{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T11:37:42Z","timestamp":1774352262631,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]],"date-time":"2023-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701993600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]],"date-time":"2023-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701993600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Reprod Health"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The World Health Organization characterizes infertility as a disease since 2009; however, in many countries, reproductive health is not prioritized. Characterizing a target population and knowing the barriers to accessing reproductive care may allow for a broadening of the discussion on how to provide equal opportunities. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a questionnaire that seeks to identify socioeconomic and cultural characteristics of Brazilian infertile couples to open the discussion on the principle of fair access to health.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>(1) literature review in the main databases, (2) questionnaire elaboration by researchers within the areas of human reproduction and bioethics, concerned with content adequacy and comprehension, using the Google Forms online platform, (3) pilot study - the questionnaire was applied to 54 couples, over 18 years of age, that were seeking treatment for infertility and accepted to participate in the study and (4) statistical analysis - for continuous numerical variables, mean, standard deviation and 95% CI of the means were presented. For discrete numerical variables, median, interquartile range, minimum and maximum were presented.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Forty-four questionnaires were fully completed and with adequate answers. The questionnaire proved to be objective and easy to understand. It was possible to obtain information on education, race of the couple, the impact of infertility on the couple\u2019s life, socioeconomic conditions, and the main difficulties in accessing medical care for treatment of infertility.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The questionnaire proved to be feasible in collecting appropriate information to characterize a target population and the only limitation was that there was no academic expert evaluation prior to the pilot test.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-023-01724-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]],"date-time":"2023-12-08T03:02:29Z","timestamp":1702004549000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Access to infertility care in Brazil: validation of a questionnaire for a bioethical discussion"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1897-9635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Drauzio","family":"Oppenheimer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9745-4572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christiane Peres","family":"Caldas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8083-7895","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisca","family":"Rego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1377-9899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rui","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"1724_CR1","unstructured":"UN Women. United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women. Fourth World Conference on women. 1995. https:\/\/www.un.org\/womenwatch\/daw\/beijing\/platform\/. Accessed 4 Apr 2017."},{"issue":"2","key":"1724_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2009.03.034","volume":"106","author":"MC Inhorn","year":"2009","unstructured":"Inhorn MC. Right to assisted reproductive technology: overcoming infertility in low-resource countries. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2009;106(2):172\u20134.","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"issue":"1","key":"1724_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2013.07.001","volume":"123","author":"F Zegers-Hochschild","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zegers-Hochschild F, Dickens BM, Dughman-Manzur S. Human rights to in vitro fertilization. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2013;123(1):86\u20139.","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"1724_CR4","volume-title":"Infertility service use in the United States: data from the national survey of family growth 1982\u20132010","author":"A Chandra","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chandra A, Copen CE, Stephen EH. Infertility service use in the United States: data from the national survey of family growth 1982\u20132010. National Health Statistics Report; 2014."},{"issue":"5","key":"1724_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2016.03.034","volume":"105","author":"OK Davis","year":"2016","unstructured":"Davis OK, Sokol RZ, Introduction. Access to fertility care. Fertil Steril. 2016;105(5):1111\u20132.","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"9","key":"1724_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1786","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dex234","volume":"32","author":"F Zegers-Hochschild","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zegers-Hochschild F, Adamson GD, Dyer S, et al. The International Glossary on Infertility and Fertility Care, 2017. Hum Reprod. 2017;32(9):1786\u2013801.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"1724_CR7","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Infertility [WHO website]. 2020. www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/infertility. Accessed 6 May 2022."},{"key":"1724_CR8","first-page":"257","volume":"3","author":"W Ombelet","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ombelet W. Global access to infertility care in developing countries: a case of human rights, equity and Social Justice. 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Hum Reprod. 2016;31(7):1588\u2013609.","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"1724_CR11","first-page":"2","volume":"47","author":"LP King","year":"2017","unstructured":"King LP, Zacharias RL, Johnston J. Autonomy in Tension: Reproduction, Technology, and Justice. Hastings Cent Rep. 2017;47(Suppl 3):2\u20135.","journal-title":"Hastings Cent Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"1724_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1590\/S0034-71672006000300012","volume":"59","author":"PMV Hermida","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hermida PMV, Ara\u00fajo IEM. Elaboration and validation of the instrument nursing interview. Rev Bras Enferm. 2006;59(3):314\u201320.","journal-title":"Rev Bras Enferm"},{"issue":"1","key":"1724_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1590\/S1517-97022012005000002","volume":"38","author":"LG Ollaik","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ollaik LG, Ziller HM. Conceptions of validity in qualitative studie. Educ Pesqui. 2012;38(1):229\u201341.","journal-title":"Educ Pesqui"}],"container-title":["Reproductive Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12978-023-01724-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12978-023-01724-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12978-023-01724-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]],"date-time":"2023-12-08T03:02:59Z","timestamp":1702004579000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/reproductive-health-journal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12978-023-01724-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1724"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12978-023-01724-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1742-4755"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1742-4755","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 January 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 November 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 December 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Institutional review board approval was obtained from the Itajub\u00e1 School of Medicine (project number 4.920.415).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"183"}}