL, Bondanini G, Lulli LG, et al. COVID-19-related mental health effects in the workplace: a narrative review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(21): 7857.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"21302_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1037\/ocp0000067","volume":"22","author":"AA Grandey","year":"2017","unstructured":"Grandey AA, Melloy RC. The state of the heart: emotional labor as emotion regulation reviewed and revised. J Occup Health Psychol. 2017;22(3):407\u201322.","journal-title":"J Occup Health Psychol"},{"key":"21302_CR29","first-page":"CD002892","volume":"4","author":"SI Giga","year":"2018","unstructured":"Giga SI, Fletcher IJ, Sgourakis G, Mulvaney CA, Vrkljan BH. Organisational level interventions for reducing occupational stress in healthcare workers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018;4:CD002892.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"21302_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1037\/a0038900","volume":"22","author":"G Giorgi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Giorgi G, Shoss MK, Leon-Perez JM. Going beyond workplace stressors: economic crisis and perceived employability in relation to psychological distress and job dissatisfaction. Int J Stress Manag. 2015;22(2):137\u201358.","journal-title":"Int J Stress Manag"},{"issue":"14","key":"21302_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2536","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16142536","volume":"16","author":"M Sverke","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sverke M, L\u00e5stad L, Hellgren J, Richter A, N\u00e4swall K. A meta-analysis of job insecurity and employee performance: testing temporal aspects, rating source, welfare regime, and union density as moderators. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(14):2536.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"21302_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e734","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0000000000002969","volume":"65","author":"P Young","year":"2023","unstructured":"Young P, Chow V, Haslam C, Barker J. A qualitative study exploring white-collar employee\/manager experiences of mental health and well-being initiatives in corporate environments. J Occup Environ Med. 2023;65(12):e734\u201343. Available from: https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1097\/JOM.0000000000002969.","journal-title":"J Occup Environ Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"21302_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e10517","DOI":"10.2196\/10517","volume":"5","author":"A Gayed","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gayed A, LaMontagne AD, Milner A, Deady M, Calvo RA, Christensen H, et al. A new online mental health training program for workplace managers: pre-post pilot study assessing feasibility, usability, and possible effectiveness. JMIR Ment Heal. 2018;5(3):e10517.","journal-title":"JMIR Ment Heal"},{"key":"21302_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-69746-3_2","volume-title":"Action Control","author":"I Ajzen","year":"1985","unstructured":"Ajzen I. From intentions to actions: a theory of planned behavior. In: Action Control. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg; 1985. p. 11\u201339."},{"issue":"1","key":"21302_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.2307\/257990","volume":"12","author":"J Greenberg","year":"1987","unstructured":"Greenberg J. A taxonomy of organizational justice theories. Acad Manag Rev. 1987;12(1):9\u201322.","journal-title":"Acad Manag Rev"},{"key":"21302_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deady M, Sanatkar S, Tan L, Glozier N, Gayed A, Petrie K, et al. A mentally healthy framework to guide employers and policy makers. Front Public Heal. 2024;12. Available from: https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1430540\/full.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1430540"},{"issue":"5","key":"21302_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1080\/1359432X.2012.690556","volume":"22","author":"K Nielsen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nielsen K, Randall R. Opening the black box: presenting a model for evaluating organizational-level interventions. Eur J Work Organ Psychol. 2013;22(5):601\u201317.","journal-title":"Eur J Work Organ Psychol"},{"key":"21302_CR38","unstructured":"Creswell JW, Poth CN. Qualitative inquiry and research design: choosing among five approaches. 4th Editio. California: SAGE; 2018."},{"key":"21302_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Burns M, Bally J, Burles M, Holtslander L, Peacock S. Constructivist Grounded Theory or Interpretive Phenomenology? Methodological Choices Within Specific Study Contexts. Int J Qual Methods. 2022;21. Available from: https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/16094069221077758.","DOI":"10.1177\/16094069221077758"},{"key":"21302_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pilarska J. 6 The constructivist paradigm and phenomenological qualitative research design. In: Research paradigm considerations for emerging scholars. Multilingual Matters; 2021:64\u201383. Available from: https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.21832\/9781845418281-008\/html.","DOI":"10.21832\/9781845418281-008"},{"key":"21302_CR41","unstructured":"Patton MQ. Qualitative research & evaluation methods: integrating theory and practice. 4 th Editi. California: SAGE; 2015."},{"issue":"6","key":"21302_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1764","DOI":"10.1108\/MEDAR-03-2021-1252","volume":"30","author":"C de Villiers","year":"2022","unstructured":"de Villiers C, Farooq MB, Molinari M. Qualitative research interviews using online video technology \u2013 challenges and opportunities. Meditari Account Res. 2022;30(6):1764\u201382. Available from: https:\/\/www.emerald.com\/insight\/content\/doi\/10.1108\/MEDAR-03-2021-1252\/full\/html.","journal-title":"Meditari Account Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"21302_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1080\/14737167.2020.1734453","volume":"20","author":"U Ozolins","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ozolins U, Hale S, Cheng X, Hyatt A, Schofield P. Translation and back-translation methodology in health research \u2013 a critique. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res. 2020;20(1):69\u201377. Available from: https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/14737167.2020.1734453.","journal-title":"Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"21302_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa","volume":"3","author":"V Braun","year":"2006","unstructured":"Braun V, Clarke V. Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qual Res Psychol. 2006;3(2):77\u2013101.","journal-title":"Qual Res Psychol"},{"key":"21302_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lincoln YS, Guba EG. Naturalistic inquiry. California: SAGE Publications; 1985.","DOI":"10.1016\/0147-1767(85)90062-8"},{"issue":"3","key":"21302_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1108\/02683940710733115","volume":"22","author":"AB Bakker","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bakker AB, Demerouti E. The job demands-resources model: state of the art. J Manag Psychol. 2007;22(3):309\u201328.","journal-title":"J Manag Psychol"},{"key":"21302_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jefferson DP, Andiola LM, Hurley PJ. Surviving busy season: using the job demands-resources model to investigate coping mechanisms. Contemp Account Res. 2024; Available from: https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1911-3846.12999.","DOI":"10.1111\/1911-3846.12999"},{"issue":"3","key":"21302_CR48","first-page":"566","volume":"10","author":"Y Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu Y, Fuller B, Hester K, Chen H. Authentic leadership and employees\u2019 job performance: mediation effect of positive employee health. J Manag Anal. 2023;10(3):566\u201382. Available from: https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/23270012.2023.2219993.","journal-title":"J Manag Anal"},{"key":"21302_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S\u00f8vold LE, Naslund JA, Kousoulis AA, Saxena S, Qoronfleh MW, Grobler C, et al. Prioritizing the Mental Health and Well-Being of Healthcare Workers: An Urgent Global Public Health Priority. Front Public Heal. 2021;9. Available from: https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2021.679397\/full.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.679397"},{"issue":"4","key":"21302_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1037\/apl0000924","volume":"107","author":"TA Smith","year":"2022","unstructured":"Smith TA, Butts MM, Courtright SH, Duerden MD, Widmer MA. Work\u2013leisure blending: an integrative conceptual review and framework to guide future research. J Appl Psychol. 2022;107(4):560\u201380. https:\/\/doi.apa.org\/doi\/10.1037\/apl0000924. Available from:","journal-title":"J Appl Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"21302_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-023-16092-x","volume":"23","author":"F Tsantila","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tsantila F, Coppens E, De Witte H, Abdulla K, Amann BL, Arensman E, et al. Developing a framework for evaluation: a theory of change for complex workplace mental health interventions. BMC Public Health. 2023;23(1):1171. Available from: https:\/\/bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12889-023-16092-x.","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"19","key":"21302_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12610","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191912610","volume":"19","author":"M Genrich","year":"2022","unstructured":"Genrich M, Angerer P, Worringer B, G\u00fcndel H, Kr\u00f6ner F, M\u00fcller A. Managers\u2019 action-guiding mental models towards mental health-related organizational interventions\u2014a systematic review of qualitative studies. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(19):12610. Available from: https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/19\/19\/12610.","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"}],"container-title":["BMC Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12889-025-21302-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12889-025-21302-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12889-025-21302-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,18]],"date-time":"2025-01-18T18:13:07Z","timestamp":1737223987000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12889-025-21302-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,18]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["21302"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-025-21302-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-2458"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-2458","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 September 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 January 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 January 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The Internal Review Board of Portucalense University reviewed and approved the study protocol. The board determined the study\u2019s compliance with ethical standards, given the non-sensitive nature of the information collected and the carefully constructed interview guide. All participants provided informed written consent prior to their involvement in the study. The research was conducted in full accordance with the ethical research practices of REMIT and adhered to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, ensuring the protection of participants\u2019 rights and well-being throughout the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not Applicable \u2013 This manuscript contains no person\u2019s data.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"218"}}