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Granulosa cells, surrounding the oocyte, play a pivotal role in the maturation process, with mechanisms such as cAMP signaling significantly influencing oocyte development. Epigenetic mechanisms \u2013 including DNA methylation and its oxidative derivatives, histone post-translational modifications and chromatin remodeling \u2013 interfere with the accessibility of transcription factors to regulatory regions of the genome, such as promoter regions of genes, hence generally regulating gene expression profiles; however, in oocytes, transcription is largely independent of DNA methylation patterns. Here we highlight epigenetic reprogramming events occurring during oocyte development and ageing, focusing on the establishment of gamete-specific epigenetic marks, including DNA modifications at imprinted regions, and age-related epigenetic changes. We focus on the mechanisms of DNA methylation and demethylation during mouse and human oocyte maturation, alongside an exploration of how ageing impacts the oocyte epigenome and its implications for reproductive success. 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