{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T10:05:24Z","timestamp":1791194724400,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,25]],"date-time":"2023-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677283200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,25]],"date-time":"2023-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Crit Care"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This paper discusses the use of Artificial Intelligence Chatbot in scientific writing. ChatGPT is a type of chatbot, developed by OpenAI, that uses the Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) language model to understand and respond to natural language inputs. AI chatbot and ChatGPT in particular appear to be useful tools in scientific writing, assisting researchers and scientists in organizing material, generating an initial draft and\/or in proofreading. There is no publication in the field of critical care medicine prepared using this approach; however, this will be a possibility in the next future. ChatGPT work should not be used as a replacement for human judgment and the output should always be reviewed by experts before being used in any critical decision-making or application. Moreover, several ethical issues arise about using these tools, such as the risk of plagiarism and inaccuracies, as well as a potential imbalance in its accessibility between high- and low-income countries, if the software becomes paying. For this reason, a consensus on how to regulate the use of chatbots in scientific writing will soon be required.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-023-04380-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,25]],"date-time":"2023-02-25T04:03:17Z","timestamp":1677297797000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":651,"title":["Can artificial intelligence help for scientific writing?"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Michele","family":"Salvagno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabio Silvio","family":"Taccone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto Giovanni","family":"Gerli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"4380_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-022-03121-w","volume":"51","author":"MR King","year":"2022","unstructured":"King MR. The future of AI in medicine: a perspective from a Chatbot. Ann Biomed Eng. 2022;51:291\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10439-022-03121-w.","journal-title":"Ann Biomed Eng"},{"key":"4380_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-022-03479-w","volume":"611","author":"M Hutson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hutson M. Could AI help you to write your next paper? Nature Nature Research. 2022;611:192\u20133.","journal-title":"Nature Nature Research"},{"key":"4380_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2204511","volume":"388","author":"MM Suverein","year":"2023","unstructured":"Suverein MM, Delnoij TSR, Lorusso R, Bruinsma GJBB, Otterspoor L, Kraemer CVE, et al. Early extracorporeal CPR for refractory out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. New Engl J Med. 2023;388:299\u2013309. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2204511.","journal-title":"New Engl J Med"},{"key":"4380_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2589-7500(23)00021-3","author":"SB Patel","year":"2023","unstructured":"Patel SB, Lam K. ChatGPT: the future of discharge summaries? Lancet Digit Health. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2589-7500(23)00021-3.","journal-title":"Lancet Digit Health"},{"key":"4380_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-023-00056-7","volume":"613","author":"H Else","year":"2023","unstructured":"Else H. Abstracts written by ChatGPT fool scientists. Nature. 2023;613:423\u2013423.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"4380_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2022.12.23.521610v1","author":"CA Gao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gao CA, Howard FM, Markov NS, Dyer EC, Ramesh S, Luo Y, et al. Comparing scientific abstracts generated by ChatGPT to original abstracts using an artificial intelligence output detector, plagiarism detector, and blinded human reviewers. BioRxiv. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2022.12.23.521610v1.","journal-title":"BioRxiv"},{"key":"4380_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-023-03140-1","volume":"51","author":"M Hammad","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hammad M. The impact of artificial intelligence (AI) Programs on writing scientific research. Ann Biomed Eng. 2023;51:459\u201360.","journal-title":"Ann Biomed Eng"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-023-04390-0","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]],"date-time":"2023-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678233600000}}],"container-title":["Critical Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13054-023-04380-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13054-023-04380-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13054-023-04380-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,10]],"date-time":"2023-05-10T06:43:31Z","timestamp":1683701011000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ccforum.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13054-023-04380-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,25]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4380"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13054-023-04380-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1364-8535"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1364-8535","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"31 January 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 February 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 February 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 March 2023","order":4,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Correction","order":5,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"A Correction to this paper has been published:","order":6,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13054-023-04390-0","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13054-023-04390-0","order":7,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"75"}}