{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]],"date-time":"2025-11-15T04:03:42Z","timestamp":1763179422110},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,6]],"date-time":"2022-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,6]],"date-time":"2022-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657065600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Foundation for Science and Technology  and the POCH\/FSE programme","award":["SFRH\/BD\/117371\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SFRH\/BD\/117371\/2016"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diabetol Metab Syndr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>One hour plasma glucose concentration (1hPG) during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) may be an alternative to 2-h plasma glucose concentration (2hPG) in the identification of individuals at increased risk of hyperglycaemia, although its role is not fully understood.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We aim to investigate the relationship of these measures with other glucose parameters, as well as their relationship with cardiometabolic risk markers and the level of agreement for prediabetes <jats:italic>mellitus<\/jats:italic> diagnosis, in a sample of patients with morbid obesity.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We retrospectively evaluated 656 patients with morbid obesity without diagnosed diabetes. To define prediabetes with 2hPG, 2022 American Diabetes Association guidelines criteria were used, while for 1hPG, glucose\u2009\u2265\u2009155\u00a0mg\/dL was considered. Cohen\u2019s Kappa coefficient was used to assess the agreement between both measures of prediabetes <jats:italic>mellitus<\/jats:italic> diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A Cohen\u2019s Kappa coefficient of 0.405 (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) was obtained. The 1hPG were positively correlated with homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (<jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.281, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (<jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.581, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), glycated haemoglobin (Hb1AC) (<jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.347, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and were negatively correlated with homeostatic model assessment for cell-\u03b2 function (HOMA-\u03b2) (<jats:italic>\u03c1<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.092, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.018). 2hPG were also correlated with the same parameters, except for HOMA-\u03b2.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A fair agreement between 1 and 2hPG was verified. 1hPG criteria may be a useful indicator of \u03b2-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance in patients with morbid obesity without diabetes diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13098-022-00865-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,6]],"date-time":"2022-07-06T09:02:58Z","timestamp":1657098178000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Oral glucose tolerance testing at 1\u00a0h and 2\u00a0h: relationship with glucose and cardiometabolic parameters and agreement for pre-diabetes diagnosis in patients with morbid obesity"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Guerreiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Maia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o S\u00e9rgio","family":"Neves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Salazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Maria Jo\u00e3o","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Mendon\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Maria Manuel","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Borges-Canha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Viana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Cl\u00e1udia","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Pedro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Varela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Davide","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"name":"AMTCO Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"865_CR1","first-page":"3","volume":"60","author":"WP James","year":"2013","unstructured":"James WP. Obesity\u2014a modern pandemic: the burden of disease. Endocrinol Nutr. 2013;60(Suppl 1):3\u20136.","journal-title":"Endocrinol Nutr"},{"issue":"6","key":"865_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.3810\/pgm.2009.11.2074","volume":"121","author":"X Pi-Sunyer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pi-Sunyer X. The medical risks of obesity. Postgrad Med. 2009;121(6):21\u201333.","journal-title":"Postgrad Med"},{"key":"865_CR3","unstructured":"Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic. Report of a WHO consultation. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser. 2000;894:i-xii, 1\u2013253."},{"issue":"3","key":"865_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-9920","volume":"30","author":"DM Nathan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Nathan DM, Davidson MB, DeFronzo RA, Heine RJ, Henry RR, Pratley R, et al. Impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance: implications for care. Diabetes Care. 2007;30(3):753\u20139.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"865_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.22.2.233","volume":"22","author":"M Coutinho","year":"1999","unstructured":"Coutinho M, Gerstein HC, Wang Y, Yusuf S. The relationship between glucose and incident cardiovascular events. A metaregression analysis of published data from 20 studies of 95,783 individuals followed for 12.4 years. Diabetes Care. 1999;22(2):233\u201340.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"865_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2018.09.017","volume":"146","author":"M Bergman","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bergman M, Manco M, Sesti G, Dankner R, Pareek M, Jagannathan R, et al. Petition to replace current OGTT criteria for diagnosing prediabetes with the 1-hour post-load plasma glucose \u2265 155 mg\/dl (8.6 mmol\/L). Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2018;146:18\u201333.","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"issue":"11","key":"865_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1615","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2017.165","volume":"41","author":"AS Meijnikman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Meijnikman AS, De Block CEM, Dirinck E, Verrijken A, Mertens I, Corthouts B, et al. Not performing an OGTT results in significant underdiagnosis of (pre)diabetes in a high risk adult Caucasian population. Int J Obes (Lond). 2017;41(11):1615\u201320.","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond)"},{"issue":"9","key":"865_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-5491.2002.00835.x","volume":"19","author":"N Unwin","year":"2002","unstructured":"Unwin N, Shaw J, Zimmet P, Alberti KG. Impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glycaemia: the current status on definition and intervention. Diabet Med. 2002;19(9):708\u201323.","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"865_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1650","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-0225","volume":"31","author":"MA Abdul-Ghani","year":"2008","unstructured":"Abdul-Ghani MA, Abdul-Ghani T, Ali N, Defronzo RA. One-hour plasma glucose concentration and the metabolic syndrome identify subjects at high risk for future type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2008;31(8):1650\u20135.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"865_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1544","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-1331","volume":"30","author":"MA Abdul-Ghani","year":"2007","unstructured":"Abdul-Ghani MA, Williams K, DeFronzo RA, Stern M. What is the best predictor of future type 2 diabetes? Diabetes Care. 2007;30(6):1544\u20138.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"865_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-014-3390-x","volume":"58","author":"A Alyass","year":"2015","unstructured":"Alyass A, Almgren P, Akerlund M, Dushoff J, Isomaa B, Nilsson P, et al. Modelling of OGTT curve identifies 1 h plasma glucose level as a strong predictor of incident type 2 diabetes: results from two prospective cohorts. Diabetologia. 2015;58(1):87\u201397.","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"1","key":"865_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-015-0746-z","volume":"52","author":"R Jagannathan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jagannathan R, Sevick MA, Li H, Fink D, Dankner R, Chetrit A, et al. Elevated 1-hour plasma glucose levels are associated with dysglycemia, impaired beta-cell function, and insulin sensitivity: a pilot study from a real world health care setting. Endocrine. 2016;52(1):172\u20135.","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"1","key":"865_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2009.04.006","volume":"207","author":"E Succurro","year":"2009","unstructured":"Succurro E, Marini MA, Arturi F, Grembiale A, Lugar\u00e0 M, Andreozzi F, et al. Elevated one-hour post-load plasma glucose levels identifies subjects with normal glucose tolerance but early carotid atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis. 2009;207(1):245\u20139.","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"issue":"5","key":"865_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2100","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-3971","volume":"98","author":"C Bianchi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bianchi C, Miccoli R, Trombetta M, Giorgino F, Frontoni S, Faloia E, et al. Elevated 1-hour postload plasma glucose levels identify subjects with normal glucose tolerance but impaired \u03b2-cell function, insulin resistance, and worse cardiovascular risk profile: the GENFIEV study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013;98(5):2100\u20135.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"865_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2016.08.013","volume":"120","author":"M Bergman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bergman M, Chetrit A, Roth J, Jagannathan R, Sevick M, Dankner R. One-hour post-load plasma glucose level during the OGTT predicts dysglycemia: observations from the 24year follow-up of the Israel study of glucose intolerance, obesity and hypertension. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2016;120:221\u20138.","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"issue":"2","key":"865_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1515\/JPM.2005.024","volume":"33","author":"KJ B\u00fchling","year":"2005","unstructured":"B\u00fchling KJ, Winkel T, Wolf C, Kurzidim B, Mahmoudi M, Wohlfarth K, et al. Optimal timing for postprandial glucose measurement in pregnant women with diabetes and a non-diabetic pregnant population evaluated by the Continuous Glucose Monitoring System (CGMS). J Perinat Med. 2005;33(2):125\u201331.","journal-title":"J Perinat Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"865_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.2337\/dc17-1900","volume":"41","author":"E Paddock","year":"2018","unstructured":"Paddock E, Looker HC, Piaggi P, Knowler WC, Krakoff J, Chang DC. One-hour plasma glucose compared with two-hour plasma glucose in relation to diabetic retinopathy in American Indians. Diabetes Care. 2018;41(6):1212\u20137.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"865_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S14","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-S002","volume":"43","author":"Association AD","year":"2020","unstructured":"Association AD. 2.Classification and diagnosis of diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2020;43(Suppl 1):S14\u201331.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"7","key":"865_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00280883","volume":"28","author":"DR Matthews","year":"1985","unstructured":"Matthews DR, Hosker JP, Rudenski AS, Naylor BA, Treacher DF, Turner RC. Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia. 1985;28(7):412\u20139.","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"8","key":"865_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1007\/s001250100580","volume":"44","author":"RE Pratley","year":"2001","unstructured":"Pratley RE, Weyer C. The role of impaired early insulin secretion in the pathogenesis of Type II diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia. 2001;44(8):929\u201345.","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"9","key":"865_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3131","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-00468","volume":"103","author":"TV Fiorentino","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fiorentino TV, Marini MA, Succurro E, Andreozzi F, Perticone M, Hribal ML, et al. One-hour postload hyperglycemia: implications for prediction and prevention of type 2 diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018;103(9):3131\u201343.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"865_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-1264","volume":"32","author":"MA Abdul-Ghani","year":"2009","unstructured":"Abdul-Ghani MA, Lyssenko V, Tuomi T, DeFronzo RA, Groop L. Fasting versus postload plasma glucose concentration and the risk for future type 2 diabetes: results from the Botnia Study. Diabetes Care. 2009;32(2):281\u20136.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"7","key":"865_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-013-2902-4","volume":"56","author":"DH Morris","year":"2013","unstructured":"Morris DH, Khunti K, Achana F, Srinivasan B, Gray LJ, Davies MJ, et al. Progression rates from HbA1c 6.0\u20136.4% and other prediabetes definitions to type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis. Diabetologia. 2013;56(7):1489\u201393.","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"865_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2020.108233","volume":"165","author":"M Bergman","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bergman M, Abdul-Ghani M, DeFronzo RA, Manco M, Sesti G, Fiorentino TV, et al. Review of methods for detecting glycemic disorders. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2020;165: 108233.","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"issue":"7","key":"865_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.13370","volume":"34","author":"R Jagannathan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jagannathan R, Bergman M. Use of 1-h post-load plasma glucose concentration to identify individuals at high risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med. 2017;34(7):877\u20138.","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"865_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3744","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-2573","volume":"100","author":"TV Fiorentino","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fiorentino TV, Marini MA, Andreozzi F, Arturi F, Succurro E, Perticone M, et al. One-hour postload hyperglycemia is a stronger predictor of type 2 diabetes than impaired fasting glucose. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015;100(10):3744\u201351.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"865_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.12353","volume":"6","author":"L Kuang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kuang L, Huang Z, Hong Z, Chen A, Li Y. Predictability of 1-h postload plasma glucose concentration: a 10-year retrospective cohort study. J Diabetes Investig. 2015;6(6):647\u201354.","journal-title":"J Diabetes Investig"},{"issue":"6","key":"865_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2013.0025","volume":"15","author":"M Priya","year":"2013","unstructured":"Priya M, Anjana RM, Chiwanga FS, Gokulakrishnan K, Deepa M, Mohan V. 1-hour venous plasma glucose and incident prediabetes and diabetes in Asian indians. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2013;15(6):497\u2013502.","journal-title":"Diabetes Technol Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"865_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.3.868","volume":"26","author":"M Hanefeld","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hanefeld M, Koehler C, Fuecker K, Henkel E, Schaper F, Temelkova-Kurktschiev T, et al. Insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity pattern is different in isolated impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glucose: the risk factor in Impaired Glucose Tolerance for Atherosclerosis and Diabetes study. Diabetes Care. 2003;26(3):868\u201374.","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"865_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2005.02.015","volume":"70","author":"Y Nishi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nishi Y, Fukushima M, Suzuki H, Mitsui R, Ueda N, Taniguchi A, et al. Insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity in Japanese subjects with impaired fasting glucose and isolated fasting hyperglycemia. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2005;70(1):46\u201352.","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"865_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5107589","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/5107589","volume":"2018","author":"D Aono","year":"2018","unstructured":"Aono D, Oka R, Kometani M, Takeda Y, Karashima S, Yoshimura K, et al. Insulin secretion and risk for future diabetes in subjects with a nonpositive insulinogenic index. J Diabetes Res. 2018;2018:5107589.","journal-title":"J Diabetes Res"},{"issue":"21","key":"865_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2893","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1990.03440210043030","volume":"263","author":"SM Haffner","year":"1990","unstructured":"Haffner SM, Stern MP, Hazuda HP, Mitchell BD, Patterson JK. Cardiovascular risk factors in confirmed prediabetic individuals. Does the clock for coronary heart disease start ticking before the onset of clinical diabetes. JAMA. 1990;263(21):2893\u20138.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"4","key":"865_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9136(199604)13:4<297::AID-DIA82>3.0.CO;2-Q","volume":"13","author":"JD Dean","year":"1996","unstructured":"Dean JD, Durrington PN. Treatment of dyslipoproteinaemia in diabetes mellitus. Diabet Med. 1996;13(4):297\u2013312.","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"865_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1097\/MOL.0b013e328306a057","volume":"19","author":"N Younis","year":"2008","unstructured":"Younis N, Sharma R, Soran H, Charlton-Menys V, Elseweidy M, Durrington PN. Glycation as an atherogenic modification of LDL. Curr Opin Lipidol. 2008;19(4):378\u201384.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Lipidol"},{"issue":"5","key":"865_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.491","volume":"20","author":"AJ Jenkins","year":"2004","unstructured":"Jenkins AJ, Best JD, Klein RL, Lyons TJ. Lipoproteins, glycoxidation and diabetic angiopathy. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2004;20(5):349\u201368.","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"865_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12003","volume":"14","author":"J Choi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Choi J, Joseph L, Pilote L. Obesity and C-reactive protein in various populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev. 2013;14(3):232\u201344.","journal-title":"Obes Rev"}],"container-title":["Diabetology &amp; Metabolic Syndrome"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13098-022-00865-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13098-022-00865-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13098-022-00865-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,6]],"date-time":"2022-07-06T09:23:52Z","timestamp":1657099432000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dmsjournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13098-022-00865-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,6]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["865"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13098-022-00865-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1758-5996"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1758-5996"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 March 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 June 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 July 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the national guidelines. For this type of study formal consent is not required in accordance with the national legislation and the institutional requirements.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"91"}}