{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T11:31:45Z","timestamp":1770550305980,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,5]],"date-time":"2014-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1417737600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,5]],"date-time":"2014-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1417737600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Crit Care"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>Achievement of optimal vancomycin exposure is crucial to improve the management of patients with life-threatening infections caused by susceptible Gram-positive bacteria and is of particular concern in patients with augmented renal clearance (ARC). The aim of this study was to develop a dosing nomogram for the administration of vancomycin by continuous infusion for the first 24\u00a0hours of therapy based on the measured urinary creatinine clearance (8\u00a0h CL<jats:sub>CR<\/jats:sub>).<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>This single-center study included all critically ill patients treated with vancomycin over a 13-month period (group 1), in which we retrospectively assessed the correlation between vancomycin clearance and 8\u00a0h CL<jats:sub>CR<\/jats:sub>. This data was used to develop a formula for optimised drug dosing. The efficiency of this formula was prospectively evaluated in a second cohort of 25 consecutive critically ill patients (group 2). Vancomycin serum concentrations between 20 to 30\u00a0mg\/L were considered adequate. ARC was defined as 8\u00a0h CL<jats:sub>CR<\/jats:sub> more than 130\u00a0ml\/min\/1.73\u00a0m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>The incidence of ARC was 36% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 29\/79) and 40% (10\/25) in group 1 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 79) and 2 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 25), respectively. The mean serum vancomycin concentration on day 1 was 21.5 (6.4) and 24.5 (5.2) mg\/L, for both groups respectively. On the treatment day, vancomycin plasma clearance was 5.12 (1.9) L\/h in group 1 and correlated significantly with the 8\u00a0h CL<jats:sub>CR<\/jats:sub> (r<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> =\u20090.66; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.001). The achievement of adequate vancomycin serum concentrations in group 2 was 84% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 21\/25) versus 51% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 40\/79) \u2013 <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.005.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>This new vancomycin nomogram enabled the achievement of adequate serum concentrations in 84% of the patients on the first day of treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-014-0654-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,4]],"date-time":"2014-12-04T12:17:13Z","timestamp":1417695433000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Decreasing the time to achieve therapeutic vancomycin concentrations in critically ill patients: developing and testing of a dosing nomogram"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Pedro","family":"Baptista","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jason A","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Nuno","family":"Deveza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Pimentel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"654_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2012.07.007","volume":"15","author":"J Blazquez","year":"2012","unstructured":"Blazquez J, Couce A, Rodriguez-Beltran J, Rodriguez-Rojas A: Antimicrobials as promoters of genetic variation. Curr Opin Microbiol. 2012, 15: 561-569. 10.1016\/j.mib.2012.07.007.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Microbiol"},{"key":"654_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2323","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.1754","volume":"302","author":"JL Vincent","year":"2009","unstructured":"Vincent JL, Rello J, Marshall J, Silva E, Anzueto A, Martin CD, Moreno R, Lipman J, Gomersall C, Sakr Y, Reinhart K, EPIC II, Group of Investigators: International study of the prevalence and outcomes of infection in intensive care units. JAMA. 2009, 302: 2323-2329. 10.1001\/jama.2009.1754.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"654_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2011.05.013","volume":"38","author":"H Hanberger","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hanberger H, Walther S, Leone M, Barie PS, Rello J, Lipman J, Marshall JC, Anzueto A, Sakr Y, Pickkers P, Felleiter P, Engoren M, Vincent JL, EPIC II, Group of Investigators: Increased mortality associated with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection in the intensive care unit: results from the EPIC II study. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2011, 38: 331-335. 10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2011.05.013.","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"654_CR4","unstructured":"Antibiotic resistance threats in the United States. [http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/drugresistance\/threat-report-2013\/pdf\/ar-threats-2013-508.pdf]"},{"key":"654_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e59960","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0059960","volume":"8","author":"D Espadinha","year":"2013","unstructured":"Espadinha D, Faria NA, Miragaia M, Lito LM, Melo-Cristino J, de Lencastre H: Extensive dissemination of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) between the hospital and the community in a country with a high prevalence of nosocomial MRSA. PLoS One. 2013, 8: e59960-10.1371\/journal.pone.0059960.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"654_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goncalves-Pereira J, Pereira JM, Ribeiro O, Baptista JP, Froes F, Paiva JA: Impact of infection on admission and of the process of care on mortality of patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit - The INFAUCI study. Clin Microbiol Infect 2014. doi:10.1111\/1469-0691.12738.,","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12738"},{"key":"654_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1R420","volume":"47","author":"VP DiMondi","year":"2013","unstructured":"DiMondi VP, Rafferty K: Review of continuous-infusion vancomycin. Ann Pharmacother. 2013, 47: 219-227. 10.1345\/aph.1R420.","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"key":"654_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2460","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.45.9.2460-2467.2001","volume":"45","author":"M Wysocki","year":"2001","unstructured":"Wysocki M, Delatour F, Faurisson F, Rauss A, Pean Y, Misset B, Thomas F, Timsit JF, Similowski T, Mentec H, Mier L, Dreyfuss D: Continuous versus intermittent infusion of vancomycin in severe Staphylococcal infections: prospective multicenter randomized study. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2001, 45: 2460-2467. 10.1128\/AAC.45.9.2460-2467.2001.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"654_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkr442","volume":"67","author":"MA Cataldo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cataldo MA, Tacconelli E, Grilli E, Pea F, Petrosillo N: Continuous versus intermittent infusion of vancomycin for the treatment of Gram-positive infections: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2012, 67: 17-24. 10.1093\/jac\/dkr442.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"654_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1983","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000178180.61305.1D","volume":"33","author":"J Rello","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rello J, Sole-Violan J, Sa-Borges M, Garnacho-Montero J, Munoz E, Sirgo G, Olona M, Diaz E: Pneumonia caused by oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus treated with glycopeptides. Crit Care Med. 2005, 33: 1983-1987. 10.1097\/01.CCM.0000178180.61305.1D.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"654_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3181a97272","volume":"111","author":"D Hutschala","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hutschala D, Kinstner C, Skhirdladze K, Thalhammer F, Muller M, Tschernko E: Influence of vancomycin on renal function in critically ill patients after cardiac surgery: continuous versus intermittent infusion. Anesthesiology. 2009, 111: 356-365. 10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3181a97272.","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"654_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2011.12.011","volume":"39","author":"JP Baptista","year":"2012","unstructured":"Baptista JP, Sousa E, Martins PJ, Pimentel JM: Augmented renal clearance in septic patients and implications for vancomycin optimisation. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2012, 39: 420-423. 10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2011.12.011.","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"654_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2011.12.008","volume":"39","author":"E Ocampos-Martinez","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ocampos-Martinez E, Penaccini L, Scolletta S, Abdelhadii A, Devigili A, Cianferoni S, de Backer D, Jacobs F, Cotton F, Vincent JL, Taccone FS: Determinants of early inadequate vancomycin concentrations during continuous infusion in septic patients. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2012, 39: 332-337. 10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2011.12.008.","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"654_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-013-2909-9","volume":"39","author":"Y Shimamoto","year":"2013","unstructured":"Shimamoto Y, Fukuda T, Tanaka K, Komori K, Sadamitsu D: Systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria and vancomycin dose requirement in patients with sepsis. Intensive Care Med. 2013, 39: 1247-1252. 10.1007\/s00134-013-2909-9.","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"654_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2070","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-013-3088-4","volume":"39","author":"AA Udy","year":"2013","unstructured":"Udy AA, Roberts JA, Lipman J: Clinical implications of antibiotic pharmacokinetic principles in the critically ill. Intensive Care Med. 2013, 39: 2070-2082. 10.1007\/s00134-013-3088-4.","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"654_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1086\/600877","volume":"49","author":"MJ Rybak","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rybak MJ, Lomaestro BM, Rotschafer JC, Moellering RC, Craig WA, Billeter M, Dalovisio JR, Levine DP: Vancomycin therapeutic guidelines: a summary of consensus recommendations from the infectious diseases Society of America, the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, and the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists. Clin Infect Dis. 2009, 49: 325-327. 10.1086\/600877.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"654_CR17","unstructured":"Rowland M, Tozer TN: Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics: Concepts and Applications. 4th edition. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health\/Lippincott William & Wilkins; 2010. c2011."},{"key":"654_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01149-08","volume":"53","author":"F Pea","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pea F, Furlanut M, Negri C, Pavan F, Crapis M, Cristini F, Viale P: Prospectively validated dosing nomograms for maximizing the pharmacodynamics of vancomycin administered by continuous infusion in critically ill patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2009, 53: 1863-1867. 10.1128\/AAC.01149-08.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"654_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.37.2.281","volume":"37","author":"C Lamer","year":"1993","unstructured":"Lamer C, de Beco V, Soler P, Calvat S, Fagon JY, Dombret MC, Farinotti R, Chastre J, Gibert C: Analysis of vancomycin entry into pulmonary lining fluid by bronchoalveolar lavage in critically ill patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1993, 37: 281-286. 10.1128\/AAC.37.2.281.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"654_CR20","unstructured":"Inker LA, Perrone RD: Assessment of Kidney Function. In UpToDate. Edited by Sterns RH, Post TW. 2013. Waltham, MA. http:\/\/www.uptodate.com\/contents\/assessment-of-kidney-function?source=search_result&search=Assessment+of+Kidney+Function.&selectedTitle=1~150."},{"key":"654_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R139","DOI":"10.1186\/cc10262","volume":"15","author":"JP Baptista","year":"2011","unstructured":"Baptista JP, Udy AA, Sousa E, Pimentel J, Wang L, Roberts JA, Lipman J: A comparison of estimates of glomerular filtration in critically ill patients with augmented renal clearance. Crit Care. 2011, 15: R139-10.1186\/cc10262.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"654_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R108","DOI":"10.1186\/cc12777","volume":"17","author":"G Bragadottir","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bragadottir G, Redfors B, Ricksten SE: Assessing glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury - true GFR versus urinary creatinine clearance and estimating equations. Crit Care. 2013, 17: R108-10.1186\/cc12777.","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"654_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1007\/s40620-013-0036-x","volume":"27","author":"JP Baptista","year":"2014","unstructured":"Baptista JP, Neves M, Rodrigues L, Teixeira L, Pinho J, Pimentel J: Accuracy of the estimation of glomerular filtration rate within a population of critically ill patients. J Nephrol. 2014, 27: 403-410. 10.1007\/s40620-013-0036-x.","journal-title":"J Nephrol"},{"key":"654_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000000029","volume":"42","author":"AA Udy","year":"2014","unstructured":"Udy AA, Baptista JP, Lim NL, Joynt GM, Jarrett P, Wockner L, Boots RJ, Lipman J: Augmented renal clearance in the ICU: results of a multicenter observational study of renal function in critically Ill patients with normal plasma creatinine concentrations*. Crit Care Med. 2014, 42: 520-527. 10.1097\/CCM.0000000000000029.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"654_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2013.03.003","volume":"28","author":"BO Claus","year":"2013","unstructured":"Claus BO, Hoste EA, Colpaert K, Robays H, Decruyenaere J, De Waele JJ: Augmented renal clearance is a common finding with worse clinical outcome in critically ill patients receiving antimicrobial therapy. J Crit Care. 2013, 28: 695-700. 10.1016\/j.jcrc.2013.03.003.","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"key":"654_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197810262991703","volume":"299","author":"P Loirat","year":"1978","unstructured":"Loirat P, Rohan J, Baillet A, Beaufils F, David R, Chapman A: Increased glomerular filtration rate in patients with major burns and its effect on the pharmacokinetics of tobramycin. N Engl J Med. 1978, 299: 915-919. 10.1056\/NEJM197810262991703.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"654_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-1671","volume":"142","author":"AA Udy","year":"2012","unstructured":"Udy AA, Varghese JM, Altukroni M, Briscoe S, McWhinney BC, Ungerer JP, Lipman J, Roberts JA: Subtherapeutic initial beta-lactam concentrations in select critically ill patients: association between augmented renal clearance and low trough drug concentrations. Chest. 2012, 142: 30-39. 10.1378\/chest.11-1671.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"654_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2398","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.6.2398-2402.2004","volume":"42","author":"G Sakoulas","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sakoulas G, Moise-Broder PA, Schentag J, Forrest A, Moellering RC, Eliopoulos GM: Relationship of MIC and bactericidal activity to efficacy of vancomycin for treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. J Clin Microbiol. 2004, 42: 2398-2402. 10.1128\/JCM.42.6.2398-2402.2004.","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"654_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R99","DOI":"10.1186\/cc13874","volume":"18","author":"SKD Blot","year":"2014","unstructured":"Blot SKD, Akova M, Bassetti M, De Waele JJ, Dimopoulos G, Kaukonen KM, Martin C, Montravers P, Rello J, Rhodes A, Starr T, Wallis SC, Lipman J, Roberts JA: Does contemporary vancomycin dosing achieve therapeutic targets in a heterogeneous clinical cohort of critically ill patients? Data from the multinational DALI Study. Critical Care: Bio Med Central. 2014, 18: R99-10.1186\/cc13874.","journal-title":"Critical Care: Bio Med Central"},{"key":"654_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2013.12.007","volume":"29","author":"B Saugel","year":"2014","unstructured":"Saugel B, Gramm C, Wagner JY, Messer M, Lahmer T, Meidert AS, Schmid RM, Huber W: Evaluation of a dosing regimen for continuous vancomycin infusion in critically ill patients: An observational study in intensive care unit patients. J Crit Care. 2014, 29: 351-355. 10.1016\/j.jcrc.2013.12.007.","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"key":"654_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2010.09.004","volume":"37","author":"A Jeurissen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jeurissen A, Sluyts I, Rutsaert R: A higher dose of vancomycin in continuous infusion is needed in critically ill patients. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2011, 37: 75-77. 10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2010.09.004.","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"654_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2012.12.015","volume":"41","author":"JJ De Waele","year":"2013","unstructured":"De Waele JJ, Danneels I, Depuydt P, Decruyenaere J, Bourgeois M, Hoste E: Factors associated with inadequate early vancomycin levels in critically ill patients treated with continuous infusion. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2013, 41: 434-438. 10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2012.12.015.","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"654_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2008.02.008","volume":"31","author":"E Dailly","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dailly E, Le Floch R, Deslandes G, Pannier M, Jolliet P: Influence of glomerular filtration rate on the clearance of vancomycin administered by continuous infusion in burn patients. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2008, 31: 537-539. 10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2008.02.008.","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"654_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2010.07.015","volume":"36","author":"MG Kees","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kees MG, Hilpert JW, Gnewuch C, Kees F, Voegeler S: Clearance of vancomycin during continuous infusion in Intensive Care Unit patients: correlation with measured and estimated creatinine clearance and serum cystatin C. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2010, 36: 545-548. 10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2010.07.015.","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"654_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2704","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01708-10","volume":"55","author":"JATF Roberts","year":"2011","unstructured":"Roberts JATF, Udy AA, Vincent JL, Jacobs F, Lipman J: Vancomycin dosing in critically ill patients: robust methods for improved continuous-infusion regimens. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2011, 55: 2704-2709. 10.1128\/AAC.01708-10.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"654_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2859","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkt261","volume":"68","author":"M Beumier","year":"2013","unstructured":"Beumier M, Roberts JA, Kabtouri H, Hites M, Cotton F, Wolff F, Lipman J, Jacobs F, Vincent JL, Taccone FS: A new regimen for continuous infusion of vancomycin during continuous renal replacement therapy. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2013, 68: 2859-2865. 10.1093\/jac\/dkt261.","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"654_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2369-14-250","volume":"14","author":"AA Udy","year":"2013","unstructured":"Udy AA, Morton FJ, Nguyen-Pham S, Jarrett P, Lassig-Smith M, Stuart J, Dunlop R, Starr T, Boots RJ, Lipman J: A comparison of CKD-EPI estimated glomerular filtration rate and measured creatinine clearance in recently admitted critically ill patients with normal plasma creatinine concentrations. BMC Nephrol. 2013, 14: 250-10.1186\/1471-2369-14-250.","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"}],"container-title":["Critical Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13054-014-0654-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13054-014-0654-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13054-014-0654-2","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13054-014-0654-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]],"date-time":"2024-10-14T16:08:11Z","timestamp":1728922091000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ccforum.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13054-014-0654-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,5]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]}},"alternative-id":["654"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13054-014-0654-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1364-8535"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1364-8535","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 July 2014","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 November 2014","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 December 2014","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"654"}}