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Based on previous studies, it was hypothesised that pre-exercise baseline SC and IRT<jats:sup>ET<\/jats:sup> would be higher in younger or less experienced horses, and that post-exercise variation from baseline would be higher in the top finishers.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Salivary cortisol measured in 61 competing at qualifier 40\u2009km and 80\u2009km rides showed an abrupt variation (93\u2013256% rise) of the baseline SC levels [median\u2009\u00b1\u2009interquartile range (IQR)\u2009=\u20090.27\u2009ng\/dl\u2009\u00b1\u20090.36] obtained at the Pre-Inspection (PI) into Vet Gate (VG)1 independently of the covered distance, but modest or even lower in the subsequent Vet Gates, e.g. VG2 or VG3. The IRT<jats:sup>ET<\/jats:sup> measured concomitantly in 16 horses showed significant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) higher levels at the PI in less experienced horses participating in the 40\u2009km ride (median\u2009\u00b1\u2009IQR\u2009=\u200935.7\u2009\u00b0C\u2009\u00b1\u20091.4) than their counterparts in the 80\u2009km ride (median\u2009\u00b1\u2009IQR\u2009=\u200935.0\u2009\u00b0C\u2009\u00b1\u20091.5), but not SC. Baseline SC levels at the PI of horses classifying in the Top5 in the 40\u2009km ride category were significantly (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) higher median\u2009\u00b1\u2009IQR\u2009=\u20090.90\u2009ng\/ml \u00b10.61) when compared to horses positioned from 10th position on (median\u2009\u00b1\u2009IQR\u2009=\u20090.16\u2009ng\/ml \u00b10.40). A lower IRT<jats:sup>ET<\/jats:sup> in the PI was correlated with better placement (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) and those in the Top5 (median\u2009\u00b1\u2009IQR\u2009=\u200933.9\u2009\u00b0C\u2009\u00b1\u20090.0) had a significantly (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.5) higher variation (+\u200910.65%) into the last VG.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Pre-exercise baseline IRT<jats:sup>ET<\/jats:sup> levels, but not SC, were higher in less experienced horses in the 40 compared to their counterparts in the 80\u2009km ride competitions. SC and IRT<jats:sup>ET<\/jats:sup> showed different indications according to the competition. In the40\u2009km ride competition, higher baseline pre-exercise SC levels seemed to be linked to a better classification outcome. In contrast, in the 80\u2009km ride horses, the higher IRT<jats:sup>ET<\/jats:sup> variation from pre-exercise into final Vet Gate was the parameter associated with a better performance. A more controlled environment and a larger sample are needed to confirm these results and monitor horse welfare in competitions.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-021-02985-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,14]],"date-time":"2021-10-14T08:02:56Z","timestamp":1634198576000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Salivary cortisol and eye temperature changes during endurance competitions"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4398-6503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monica C.","family":"de Mira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Elsa","family":"Lamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rute","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jane","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mafalda Vaz","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pedro S.","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Patr\u00edcia","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"David","family":"Marlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2985_CR1","unstructured":"Endurance Rules [https:\/\/inside.fei.org\/sites\/default\/files\/FEI%20Endurance%20Rules%20-%201%20July%202020%20-%2016.12.2019%20-%20Clean.pdf].\u00a0Accessed 15 Nov 2020."},{"key":"2985_CR2","unstructured":"Veterinary Regulations [https:\/\/inside.fei.org\/fei\/regulations\/veterinary]."},{"issue":"1","key":"2985_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1111\/evj.12069","volume":"46","author":"A Nagy","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nagy A, Murray JK, Dyson SJ. 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