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Moreover, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has shown relevance in acquisition of more aggressive BlCa phenotype. We aimed to test the usefulness of the molecular classification, as defined by immunohistochemistry (a routinely performed and easy-to-implement technique), in a well-defined BlCa cohort of both non-muscle invasive (NMIBC) and muscle invasive (MIBC) disease. Also, we aimed to assess the additional prognostic value of the mesenchymal marker vimentin to the stratification strategy.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A total of 186 samples were available. Immunohistochemistry\/RT-qPCR for luminal markers GATA3\/FOXA1, basal markers KRT5\/KRT6A and vimentin were performed.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>mRNA expression levels of the markers positively correlated with immunoexpression scores. We found substantial overlapping in immunoexpression of luminal and basal markers, evidencing tumor heterogeneity. In MIBC, basal tumors developed recurrence more frequently. NMIBC patients with higher vimentin immunoexpression endured poorer disease-free survival, and increased expression was observed from normal bladder-NMIBC-MIBC-metastases.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The classification has the potential to be implemented in routine, but further adjustments in practical scoring should be defined; focusing on additional markers, including those related to EMT, may further refine BlCa molecular taxonomy.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-020-02475-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,5]],"date-time":"2020-08-05T11:02:58Z","timestamp":1596625378000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Practicability of clinical application of bladder cancer molecular classification and additional value of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition: prognostic value of vimentin expression"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Lobo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Monteiro-Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Catarina","family":"Guimar\u00e3es-Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Isa","family":"Carneiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4186-5345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmen","family":"Jer\u00f3nimo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Henrique","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2475_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492","volume":"68","author":"F Bray","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA, Jemal A. 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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interest"}}],"article-number":"303"}}