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The island gecko\n                      <jats:italic>Tarentola boettgeri<\/jats:italic>\n                      is potentially threatened by the introduced California kingsnake (\n                      <jats:italic>Lampropeltis californiae<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) within the relatively small oceanic island (1532 km\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) of Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A 1.9-Gb\n                      <jats:italic>T. boettgeri<\/jats:italic>\n                      genome was assembled de novo from PacBio HiFi reads. Sequences obtained by genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) were aligned to this reference and provided over 440,000 SNPs from 134 geckos obtained from 40 sample sites (Fig.\u00a01). Analyses of ancestry coefficients supported five genomic groups within Gran Canaria plus two additional groups from the other parts of its range, namely the Canary Island of El Hierro and the Selvagens archipelago. Phylogenomic and divergence time analyses of both GBS sequences and SNPs revealed lineage divergence within Gran Canaria, starting 1.5\u20132.9 Ma, and also between-island divergence due to subsequent colonization of both the Selvagens and El Hierro around 1 Ma. The latter two colonization events occurred from distinct lineages that had originated in the NW and the W of Gran Canaria, respectively. Lineage divergence within Gran Canaria appears to have been followed by secondary contact and admixture, likely starting in the Late Pleistocene around 20\u2013110 Ka ago. Individuals with significant mixed ancestry appear to be limited to as little as 5 km either side of contact zones. This facilitates identification of sites containing individuals with negligible mixed ancestry for each of the five ancient lineages.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The ability to genomically identify five ancient Gran Canarian lineages and geographical areas with ostensibly low mixed ancestry provides a foundation for practical conservation actions\u2014such as selecting sites for creation of snake exclusion areas and\/or the acquisition of individuals for ex situ captive breeding. These actions will help conserve the extensive within-island diversity in this species.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12915-025-02394-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T07:28:45Z","timestamp":1761118125000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Genomic identification of conservation areas amid lineage divergence and admixture in a threatened island gecko"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Richard P.","family":"Brown","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Bianco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Fontana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Shum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Raquel","family":"Vasconcelos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yuanting","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2394_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-020-06783-9","volume":"21","author":"SJ Zimmerman","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zimmerman SJ, Aldridge CL, Oyler-McCance SJ. 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