{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T23:04:55Z","timestamp":1775516695329,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,13]],"date-time":"2019-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1552435200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PD\/BD\/113659\/2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PD\/BD\/113659\/2015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Transl Allergy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s13601-019-0258-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,15]],"date-time":"2019-03-15T00:06:28Z","timestamp":1552608388000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Comparison of hypothesis- and data-driven asthma phenotypes in NHANES 2007\u20132012: the importance of comprehensive data availability"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0233-830X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"Amaral","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ana M.","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Tiago","family":"Jacinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Andrei","family":"Malinovschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Christer","family":"Janson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Kjell","family":"Alving","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o A.","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10118","key":"258_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30879-6","volume":"391","author":"ID Pavord","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pavord ID, Beasley R, Agusti A, Anderson GP, Bel E, Brusselle G, et al. After asthma: redefining airways diseases. Lancet. 2018;391(10118):350\u2013400.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"9643","key":"258_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)61421-X","volume":"372","author":"ID Pavord","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pavord ID, Shaw DE, Gibson PG, Taylor DR. Inflammometry to assess airway diseases. Lancet. 2008;372(9643):1017\u20139.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"258_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2015.10.004","volume":"110","author":"KE Wurst","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wurst KE, Kelly-Reif K, Bushnell GA, Pascoe S, Barnes N. Understanding asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap syndrome. Respir Med. 2016;110:1\u201311.","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"258_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69290-8","volume":"368","author":"S Wenzel","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wenzel S. Asthma: defining of the persistent adult phenotypes. Lancet. 2006;368:804\u201313.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"7","key":"258_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/gm259","volume":"3","author":"J Bousquet","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bousquet J, Anto JM, Sterk PJ, Adcock IM, Chung KF, Roca J, et al. Systems medicine and integrated care to combat chronic noncommunicable diseases. Genome Med. 2011;3(7):43.","journal-title":"Genome Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"258_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201304-0694OC","volume":"188","author":"MCF Prosperi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Prosperi MCF, Sahiner UM, Belgrave D, Sackesen C, Buchan IE, Simpson A, et al. Challenges in identifying asthma subgroups using unsupervised statistical learning techniques. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2013;188(11):1303\u201312.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"258_CR7","volume-title":"Data mining: concepts and techniques","author":"J Han","year":"2012","unstructured":"Han J, Kamber M, Pei J. Data mining: concepts and techniques. 3rd ed. Waltham: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers; 2012.","edition":"3"},{"issue":"10","key":"258_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1964","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13496","volume":"73","author":"ACA Yii","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yii ACA, Tay T-R, Choo XN, Koh MSY, Tee AKH, Wang D-Y. Precision medicine in united airways disease: a \u201ctreatable traits\u201d approach. Allergy. 2018;73(10):1964\u201378.","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"issue":"3","key":"258_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200711-1754OC","volume":"178","author":"P Haldar","year":"2008","unstructured":"Haldar P, Pavord ID, Shaw DE, Berry MA, Thomas M, Brightling CE, et al. Cluster analysis and clinical asthma phenotypes. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2008;178(3):218\u201324.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"258_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13670","author":"R Amaral","year":"2018","unstructured":"Amaral R, Bousquet J, Pereira AM, Ara\u00fajo LM, S\u00e1-Sousa A, Jacinto T, et al. Disentangling the heterogeneity of allergic respiratory diseases by latent class analysis reveals novel phenotypes. Allergy. 2018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/all.13670 .","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"issue":"2","key":"258_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.12.940","volume":"139","author":"JM Anto","year":"2017","unstructured":"Anto JM, Bousquet J, Akdis M, Auffray C, Keil T, Momas I, et al. Mechanisms of the Development of Allergy (MeDALL): introducing novel concepts in allergy phenotypes. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017;139(2):388\u201399.","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"258_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200906-0896OC","volume":"181","author":"WC Moore","year":"2010","unstructured":"Moore WC, Meyers DA, Wenzel SE, Teague WG, Li H, Li X, et al. Identification of asthma phenotypes using cluster analysis in the Severe Asthma Research Program. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2010;181(4):315\u201323.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"258_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.11.042","volume":"133","author":"W Wu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wu W, Bleecker E, Moore W, Busse WW, Castro M, Chung KF, et al. Unsupervised phenotyping of Severe Asthma Research Program participants using expanded lung data. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014;133(5):1280\u20138.","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"258_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1797","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2016.08.048","volume":"139","author":"D Lefaudeux","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lefaudeux D, De Meulder B, Loza MJ, Peffer N, Rowe A, Baribaud F, et al. U-BIOPRED clinical adult asthma clusters linked to a subset of sputum omics. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017;139(6):1797\u2013807.","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"258_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12136","volume":"68","author":"M Amelink","year":"2013","unstructured":"Amelink M, de Nijs SB, de Groot JC, van Tilburg PMB, van Spiegel PI, Krouwels FH, et al. Three phenotypes of adult-onset asthma. Allergy. 2013;68(5):674\u201380.","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"258_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.congress-2018.PA4429","author":"R Amaral","year":"2018","unstructured":"Amaral R, Jacinto T, Pereira A, Almeida R, Fonseca J. A comparison of unsupervised methods based on dichotomous data to identify clusters of airways symptoms: latent class analysis and partitioning around medoids methods. Eur Respir J. 2018;. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/13993003.congress-2018.PA4429 .","journal-title":"Eur Respir J."},{"key":"258_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dib.2016.11.007","volume":"9","author":"KR Evenson","year":"2016","unstructured":"Evenson KR, Wen F, Howard AG, Herring AH. Applying latent class assignments for accelerometry data to external populations: data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003\u20132006. Data Br. 2016;9:926\u201330.","journal-title":"Data Br"},{"issue":"1","key":"258_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/s13601-018-0201-3","volume":"8","author":"R Amaral","year":"2018","unstructured":"Amaral R, Fonseca JA, Jacinto T, Pereira AM, Malinovschi A, Janson C, et al. Having concomitant asthma phenotypes is common and independently relates to poor lung function in NHANES 2007\u20132012. Clin Transl Allergy. 2018;8(1):13.","journal-title":"Clin Transl Allergy"},{"issue":"8","key":"258_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200406-710ST","volume":"171","author":"PE Silkoff","year":"2005","unstructured":"Silkoff PE. ATS\/ERS recommendations for standardized procedures for the online and offline measurement of exhaled lower respiratory nitric oxide and nasal nitric oxide, 2005. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005;171(8):912\u201330.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"258_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.05.00034805","volume":"26","author":"MR Miller","year":"2005","unstructured":"Miller MR. Standardisation of spirometry. Eur Respir J. 2005;26(2):319\u201338.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"1","key":"258_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.159.1.9712108","volume":"159","author":"JL Hankinson","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hankinson JL, Odencrantz JR, Fedan KB. Spirometric reference values from a sample of the general U.S. population. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999;159(1):179\u201387.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"258_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.09-0919","volume":"137","author":"JL Hankinson","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hankinson JL, Kawut SM, Shahar E, Smith LJ, Stukovsky KH, Barr RG. Performance of American thoracic society-recommended spirometry reference values in a multiethnic sample of adults. Chest. 2010;137(1):138\u201345.","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"3","key":"258_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200708-1248OC","volume":"177","author":"S Stanojevic","year":"2008","unstructured":"Stanojevic S, Wade A, Stocks J, Hankinson J, Coates AL, Pan H, et al. Reference ranges for spirometry across all ages. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2008;177(3):253\u201360.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"258_CR24","volume-title":"Mplus user\u2019s guide","author":"LK Muth\u00e9n","year":"2012","unstructured":"Muth\u00e9n LK, Muth\u00e9n BO. Mplus user\u2019s guide. 7th ed. Los Angeles: Muth\u00e9n & Muth\u00e9n; 2012.","edition":"7"},{"key":"258_CR25","unstructured":"Specifying weightning parameters. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/tutorials\/nhanes\/SurveyDesign\/Weighting\/intro.htm . Accessed 9 Dec 2018."},{"issue":"2","key":"258_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00120810","volume":"38","author":"V Siroux","year":"2011","unstructured":"Siroux V, Basaga\u00f1a X, Boudier A, Pin I, Garcia-Aymerich J, Vesin A, et al. Identifying adult asthma phenotypes using a clustering approach. Eur Respir J. 2011;38(2):310\u20137.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"1","key":"258_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-017-0508-y","volume":"18","author":"EMS M\u00e4kikyr\u00f6","year":"2017","unstructured":"M\u00e4kikyr\u00f6 EMS, Jaakkola MS, Jaakkola JJK. Subtypes of asthma based on asthma control and severity: a latent class analysis. Respir Res. 2017;18(1):24.","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"258_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2012.03.046","volume":"130","author":"A Patelis","year":"2012","unstructured":"Patelis A, Gunnbj\u00f6rnsdottir M, Malinovschi A, Matsson P, \u00d6nell A, H\u00f6gman M, et al. Population-based study of multiplexed IgE sensitization in relation to asthma, exhaled nitric oxide, and bronchial responsiveness. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012;130(2):397\u2013402.e2.","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol."},{"issue":"11","key":"258_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1753","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13181","volume":"72","author":"A James","year":"2017","unstructured":"James A, Janson C, Malinovschi A, Holweg C, Alving K, Ono J, et al. Serum periostin relates to type-2 inflammation and lung function in asthma: data from the large population-based cohort Swedish GA(2)LEN. Allergy. 2017;72(11):1753\u201360.","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"issue":"4","key":"258_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2018.07.029","volume":"121","author":"TF Carr","year":"2018","unstructured":"Carr TF, Kraft M. Use of biomarkers to identify phenotypes and endotypes of severe asthma. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2018;121(4):414\u201320.","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"258_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2018.08.008","volume":"7","author":"H-P Hsiao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hsiao H-P, Lin M-C, Wu C-C, Wang C-C, Wang T-N. Sex-specific asthma phenotypes, inflammatory patterns, and asthma control in a cluster analysis. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2019;7(2):556\u2013567.e15.","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"issue":"3","key":"258_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.10.006","volume":"6","author":"MP Send\u00edn-Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2018","unstructured":"Send\u00edn-Hern\u00e1ndez MP, \u00c1vila-Zarza C, Sanz C, Garc\u00eda-S\u00e1nchez A, Marcos-Vadillo E, Mu\u00f1oz-Bellido FJ, et al. Cluster analysis identifies 3 phenotypes within allergic asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2018;6(3):955\u2013961.e1.","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract."},{"key":"258_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00080312","volume":"40","author":"P Quanjer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Quanjer P, Stanojevic S. Multi-ethnic reference values for spirometry for the 3\u201395-yr age range: the global lung function 2012 equations. Eur Respir J. 2012;40:1324\u201343.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"5","key":"258_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1620","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00093.2018","volume":"125","author":"T Jacinto","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jacinto T, Amaral R, Malinovschi A, Janson C, Fonseca J, Alving K. Exhaled NO reference limits in a large population-based sample using the Lambda-Mu-Sigma method. J Appl Physiol. 2018;125(5):1620\u20136.","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"258_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201307-1198OC","volume":"189","author":"M Depner","year":"2014","unstructured":"Depner M, Fuchs O, Genuneit J, Karvonen AM, Hyv\u00e4rinen A, Kaulek V, et al. Clinical and epidemiologic phenotypes of childhood asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2014;189(2):129\u201338.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"258_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.22766","volume":"48","author":"SA Collins","year":"2013","unstructured":"Collins SA, Pike KC, Inskip HM, Godfrey KM, Roberts G, Holloway JW, et al. Validation of novel wheeze phenotypes using longitudinal airway function and atopic sensitization data in the first 6\u00a0years of life: evidence from the Southampton Women\u2019s survey. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013;48(7):683\u201392.","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"issue":"11","key":"258_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2007.093187","volume":"63","author":"J Henderson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Henderson J, Granell R, Heron J, Sherriff A, Simpson A, Woodcock A, et al. Associations of wheezing phenotypes in the first 6\u00a0years of life with atopy, lung function and airway responsiveness in mid-childhood. Thorax. 2008;63(11):974\u201380.","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"258_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/2045-7022-4-24","volume":"4","author":"A S\u00e1-Sousa","year":"2014","unstructured":"S\u00e1-Sousa A, Jacinto T, Azevedo LF, Morais-Almeida M, Robalo-Cordeiro C, Bugalho-Almeida A, et al. Operational definitions of asthma in recent epidemiological studies are inconsistent. Clin Transl Allergy. 2014;4:24.","journal-title":"Clin Transl Allergy"},{"issue":"1","key":"258_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1177\/1479972314562409","volume":"12","author":"CN Halldin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Halldin CN, Doney BC, Hnizdo E. Changes in prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma in the US population and associated risk factors. Chron Respir Dis. 2015;12(1):47\u201360.","journal-title":"Chron Respir Dis"},{"key":"258_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118356258","volume-title":"Structural equation modeling: applications using Mplus","author":"J Wang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wang J, Wang X. Structural equation modeling: applications using Mplus. West Sussex: Wiley; 2012."},{"issue":"8","key":"258_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1622","DOI":"10.1111\/all.13448","volume":"73","author":"J Bousquet","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bousquet J, Devillier P, Anto JM, Bewick M, Haahtela T, Arnavielhe S, et al. Daily allergic multimorbidity in rhinitis using mobile technology: a novel concept of the MASK study. Allergy. 2018;73(8):1622\u201331.","journal-title":"Allergy"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Translational Allergy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13601-019-0258-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13601-019-0258-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13601-019-0258-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]],"date-time":"2022-09-13T20:57:48Z","timestamp":1663102668000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ctajournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13601-019-0258-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,13]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["258"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13601-019-0258-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-7022"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-7022","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 January 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 March 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 March 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"17"}}