{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T14:30:33Z","timestamp":1774794633344,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]],"date-time":"2022-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662508800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]],"date-time":"2022-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662508800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UMINHO\/BD\/53\/2017 from the project NORTE-08-5369-FSE-000041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UMINHO\/BD\/53\/2017 from the project NORTE-08-5369-FSE-000041"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDB\/50026\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/50026\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UIDP\/50026\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/50026\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Res Notes"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Diabetic foot infection (DFI) represents a major healthcare burden, for which treatment is challenging owing to the pathophysiological alterations intrinsic to diabetes and the alarming increase of antimicrobial resistance. Novel therapies targeting DFI are therefore a pressing research need for which proper models of disease are required.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Here, we present an optimized diabetic mouse model of methicillin-resistant <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> (MRSA)-infected wounds, that resemble key features of DFI, such as pathogen invasion through wound bed and surrounding tissue, necrosis, persistent inflammation and impaired wound healing. Thus, in a time-efficient manner and using simple techniques, this model represents a suitable approach for studying emerging therapies targeting DFI caused by MRSA.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-022-06170-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]],"date-time":"2022-09-07T11:05:30Z","timestamp":1662548730000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["An optimized mouse model of Staphylococcus aureus infected diabetic ulcers"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Ana Isabel","family":"MENDES","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Maria Jo\u00e3o","family":"PEIXOTO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Alexandra Pinto","family":"MARQUES","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"PEDROSA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Alexandra Gabriel","family":"FRAGA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"6170_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/s13167-017-0081-y","volume":"8","author":"E Avishai","year":"2017","unstructured":"Avishai E, Yeghiazaryan K, Golubnitschaja O. Impaired wound healing: facts and hypotheses for multi-professional considerations in predictive, preventive and personalised medicine. EPMA J. 2017;8(1):23\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13167-017-0081-y.","journal-title":"EPMA J"},{"issue":"3","key":"6170_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S5","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2019.28.Sup3a.S1","volume":"28","author":"L Atkin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Atkin L, Bucko Z, Montero EC, et al. Implementing TIMERS: the race against hard-to-heal wounds. J Wound Care. 2019;28(3):S5\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12968\/jowc.2019.28.Sup3a.S1.","journal-title":"J Wound Care"},{"issue":"24","key":"6170_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2367","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1615439","volume":"376","author":"DG Armstrong","year":"2017","unstructured":"Armstrong DG, Boulton AJM, Bus SA. Diabetic foot ulcers and their recurrence. N Engl J Med. 2017;376(24):2367\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMra1615439.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"6170_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2019.108615","author":"S Patel","year":"2019","unstructured":"Patel S, Srivastava S, Singh MR, Singh D. Mechanistic insight into diabetic wounds: Pathogenesis, molecular targets and treatment strategies to pace wound healing. Biomed Pharmacother. 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopha.2019.108615.","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"6170_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.2699","volume":"32","author":"BA Lipsky","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lipsky BA, Aragon-Sanchez J, Diggle M, et al. IWGDF guidance on the diagnosis and management of foot infections in persons with diabetes. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2016;32:45\u201374. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dmrr.2699.","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"issue":"12","key":"6170_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-016-0665-z","volume":"16","author":"K Smith","year":"2016","unstructured":"Smith K, Collier A, Townsend EM, et al. One step closer to understanding the role of bacteria in diabetic foot ulcers: characterising the microbiome of ulcers. BMC Microbiol. 2016;16(12):54. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12866-016-0665-z.","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"6170_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-019-03709-6","volume":"39","author":"V Silva","year":"2020","unstructured":"Silva V, Almeida F, Carvalho JA, et al. Emergence of community-acquired methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus EMRSA-15 clone as the predominant cause of diabetic foot ulcer infections in Portugal. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2020;39(1):179\u201386. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10096-019-03709-6.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"6170_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2392","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules23092392","volume":"23","author":"I Negut","year":"2018","unstructured":"Negut I, Grumezescu V, Grumezescu AM. Treatment strategies for infected wounds. Molecules. 2018;23(9):2392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules23092392.","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"6170_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-016-0737-0","author":"C Mottola","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mottola C, Matias CS, Mendes JJ, et al. Susceptibility patterns of Staphylococcus aureus biofilms in diabetic foot infections. BMC Microbiol. 2016. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12866-016-0737-0.","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"6170_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2012.0381","volume":"2","author":"G Zhao","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhao G, Usui ML, Lippman SI, et al. Biofilms and inflammation in chronic wounds. Adv Wound Care. 2013;2(7):389\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/wound.2012.0381.","journal-title":"Adv Wound Care"},{"key":"6170_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0471141755.ph0547s40","author":"KK Wu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wu KK, Huan Y. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic models in mice and rats. Curr Protoc Pharmacol. 2008. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/0471141755.ph0547s40.","journal-title":"Curr Protoc Pharmacol"},{"issue":"5","key":"6170_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.3390\/biology10050372","volume":"10","author":"V Silva","year":"2021","unstructured":"Silva V, Peirone C, Capita R, et al. Topical application of ozonated oils for the treatment of MRSA skin infection in an animal model of infected ulcer. Biology. 2021;10(5):372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biology10050372.","journal-title":"Biology"},{"issue":"9","key":"6170_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-007-0776-3","volume":"299","author":"CM Shi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Shi CM, Nakao H, Yamazaki M, Tsuboi R, Ogawa H. Mixture of sugar and povidone-iodine stimulates healing of MRSA-infected skin ulcers on db\/db mice. Arch Dermatol Res. 2007;299(9):449\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00403-007-0776-3.","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"6170_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.01003-12","volume":"57","author":"Y Guo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Guo Y, Ramos RI, Cho JS, Donegan NP, Cheung AL, Miller LS. In Vivo bioluminescence imaging to evaluate systemic and topical antibiotics against community-acquired methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus-infected skin wounds in mice. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2013;57(2):855\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/aac.01003-12.","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"5","key":"6170_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-475X.2010.00608.x","volume":"18","author":"G Zhao","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zhao G, Hochwalt PC, Usui ML, et al. Delayed wound healing in diabetic (db\/db) mice with Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm challenge: a model for the study of chronic wounds. Wound Repair Regen. 2010;18(5):467\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1524-475X.2010.00608.x.","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regen"},{"issue":"7","key":"6170_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1808","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.33543","volume":"105","author":"H He","year":"2017","unstructured":"He H, Xia DL, Chen YP, et al. Evaluation of a two-stage antibacterial hydrogel dressing for healing in an infected diabetic wound. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2017;105(7):1808\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbm.b.33543.","journal-title":"J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater"},{"issue":"14","key":"6170_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2020.119936","volume":"243","author":"CY Tong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tong CY, Zhong XH, Yang YJ, et al. PB@PDA@Ag nanosystem for synergistically eradicating MRSA and accelerating diabetic wound healing assisted with laser irradiation. Biomaterials. 2020;243(14): 119936. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2020.119936.","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"6170_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3791\/57656","author":"JH Kim","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kim JH, Martins-Green M. Protocol to create chronic wounds in diabetic mice. J Vis Exp. 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3791\/57656.","journal-title":"J Vis Exp"}],"container-title":["BMC Research Notes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13104-022-06170-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13104-022-06170-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13104-022-06170-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]],"date-time":"2022-09-07T23:03:01Z","timestamp":1662591781000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcresnotes.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13104-022-06170-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["6170"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13104-022-06170-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1756-0500"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1756-0500","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 May 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 August 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 September 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Animal experimentation was performed in accordance with the Directive 2010\/63\/EU and approved by Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of University of Minho.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"293"}}