{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T18:12:02Z","timestamp":1762884722994,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]],"date-time":"2025-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762732800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]],"date-time":"2025-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762732800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities of the Spanish Government","award":["PRE2018-087157","AGL2017-83395-R","MCI-21-PID2020-120349RB-100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PRE2018-087157","AGL2017-83395-R","MCI-21-PID2020-120349RB-100"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities of the Spanish Government.","award":["MCI-21-PID2020-120349RB-100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MCI-21-PID2020-120349RB-100"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Vet Res"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-025-05107-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]],"date-time":"2025-11-10T13:08:44Z","timestamp":1762780124000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development of two indirect ELISAs using purified recombinant viral proteins to detect myxoma virus-antigen specific antibodies in rabbit sera"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"I.","family":"Calonge-Sanz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"R.","family":"Casais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"I.","family":"Nicieza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"S. Arenas","family":"Vicente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"F. A. Abade","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.M.","family":"Mart\u00edn-Alonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"P.","family":"Dom\u00ednguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A. L.","family":"\u00c1lvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M. D.","family":"Duarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"F.","family":"Parra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Kevin P.","family":"Dalton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"5107_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1999.0001","volume":"318","author":"C Cameron","year":"1999","unstructured":"Cameron C, Hota-mitchell S, Chen L, Barrett JW, Cao JX, Macaulay C, et al. The complete DNA sequence of Myxoma virus. Virology. 1999;318(2):298\u2013318.","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"11","key":"5107_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2161","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-006-0791-2","volume":"151","author":"JL Duteyrat","year":"2006","unstructured":"Duteyrat JL, Gelfi J, Bertagnoli S. Ultrastructural study of Myxoma virus morphogenesis. Arch Virol. 2006;151(11):2161\u201380.","journal-title":"Arch Virol"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"5107_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2005.08.015","volume":"132","author":"A Zachertowska","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zachertowska A, Brewer D, Evans DH. Characterization of the major capsid proteins of Myxoma virus particles using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. J Virol Methods. 2006;132(1\u20132):1\u201312.","journal-title":"J Virol Methods"},{"key":"5107_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvex.2013.02.002","author":"PJ Kerr","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kerr PJ, Donnelly TM. Viral infections of rabbits. Veterinary Clinics of North America - Exotic Animal Practice. 2013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cvex.2013.02.002.","journal-title":"Veterinary Clinics of North America - Exotic Animal Practice"},{"key":"5107_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2007.11.039","volume":"129","author":"E Jeklova","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jeklova E, Leva L, Matiasovic J, Kovarcik K, Kudlackova H, Nevorankova Z, et al. Characterisation of immunosuppression in rabbits afterinfection with Myxoma virus. Vet Microbiol. 2008;129:117\u201330.","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"5107_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/ani9100780","volume":"9","author":"JM Rosell","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rosell JM, de la Fuente L, Parra F, Dalton K, S\u00e1iz Badiola J, de P\u00e9rez A, et al. Myxomatosis and rabbit haemorrhagic disease: A 30-year study of the occurrence on commercial farms in Spain. Animals. 2019;9(10):1\u201316.","journal-title":"Animals"},{"issue":"3","key":"5107_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006252","volume":"13","author":"PJ Kerr","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kerr PJ, Cattadori IM, Rogers MB, Fitch A, Geber A, Liu J, et al. Genomic and phenotypic characterization of Myxoma virus from great Britain reveals multiple evolutionary pathways distinct from those in Australia. PLoS Pathog. 2017;13(3):1\u201323.","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"3","key":"5107_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.3390\/v7031020","volume":"7","author":"PJ Kerr","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kerr PJ, Liu J, Cattadori I, Ghedin E, Read AF, Holmes EC. Myxoma virus and the leporipoxviruses: an evolutionary paradigm. Viruses. 2015;7(3):1020\u201361.","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"issue":"1","key":"5107_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1999.0104","volume":"267","author":"SM Best","year":"2000","unstructured":"Best SM, Kerr PJ. Coevolution of host and virus: the pathogenesis of virulent and attenuated strains of Myxoma virus in resistant and susceptible European rabbits. Virology. 2000;267(1):36\u201348.","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"4","key":"5107_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1007\/s007050050669","volume":"145","author":"J B\u00e1rcena","year":"2000","unstructured":"B\u00e1rcena J, Pag\u00e8s-Mant\u00e9 A, March R, Morales M, Ram\u00edrez MA, S\u00e1nchez-Vizca\u00edno JM, et al. Isolation of an attenuated Myxoma virus field strain that can confer protection against Myxomatosis on contacts of vaccinates. Arch Virol. 2000;145(4):759\u201371.","journal-title":"Arch Virol"},{"issue":"3","key":"5107_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1177\/104063879901100306","volume":"11","author":"J Gelfi","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gelfi J, Chantal J, Phong TT, Py R, Boucraut-Baralon C. Development of an ELISA for detection of myxoma virus-specific rabbit antibodies: test evaluation for diagnostic applications on vaccinated and wild rabbit sera. J Vet Diagnostic Investig [Internet]. 1999;11(3):240\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/104063879901100306.","journal-title":"J Vet Diagnostic Investig [Internet]"},{"key":"5107_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1071\/WR96058","volume":"24","author":"PJ Kerr","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kerr PJ. An ELISA for epidemiological studies of Myxomatosis: persistence of antibodies to Myxoma virus in European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Wildl Res. 1997;24:53\u201365.","journal-title":"Wildl Res"},{"key":"5107_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Calvete C, Estrada R, Villafuerte R, Os\u00e1car JJ, Lucientes J. Epidemiology of viral haemorrhagic disease and myxomatosis in a free-living population of wild rabbits. Vet Rec. 2002;150(25):776-82. Available from:\u00a0http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/12135072.","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.150.25.776"},{"issue":"1","key":"5107_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2009.09.013","volume":"93","author":"I Garcia-Bocanegra","year":"2010","unstructured":"Garcia-Bocanegra I, Astorga R, Napp S, Casal J, Huerta B, Borge C, et al. Myxomatosis in wild rabbit: design of control programs in mediterranean ecosystems. Prev Vet Med. 2010;93(1):42\u201350.","journal-title":"Prev Vet Med"},{"key":"5107_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Villafuerte R, Castro F, Ram\u00edrez E, Cotilla I, Parra F, Delibes-Mateos M et al. Large-scale assessment of myxomatosis prevalence in European wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) 60 years after first outbreak in Spain. Res Vet Sci. 2017;114(May):281\u20136. Available from: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rvsc.2017.05.014.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2017.05.014"},{"key":"5107_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Santoro S, Pacios I, Moreno S, Bert\u00f3-Moran A, Rouco C. Multi-event capture-recapture modeling of host-pathogen dynamics among European rabbit populations exposed to Myxoma and rabbit hemorrhagic disease viruses: common and heterogeneous patterns. Vet Res. 2014;45(1):39.","DOI":"10.1186\/1297-9716-45-39"},{"issue":"1","key":"5107_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5877(00)00177-X","volume":"48","author":"D Marlier","year":"2001","unstructured":"Marlier D, Herbots J, Detilleux J, Lemaire M, Thiry E, Vindevogel H. Cross-sectional study of the association between pathological conditions and myxoma-virus seroprevalence in intensive rabbit farms in Europe. Prev Vet Med. 2001;48(1):55\u201364.","journal-title":"Prev Vet Med"},{"key":"5107_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dalton K, Nicieza I, de Llano D, Gull\u00f3n J, Inza M, Petralanda M et al. Vaccine breaks: Outbreaks of myxomatosis on Spanish commercial rabbit farms. Vet Microbiol. 2015;178(3\u20134):208\u201316. Available from: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vetmic.2015.05.008.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2015.05.008"},{"issue":"2","key":"5107_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.4995\/wrs.2018.7021","volume":"26","author":"I Manev","year":"2018","unstructured":"Manev I, Genova K, Lavazza A, Capucci L. Humoral immune response to different routes of myxomatosis vaccine application. World Rabbit Sci. 2018;26(2):149\u201354.","journal-title":"World Rabbit Sci"},{"key":"5107_CR20","unstructured":"WOAH. Section\u00a03.7. LAGOMORPHA CHAPTER 3.7.1. MYXOMATOSIS. WOAH. 2021;1\u201321."},{"issue":"1","key":"5107_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2009.04.031","volume":"161","author":"TR Bowden","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bowden TR, Coupar BE, Babiuk SL, White JR, Boyd V, Duch CJ, et al. Detection of antibodies specific for sheeppox and goatpox viruses using recombinant capripoxvirus antigens in an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. J Virol Methods. 2009;161(1):19\u201329.","journal-title":"J Virol Methods"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"5107_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2009.08.020","volume":"162","author":"V Bhanot","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bhanot V, Balamurugan V, Bhanuprakash V, Venkatesan G, Sen A, Yadav V, et al. Expression of P32 protein of goatpox virus in Pichia pastoris and its potential use as a diagnostic antigen in ELISA. J Virol Methods. 2009;162(1\u20132):251\u20137.","journal-title":"J Virol Methods"},{"issue":"4","key":"5107_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-019-04170-8","volume":"164","author":"M Dashprakash","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dashprakash M, Venkatesan G, Kumar A, Sankar M, Arya S, Ramakrishnan MA, et al. Prokaryotic expression, purification and evaluation of goatpox virus ORF117 protein as a diagnostic antigen in indirect ELISA to detect goatpox. Arch Virol. 2019;164(4):1049\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00705-019-04170-8.","journal-title":"Arch Virol"},{"key":"5107_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zheng W, Zhang Y, Gu Q, Liang Q, Long Y, Wu Q et al. Development of an indirect ELISA against Orf virus using two recombinant antigens, partial B2L and F1L. J Virol Methods. 2024;326(August 2023):114891. Available from: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jviromet.2024.114891.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2024.114891"},{"key":"5107_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2018.08.015","volume":"261","author":"R Yogisharadhya","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yogisharadhya R, Kumar A, Bhanuprakash V, Shivachandra SB. Evaluation of a recombinant major envelope protein (F1L) based indirect- ELISA for sero-diagnosis of orf in sheep and goats. J Virol Methods. 2018;261:112\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jviromet.2018.08.015.","journal-title":"J Virol Methods"},{"key":"5107_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-7-245","volume":"7","author":"H Tian","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tian H, Chen Y, Wu J, Shang Y, Liu X. Serodiagnosis of sheeppox and goatpox using an indirect ELISA based on synthetic peptide targeting for the major antigen P32. Virol J. 2010;7:2\u20135.","journal-title":"Virol J"},{"key":"5107_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao Y, Chapman Da, Jones G. IM. Improving baculovirus recombination. Nucleic Acids Res. 2003;31(2):e6\u2013e6. Available from: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/12527795. Cited 23 Mar 2017.","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gng006"},{"key":"5107_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hornbeck P, Winston SE, Fuller SA. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays(ELISA). In:Ausubel FM, Brent R, Kingston RE, editors. Curr Protoc Mol Biol. 2001 May;Chapter 11:Unit11.2.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/0471142727.mb1102s15.","DOI":"10.1002\/0471142727.mb1102s15"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"5107_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(02)00194-2","volume":"109","author":"J Sanchez","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sanchez J, Dohoo IR, Markham F, Leslie K, Conboy G. Evaluation of the repeatability of a crude adult indirect ostertagia ostertagi ELISA and methods of expressing test results. Vet Parasitol. 2002;109(1\u20132):75\u201390.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"issue":"5","key":"5107_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0178336","volume":"12","author":"HE Park","year":"2017","unstructured":"Park HE, Park HT, Jung YH, Yoo HS. Establishment a real-time reverse transcription PCR based on host biomarkers for the detection of the subclinical cases of Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis. PLoS ONE. 2017;12(5):1\u201314.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"8","key":"5107_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1086\/428577","volume":"40","author":"MP Muller","year":"2005","unstructured":"Muller MP, Tomlinson G, Marrie TJ, Tang P, McGeer A, Low DE, et al. Can routine laboratory tests discriminate between severe acute respiratory syndrome and other causes of community-acquired pneumonia? Clin Infect Dis. 2005;40(8):1079\u201386.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"5107_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310","volume":"33","author":"JR Landis","year":"1977","unstructured":"Landis JR, Koch GG. The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics. 1977;33(1):159\u201374.","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"issue":"8","key":"5107_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2008.12.035","volume":"27","author":"JS Duke-Cohan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Duke-Cohan JS, Wollenick K, Witten EA, Seaman MS, Baden LR, Dolin R, et al. The heterogeneity of human antibody responses to vaccinia virus revealed through use of focused protein arrays. Vaccine. 2009;27(8):1154\u201365.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"1","key":"5107_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1002\/jwmg.207","volume":"76","author":"AJ Arenas","year":"2012","unstructured":"Arenas AJ, Napp S, Arenas-Montes A, Borge C, Carbonero A, Perea A, et al. Serological response against Myxoma virus and rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus in European wild rabbits using commercial vaccines. J Wildl Manage. 2012;76(1):102\u20137.","journal-title":"J Wildl Manage"},{"issue":"3","key":"5107_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.11.021","volume":"30","author":"G Hermanson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hermanson G, Chun S, Felgner J, Tan X, Pablo J, Nakajima-Sasaki R, et al. Measurement of antibody responses to Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) and Dryvax \u00ae using proteome microarrays and development of recombinant protein ELISAs. Vaccine. 2012;30(3):614\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.11.021.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"5107_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-1759(99)00072-1","volume":"227","author":"HG Heine","year":"1999","unstructured":"Heine HG, Stevens MP, Foord AJ, Boyle DB. A capripoxvirus detection PCR and antibody ELISA based on the major antigen P32, the homolog of the vaccinia virus H3L gene. J Immunol Methods. 1999;227(1\u20132):187\u201396.","journal-title":"J Immunol Methods"},{"key":"5107_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Venkatesan G, Kumar Teli M, Sankar M, Kumar A, Dashprakash M, Arya S et al. Expression and evaluation of recombinant P32 protein based ELISA for sero-diagnostic potential of capripox in sheep and goats. Mol Cell Probes. 2018;37(September 2017):48\u201354. Available from: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mcp.2017.11.005.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcp.2017.11.005"},{"issue":"41","key":"5107_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2015.08.058","volume":"33","author":"A Kumar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kumar A, Yogisharadhya R, Bhanuprakash V, Venkatesan G, Shivachandra SB. Structural analysis and immunogenicity of recombinant major envelope protein (rA27L) of buffalopox virus, a zoonotic Indian vaccinia-like virus. Vaccine. 2015;33(41):5396\u2013405. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vaccine.2015.08.058.","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"11","key":"5107_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1310","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1457","volume":"12","author":"MM P\u00fctz","year":"2006","unstructured":"P\u00fctz MM, Midgley CM, Law M, Smith GL. Quantification of antibody responses against multiple antigens of the two infectious forms of vaccinia virus provides a benchmark for smallpox vaccination. Nat Med. 2006;12(11):1310\u20135.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"5107_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1007\/s11262-015-1172-2","volume":"50","author":"M Dashprakash","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dashprakash M, Venkatesan G, Ramakrishnan MA, Muthuchelvan D, Sankar M, Pandey AB, et al. Genetic diversity of fusion gene (ORF 117), an analogue of vaccinia virus A27L gene of Capripox virus isolates. Virus Genes. 2015;50(2):325\u20138.","journal-title":"Virus Genes"},{"issue":"2","key":"5107_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.56.2.482-488.1985","volume":"56","author":"JF Rodriguez","year":"1985","unstructured":"Rodriguez JF, Janeczko R, Esteban M. Isolation and characterization of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to vaccinia virus. J Virol. 1985;56(2):482\u20138.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"12","key":"5107_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10126","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.72.12.10126-10137.1998","volume":"72","author":"MI V\u00e1zquez","year":"1998","unstructured":"V\u00e1zquez MI, Rivas G, Cregut D, Serrano L, Esteban M. The vaccinia virus 14-kilodalton (A27L) fusion protein forms a triple coiled-coil structure and interacts with the 21-kilodalton (A17L) virus membrane protein through a C-terminal alpha-helix. J Virol. 1998;72(12):10126\u201337.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"11","key":"5107_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9098","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.73.11.9098-9109.1999","volume":"73","author":"MI V\u00e1zquez","year":"1999","unstructured":"V\u00e1zquez MI, Esteban M, Va A, Esteban M. Identification of functional domains in the 14-kilodalton envelope protein (A27L) of vaccinia virus. J Virol. 1999;73(11):9098\u2013109.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"6","key":"5107_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3435","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.67.6.3435-3440.1993","volume":"67","author":"D Rodriguez","year":"1993","unstructured":"Rodriguez D, Rodriguez JR, Esteban M. The vaccinia virus 14-kilodalton fusion protein forms a stable complex with the processed protein encoded by the vaccinia virus A17L gene. J Virol. 1993;67(6):3435\u201340.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5107_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.66.1.386-398.1992","volume":"66","author":"WE Demkowicz","year":"1992","unstructured":"Demkowicz WE, Maa JS, Esteban M. Identification and characterization of vaccinia virus genes encoding proteins that are highly antigenic in animals and are immunodominant in vaccinated humans. J Virol. 1992;66(1):386\u201398.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"36","key":"5107_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22174","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)45686-4","volume":"265","author":"C Lai","year":"1990","unstructured":"Lai C, Gong S, Esteban M. Structural and functional properties of the 14-kDa envelope protein of vaccinia virus synthesized in Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem. 1990;265(36):22174\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)45686-4.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"10","key":"5107_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5631","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.65.10.5631-5635.1991","volume":"65","author":"CF Lai","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lai CF, Gong SC, Esteban M. The purified 14-kilodalton envelope protein of vaccinia virus produced in Escherichia coli induces virus immunity in animals. J Virol. 1991;65(10):5631\u20135.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"8","key":"5107_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00050-07","volume":"14","author":"AD Garc\u00eda","year":"2007","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda AD, Meseda CA, Mayer AE, Kumar A, Merchlinsky M, Weir JP. Characterization and use of mammalian-expressed vaccinia virus extracellular membrane proteins for quantification of the humoral immune response to smallpox vaccines. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2007;14(8):1032\u201344.","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5107_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-5956-10-4","volume":"10","author":"MJ McGuire","year":"2012","unstructured":"McGuire MJ, Johnston SA, Sykes KF. Novel immune-modulator identified by a rapid, functional screen of the parapoxvirus Ovis (Orf virus) genome. Proteome Sci. 2012;10(1):1\u201316.","journal-title":"Proteome Sci"},{"key":"5107_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1994.1420","volume":"202","author":"JT Sullivan","year":"1994","unstructured":"Sullivan JT, Mercer AA, Fleming SB, Robinson A. Identification and characterization of an Orf virus homologue of the vaccinia virus gene encoding the major envelope antigen p37K. Virology. 1994;202:968\u201373.","journal-title":"Virology"},{"issue":"4","key":"5107_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-016-3178-z","volume":"162","author":"R Yogisharadhya","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yogisharadhya R, Kumar A, Ramappa R, Venkatesan G, Bhanuprakash V, Shivachandra SB. Functional characterization of recombinant major envelope protein (rB2L) of Orf virus. Arch Virol. 2017;162(4):953\u201362.","journal-title":"Arch Virol"},{"issue":"March","key":"5107_CR52","first-page":"1","volume":"14","author":"Y Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang Y, Sun S, Zhao K, Du L, Wang X, He W, et al. Orf virus DNA prime-protein boost strategy is superior to adenovirus-based vaccination in mice and sheep. Front Immunol. 2023;14(March):1\u201312.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"5107_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-0934(94)90143-0","volume":"49","author":"VM Carn","year":"1994","unstructured":"Carn VM, Kitching RP, Hammond JM, Chand P. Use of a recombinant antigen in an indirect ELISA for detecting bovine antibody to capripoxvirus. J Virol Methods. 1994;49:285\u201394.","journal-title":"J Virol Methods"},{"issue":"March","key":"5107_CR54","first-page":"1","volume":"14","author":"GK Oluka","year":"2023","unstructured":"Oluka GK, Namubiru P, Kato L, Ankunda V, Gombe B, Cotten M, et al. Optimisation and validation of a conventional ELISA and cut-offs for detecting and quantifying anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike, RBD, and nucleoprotein IgG, IgM, and IgA antibodies in Uganda. Front Immunol. 2023;14(March):1\u201316.","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"5107_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1053\/jcpa.1999.0346","volume":"122","author":"D Marlier","year":"2000","unstructured":"Marlier D, Mainil J, Boucraut-Baralon C, Linden A, Vindevogel H. The efficacy of two vaccination schemes against experimental infection with a virulent amyxomatous or a virulent nodular myxoma virus strain. J Comp Pathol. 2000;122(2\u20133):115\u201322.","journal-title":"J Comp Pathol"},{"issue":"3","key":"5107_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2012.01.009","volume":"93","author":"PJ Kerr","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kerr PJ. Myxomatosis in Australia and Europe: a model for emerging infectious diseases. Antivir Res. 2012;93(3):387\u2013415. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.antiviral.2012.01.009.","journal-title":"Antivir Res"},{"issue":"13","key":"5107_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6333","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00115-06","volume":"80","author":"V Panchanathan","year":"2006","unstructured":"Panchanathan V, Chaudhri G, Karupiah G. Protective immunity against secondary poxvirus infection is dependent on antibody but not on CD4 or CD8 T-cell function. J Virol. 2006;80(13):6333\u20138.","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5107_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.4161\/hv.34299","volume":"11","author":"C Levin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Levin C, Perrin H, Combadiere B. Tailored immunity by skin antigen-presenting cells. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2015;11(1):27\u201336.","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"}],"container-title":["BMC Veterinary Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12917-025-05107-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12917-025-05107-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12917-025-05107-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T18:07:49Z","timestamp":1762884469000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12917-025-05107-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5107"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12917-025-05107-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1746-6148"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1746-6148"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 October 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Experimental procedures were approved by the\n                      Ethical Committee\n                      of the Principality of\n                      Asturias\n                      and authorized by the Regional Consejer\u00eda de Agroganader\u00eda y Recursos Autoctonos del Principado de Asturias, Spain (authorization code PROAE 19\/2014). Experiments were conducted following Directive 2012\/63\/EU.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"655"}}