{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T10:40:33Z","timestamp":1774867233220,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,12]],"date-time":"2020-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,12]],"date-time":"2020-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581465600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SCHU 1603\/4-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SCHU 1603\/4-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["7-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FA241\/16-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FA241\/16-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["grant FOR2107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["grant FOR2107"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RI 908\/11-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RI 908\/11-2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["grant FOR2107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["grant FOR2107"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NO 246\/10-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NO 246\/10-2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01ZX1614K"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01ZX1614K"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01ZX1614G"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01ZX1614G"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01ZX1614A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01ZX1614A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01EE1404H"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01EE1404H"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Dr. Lisa Oehler Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009670","name":"National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009670","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"BONFOR Programme of the University of Bonn, Germany"},{"name":"Il\u00eddio Pinho professorship and iBiMED at the University of Aveiro","award":["UID\/BIM\/04501\/2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/BIM\/04501\/2013"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Bipolar Disord"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Stressful life events influence the course of affective disorders, however, the mechanisms by which they bring about phenotypic change are not entirely known.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We explored the role of DNA methylation in response to recent stressful life events in a cohort of bipolar patients from the longitudinal PsyCourse study (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200996). Peripheral blood DNA methylomes were profiled at two time points for over 850,000 methylation sites. The association between impact ratings of stressful life events and DNA methylation was assessed, first by interrogating methylation sites in the vicinity of candidate genes previously implicated in the stress response and, second, by conducting an exploratory epigenome-wide association analysis. Third, the association between epigenetic aging and change in stress and symptom measures over time was investigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Investigation of methylation signatures over time revealed just over half of the CpG sites tested had an absolute difference in methylation of at least 1% over a 1-year period. Although not a single CpG site withstood correction for multiple testing, methylation at one site (cg15212455) was suggestively associated with stressful life events (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20091.0\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22125<\/jats:sup>). Epigenetic aging over a 1-year period was not associated with changes in stress or symptom measures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>To the best of our knowledge, our study is the first to investigate epigenome-wide methylation across time in bipolar patients and in relation to recent, non-traumatic stressful life events. Limited and inconclusive evidence warrants future longitudinal investigations in larger samples of well-characterized bipolar patients to give a complete picture regarding the role of DNA methylation in the course of bipolar disorder.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40345-019-0176-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,12]],"date-time":"2020-02-12T00:06:55Z","timestamp":1581466015000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["The role of environmental stress and DNA methylation in the longitudinal course of bipolar disorder"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6745-9834","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashley L.","family":"Comes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Darina","family":"Czamara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Kristina","family":"Adorjan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Heike","family":"Anderson-Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Till F. M.","family":"Andlauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Budde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Katrin","family":"Gade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Hake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Janos L.","family":"Kalman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sergi","family":"Papiol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Reich-Erkelenz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Farah","family":"Kl\u00f6hn-Saghatolislam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sabrina K.","family":"Schaupp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Eva C.","family":"Schulte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Fanny","family":"Senner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Georg","family":"Juckel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Max","family":"Schmau\u00df","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg","family":"Zimmermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Reimer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Reininghaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ion-George","family":"Anghelescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Carsten","family":"Konrad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Thiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Figge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Martin","family":"von Hagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Manfred","family":"Koller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Detlef E.","family":"Dietrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Stierl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Harald","family":"Scherk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Stephanie H.","family":"Witt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sugirthan","family":"Sivalingam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Franziska","family":"Degenhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Andreas J.","family":"Forstner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Marcella","family":"Rietschel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Markus M.","family":"N\u00f6then","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Wiltfang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Falkai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Thomas G.","family":"Schulze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Urs","family":"Heilbronner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"176_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/s40345-015-0042-0","volume":"4","author":"M Aas","year":"2016","unstructured":"Aas M, Henry C, Andreassen OA, Bellivier F, Melle I, Etain B. The role of childhood trauma in bipolar disorders. Int J Bipolar Disord. 2016;4:2.","journal-title":"Int J Bipolar Disord."},{"issue":"9","key":"176_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e45813","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0045813","volume":"7","author":"JS Alasaari","year":"2012","unstructured":"Alasaari JS, Lagus M, Ollila HM, Toivola A, Kivim\u00e4ki M, Vahtera J, et al. Environmental stress affects DNA methylation of a CpG rich promoter region of serotonin transporter gene in a nurse cohort. PLoS ONE. 2012;7(9):e45813.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"176_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.12433","volume":"71","author":"F Aldinger","year":"2017","unstructured":"Aldinger F, Schulze TG. Environmental factors, life events, and trauma in the course of bipolar disorder. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2017;71(1):6\u201317.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"8","key":"176_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2005.06.006","volume":"25","author":"LB Alloy","year":"2005","unstructured":"Alloy LB, Abramson LY, Urosevic S, Walshaw PD, Nusslock R, Neeren AM. The psychosocial context of bipolar disorder: environmental, cognitive, and developmental risk factors. Clin Psychol Rev. 2005;25(8):1043\u201375.","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev."},{"key":"176_CR5","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2002","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2002.","edition":"4"},{"issue":"20","key":"176_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4072","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddq307","volume":"19","author":"R Anney","year":"2010","unstructured":"Anney R, Klei L, Pinto D, Regan R, Conroy J, Magalhaes TR, et al. A genome-wide scan for common alleles affecting risk for autism. Hum Mol Genet. 2010;19(20):4072\u201382.","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"issue":"10","key":"176_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu049","volume":"30","author":"MJ Aryee","year":"2014","unstructured":"Aryee MJ, Jaffe AE, Corrada-Bravo H, Ladd-Acosta C, Feinberg AP, Hansen KD, et al. Minfi: a flexible and comprehensive bioconductor package for the analysis of infinium DNA methylation microarrays. Bioinformatics. 2014;30(10):1363\u20139.","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"1","key":"176_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01","volume":"67","author":"D Bates","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bates D, Maechler M, Bolker B, Walker S. Fitting linear mixed-effects models using lme4. J Stat Softw. 2015;67(1):1\u201348.","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"issue":"3","key":"176_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2011.01.004","volume":"31","author":"RE Bender","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bender RE, Alloy LB. Life stress and kindling in bipolar disorder: review of the evidence and integration with emerging biopsychosocial theories. Clin Psychol Rev. 2011;31(3):383\u201398.","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"176_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x","volume":"57","author":"Y Benjamini","year":"1995","unstructured":"Benjamini Y, Hochberg Y. Controlling the false discovery rate: a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing. J R Stat Soc B. 1995;57(1):289\u2013300.","journal-title":"J R Stat Soc B"},{"issue":"3","key":"176_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199703000-00012","volume":"36","author":"DP Bernstein","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bernstein DP, Ahluvalia T, Pogge D, Handelsman L. Validity of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire in an adolescent psychiatric population. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1997;36(3):340\u20138.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"176_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145-2134(02)00541-0","volume":"27","author":"DP Bernstein","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bernstein DP, Stein JA, Newcomb MD, Walker E, Pogge D, Ahluvalia T, et al. Development and validation of a brief screening version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Child Abuse Negl. 2003;27(2):169\u201390.","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl"},{"key":"176_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2014.07.011","volume":"51","author":"MP Boks","year":"2015","unstructured":"Boks MP, van Mierlo HC, Rutten BP, Radstake TR, De Witte L, Geuze E, et al. Longitudinal changes of telomere length and epigenetic age related to traumatic stress and post-traumatic stress disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2015;51:506\u201312.","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology."},{"key":"176_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203714911","volume-title":"Social origins of depression: a study of psychiatric disorder in women","author":"GW Brown","year":"2012","unstructured":"Brown GW, Harris T. Social origins of depression: a study of psychiatric disorder in women. New York: Routledge; 2012."},{"issue":"2","key":"176_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.32639","volume":"180","author":"M Budde","year":"2019","unstructured":"Budde M, Anderson-Schmidt H, Gade K, Reich-Erkelenz D, Adorjan K, Kalman JL, et al. A longitudinal approach to biological psychiatric research: the PsyCourse study. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2019;180(2):89\u2013102.","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet."},{"issue":"6","key":"176_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e39220","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0039220","volume":"7","author":"HM Byun","year":"2012","unstructured":"Byun HM, Nordio F, Coull BA, Tarantini L, Hou L, Bonzini M, et al. Temporal stability of epigenetic markers: sequence characteristics and predictors of short-term DNA methylation variations. PLoS ONE. 2012;7(6):e39220.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"2","key":"176_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.4161\/epi.23470","volume":"8","author":"YA Chen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chen YA, Lemire M, Choufani S, Butcher DT, Grafodatskaya D, Zanke BW, et al. Discovery of cross-reactive probes and polymorphic CpGs in the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 microarray. Epigenetics. 2013;8(2):203\u20139.","journal-title":"Epigenetics."},{"issue":"1","key":"176_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2098","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-04362-x","volume":"9","author":"G Davies","year":"2018","unstructured":"Davies G, Lam M, Harris SE, Trampush JW, Luciano M, Hill WD, et al. Study of 300,486 individuals identifies 148 independent genetic loci influencing general cognitive function. Nat Commun. 2018;9(1):2098.","journal-title":"Nat Commun."},{"issue":"2","key":"176_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/s12207-010-9072-1","volume":"3","author":"BP Dohrenwend","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dohrenwend BP. Toward a typology of high-risk major stressful events and situations in posttraumatic stress disorder and related psychopathology. Psychol Inj Law. 2010;3(2):89\u201399.","journal-title":"Psychol Inj Law."},{"issue":"1","key":"176_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/s40345-019-0152-1","volume":"7","author":"A Duffy","year":"2019","unstructured":"Duffy A, Goodday SM, Keown-Stoneman C, Scotti M, Maitra M, Nagy C, et al. Epigenetic markers in inflammation-related genes associated with mood disorder: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study in high-risk offspring of bipolar parents. Int J Bipolar Disord. 2019;7(1):17.","journal-title":"Int J Bipolar Disord."},{"key":"176_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/s13587-015-0017-x","volume":"5","author":"EA Duman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Duman EA, Canli T. Influence of life stress, 5-HTTLPR genotype, and SLC6A4 methylation on gene expression and stress response in healthy Caucasian males. Biol Mood Anxiety Disord. 2015;5:2.","journal-title":"Biol Mood Anxiety Disord."},{"issue":"1","key":"176_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/1868-7083-6-4","volume":"6","author":"HR Elliott","year":"2014","unstructured":"Elliott HR, Tillin T, McArdle WL, Ho K, Duggirala A, Frayling TM, et al. Differences in smoking associated DNA methylation patterns in South Asians and Europeans. Clin Epigenet. 2014;6(1):4.","journal-title":"Clin Epigenet"},{"issue":"6","key":"176_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1976.01770060086012","volume":"33","author":"J Endicott","year":"1976","unstructured":"Endicott J, Spitzer RL, Fleiss JL, Cohen J. The Global Assessment Scale: a procedure for measuring overall severity of psychiatric disturbance. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1976;33(6):766\u201371.","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"176_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-014-0503-2","volume":"15","author":"J-P Fortin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fortin J-P, Labbe A, Lemire M, Zanke BW, Hudson TJ, Fertig EJ, et al. Functional normalization of 450k methylation array data improves replication in large cancer studies. Genome Biol. 2014;15(11):503.","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"176_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2016.06.010","volume":"68","author":"GR Fries","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fries GR, Li Q, McAlpin B, Rein T, Walss-Bass C, Soares JC, et al. The role of DNA methylation in the pathophysiology and treatment of bipolar disorder. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2016;68:474\u201388.","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"issue":"15","key":"176_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btt311","volume":"29","author":"P Geeleher","year":"2013","unstructured":"Geeleher P, Hartnett L, Egan LJ, Golden A, Raja Ali RA, Seoighe C. Gene-set analysis is severely biased when applied to genome-wide methylation data. Bioinformatics. 2013;29(15):1851\u20137.","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"4","key":"176_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1343116","volume":"40","author":"H Glaesmer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Glaesmer H, Schulz A, Hauser W, Freyberger HJ, Brahler E, Grabe HJ. The childhood trauma screener (CTS)\u2014development and validation of cut-off-scores for classificatory diagnostics. Psychiatr Prax. 2013;40(4):220\u20136.","journal-title":"Psychiatr Prax"},{"issue":"8","key":"176_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.32349","volume":"168","author":"FS Goes","year":"2015","unstructured":"Goes FS, McGrath J, Avramopoulos D, Wolyniec P, Pirooznia M, Ruczinski I, et al. Genome-wide association study of schizophrenia in Ashkenazi Jews. Am J Med Genet Part B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2015;168(8):649\u201359.","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet Part B Neuropsychiatr Genet."},{"key":"176_CR29","volume-title":"Manic-depressive illness: bipolar disorders and recurrent depression","author":"FK Goodwin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Goodwin FK, Jamison KR. Manic-depressive illness: bipolar disorders and recurrent depression. 2nd ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 2007.","edition":"2"},{"issue":"03","key":"176_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1298984","volume":"39","author":"HJ Grabe","year":"2012","unstructured":"Grabe HJ, Schulz A, Schmidt CO, Appel K, Driessen M, Wingenfeld K, et al. Ein Screeninginstrument f\u00fcr Missbrauch und Vernachl\u00e4ssigung in der Kindheit: der Childhood Trauma Screener (CTS). Psychiatr Prax. 2012;39(03):109\u201315.","journal-title":"Psychiatr Prax"},{"key":"176_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2018.00743","volume":"9","author":"Y He","year":"2018","unstructured":"He Y, Vinkers CH, Houtepen LC, de Witte LD, Boks MP. Childhood adversity is associated with increased KITLG methylation in healthy individuals but not in bipolar disorder patients. Front Psychiatry. 2018;9:743.","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry."},{"issue":"2","key":"176_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-017-0001-5","volume":"24","author":"WD Hill","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hill WD, Marioni RE, Maghzian O, Ritchie SJ, Hagenaars SP, McIntosh AM, et al. A combined analysis of genetically correlated traits identifies 187 loci and a role for neurogenesis and myelination in intelligence. Mol Psychiatry. 2018;24(2):169\u201381.","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry."},{"key":"176_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.185.2.97","volume":"185","author":"MH Hillegers","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hillegers MH, Burger H, Wals M, Reichart CG, Verhulst FC, Nolen WA, et al. Impact of stressful life events, familial loading and their interaction on the onset of mood disorders: study in a high-risk cohort of adolescent offspring of parents with bipolar disorder. Br J Psychiatry. 2004;185:97\u2013101.","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"176_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R115","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2013-14-10-r115","volume":"14","author":"S Horvath","year":"2013","unstructured":"Horvath S. DNA methylation age of human tissues and cell types. Genome Biol. 2013;14(10):R115.","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"176_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-13-86","volume":"13","author":"EA Houseman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Houseman EA, Accomando WP, Koestler DC, Christensen BC, Marsit CJ, Nelson HH, et al. DNA methylation arrays as surrogate measures of cell mixture distribution. BMC Bioinform. 2012;13:86.","journal-title":"BMC Bioinform"},{"issue":"1","key":"176_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharep.2018.10.004","volume":"71","author":"P Jaworska-Andryszewska","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jaworska-Andryszewska P, Rybakowski JK. Childhood trauma in mood disorders: neurobiological mechanisms and implications for treatment. Pharmacol Rep. 2019;71(1):112\u201320.","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rep."},{"issue":"8","key":"176_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2005.06.004","volume":"25","author":"SL Johnson","year":"2005","unstructured":"Johnson SL. Life events in bipolar disorder: towards more specific models. Clin Psychol Rev. 2005;25(8):1008\u201327.","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"176_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1093\/biostatistics\/kxj037","volume":"8","author":"WE Johnson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Johnson WE, Li C, Rabinovic A. Adjusting batch effects in microarray expression data using empirical Bayes methods. Biostatistics. 2007;8(1):118\u201327.","journal-title":"Biostatistics."},{"issue":"2","key":"176_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/13.2.261","volume":"13","author":"SR Kay","year":"1987","unstructured":"Kay SR, Fiszbein A, Opler LA. The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 1987;13(2):261\u201376.","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"176_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s40345-015-0022-4","volume":"3","author":"SM Kemner","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kemner SM, van Haren NE, Bootsman F, Eijkemans MJ, Vonk R, van der Schot AC, et al. The influence of life events on first and recurrent admissions in bipolar disorder. Int J Bipolar Disord. 2015;3:6.","journal-title":"Int J Bipolar Disord."},{"key":"176_CR41","first-page":"114","volume":"3","author":"F Kobeissy","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kobeissy F, Alawieh A, Mondello S, Boustany RM, Gold MS. Biomarkers in psychiatry: how close are we? Front Psychiatry. 2012;3:114.","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry."},{"issue":"1","key":"176_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-019-0383-z","volume":"9","author":"H Koshimizu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Koshimizu H, Nogawa S, Asano S, Ikeda M, Iwata N, Takahashi S, et al. Genome-wide association study identifies a novel locus associated with psychological distress in the Japanese population. Transl Psychiatry. 2019;9(1):52.","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry."},{"issue":"4","key":"176_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.12634","volume":"72","author":"L Kular","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kular L, Kular S. Epigenetics applied to psychiatry: clinical opportunities and future challenges. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2018;72(4):195\u2013211.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"176_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-9-559","volume":"9","author":"P Langfelder","year":"2008","unstructured":"Langfelder P, Horvath S. WGCNA: an R package for weighted correlation network analysis. BMC Bioinform. 2008;9(1):559.","journal-title":"BMC Bioinform"},{"key":"176_CR45","first-page":"132","volume":"4","author":"KWK Lee","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lee KWK, Pausova Z. Cigarette smoking and DNA methylation. Front Genet. 2013;4:132.","journal-title":"Front Genet."},{"issue":"8","key":"176_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-018-0147-3","volume":"50","author":"JJ Lee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lee JJ, Wedow R, Okbay A, Kong E, Maghzian O, Zacher M, et al. Gene discovery and polygenic prediction from a genome-wide association study of educational attainment in 1.1 million individuals. Nat Genet. 2018;50(8):1112\u201321.","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"176_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.08.057","volume":"208","author":"C Lex","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lex C, Bazner E, Meyer TD. Does stress play a significant role in bipolar disorder? A meta-analysis. J Affect Disord. 2017;208:298\u2013308.","journal-title":"J Affect Disord."},{"key":"176_CR48","first-page":"201587","volume":"2015","author":"Y Li","year":"2015","unstructured":"Li Y, Camarillo C, Xu J, Arana TB, Xiao Y, Zhao Z, et al. Genome-wide methylome analyses reveal novel epigenetic regulation patterns in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:201587.","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"176_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1962.01720060019002","volume":"7","author":"L Luborsky","year":"1962","unstructured":"Luborsky L. Clinicians\u2019 judgments of mental health: a proposed scale. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1962;7(6):407\u201317.","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"176_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2016.123","volume":"21","author":"B Ludwig","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ludwig B, Dwivedi Y. Dissecting bipolar disorder complexity through epigenomic approach. Mol Psychiatry. 2016;21(11):1490\u20138.","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry."},{"issue":"3","key":"176_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1600.e1\u2013e4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2014.12.023","volume":"36","author":"K Lunnon","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lunnon K, Smith RG, Cooper I, Greenbaum L, Mill J, Beeri MS. Blood methylomic signatures of presymptomatic dementia in elderly subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Neurobiol Aging. 2015;36(3):1600.e1\u2013e4.","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"issue":"1","key":"176_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-019-5761-7","volume":"20","author":"G Mansell","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mansell G, Gorrie-Stone TJ, Bao Y, Kumari M, Schalkwyk LS, Mill J, et al. Guidance for DNA methylation studies: statistical insights from the Illumina EPIC array. BMC Genomics. 2019;20(1):366.","journal-title":"BMC Genomics."},{"issue":"6","key":"176_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2017.17060693","volume":"175","author":"SJ Marzi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Marzi SJ, Sugden K, Arseneault L, Belsky DW, Burrage J, Corcoran DL, et al. Analysis of DNA methylation in young people: limited evidence for an association between victimization stress and epigenetic variation in blood. Am J Psychiatry. 2018;175(6):517\u201329.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"176_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2470547017710764","author":"N Matosin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Matosin N, Cruceanu C, Binder EB. Preclinical and clinical evidence of DNA methylation changes in response to trauma and chronic stress. Chronic Stress. 2017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2470547017710764.","journal-title":"Chronic Stress."},{"issue":"3","key":"176_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2270","volume":"12","author":"PO McGowan","year":"2009","unstructured":"McGowan PO, Sasaki A, D\u2019Alessio AC, Dymov S, Labonte B, Szyf M, et al. Epigenetic regulation of the glucocorticoid receptor in human brain associates with childhood abuse. Nat Neurosci. 2009;12(3):342\u20138.","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"issue":"4","key":"176_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rpsm.2017.04.003","volume":"10","author":"JJ Meana","year":"2017","unstructured":"Meana JJ, Mollinedo-Gajate I. Biomarkers in psychiatry: between myth and clinical reality. Revista de Psiquiatr\u00eda y Salud Mental. 2017;10(4):183\u20134 (English Edition).","journal-title":"Revista de Psiquiatr\u00eda y Salud Mental"},{"issue":"5","key":"176_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12778","volume":"136","author":"D Mehta","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mehta D, Bruenig D, Carrillo-Roa T, Lawford B, Harvey W, Morris CP, et al. Genomewide DNA methylation analysis in combat veterans reveals a novel locus for PTSD. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2017;136(5):493\u2013505.","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"issue":"4","key":"176_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579412000764","volume":"24","author":"C Monk","year":"2012","unstructured":"Monk C, Spicer J, Champagne FA. Linking prenatal maternal adversity to developmental outcomes in infants: the role of epigenetic pathways. Dev Psychopathol. 2012;24(4):1361\u201376.","journal-title":"Dev Psychopathol"},{"key":"176_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.clinpsy.4.022007.141207","volume":"4","author":"SM Monroe","year":"2008","unstructured":"Monroe SM. Modern approaches to conceptualizing and measuring human life stress. Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2008;4:33\u201352.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Clin Psychol."},{"issue":"8","key":"176_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2019.18080957","volume":"176","author":"N Mullins","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mullins N, Bigdeli TB, Borglum AD, Coleman JRI, Demontis D, Mehta D, et al. GWAS of suicide attempt in psychiatric disorders and association with major depression polygenic risk scores. Am J Psychiatry. 2019;176(8):651\u201360.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"176_CR61","first-page":"201","volume":"2","author":"K Myaki","year":"2015","unstructured":"Myaki K, Suzuki T, Song Y, Tsutsumi A, Kawakami N, Takahashi M, et al. Epigenetic changes caused by occupational stress in humans revealed through noninvasive assessment of DNA methylation of the tyrosine hydroxylase gene. J Neurol Neurol Disord. 2015;2(2):201.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurol Disord."},{"issue":"1","key":"176_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-03242-8","volume":"9","author":"M Nagel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nagel M, Watanabe K, Stringer S, Posthuma D, van der Sluis S. Item-level analyses reveal genetic heterogeneity in neuroticism. Nat Commun. 2018;9(1):905.","journal-title":"Nat Commun."},{"issue":"23","key":"176_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4650","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddp413","volume":"18","author":"AC Need","year":"2009","unstructured":"Need AC, Attix DK, McEvoy JM, Cirulli ET, Linney KL, Hunt P, et al. A genome-wide study of common SNPs and CNVs in cognitive performance in the CANTAB. Hum Mol Genet. 2009;18(23):4650\u201361.","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"176_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1002\/nur.4770070110","volume":"7","author":"JS Norbeck","year":"1984","unstructured":"Norbeck JS. Modification of life event questionnaires for use with female respondents. Res Nurs Health. 1984;7(1):61\u201371.","journal-title":"Res Nurs Health"},{"issue":"7604","key":"176_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1038\/nature17671","volume":"533","author":"A Okbay","year":"2016","unstructured":"Okbay A, Beauchamp JP, Fontana MA, Lee JJ, Pers TH, Rietveld CA, et al. Genome-wide association study identifies 74 loci associated with educational attainment. Nature. 2016;533(7604):539\u201342.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"s418","key":"176_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0447.108.s418.13.x","volume":"108","author":"ES Paykel","year":"2003","unstructured":"Paykel ES. Life events and affective disorders. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2003;108(s418):61\u20136.","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"issue":"3","key":"176_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-014-0831-2","volume":"49","author":"E Pishva","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pishva E, Kenis G, van den Hove D, Lesch KP, Boks MP, van Os J, et al. The epigenome and postnatal environmental influences in psychotic disorders. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2014;49(3):337\u201348.","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"key":"176_CR68","unstructured":"R Core Team. R: a language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2014. https:\/\/www.R-project.org\/."},{"issue":"1","key":"176_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-019-0407-8","volume":"9","author":"S Roberts","year":"2019","unstructured":"Roberts S, Suderman M, Zammit S, Watkins SH, Hannon E, Mill J, et al. Longitudinal investigation of DNA methylation changes preceding adolescent psychotic experiences. Transl Psychiatry. 2019;9(1):69.","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry."},{"issue":"9","key":"176_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1177\/2045125318769235","volume":"8","author":"TA Rowland","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rowland TA, Marwaha S. Epidemiology and risk factors for bipolar disorder. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol. 2018;8(9):251\u201369.","journal-title":"Ther Adv Psychopharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"176_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.4103\/IJPSYM.IJPSYM_113_18","volume":"41","author":"SP Sam","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sam SP, Nisha A, Varghese PJ. Stressful life events and relapse in bipolar affective disorder: a cross-sectional study from a tertiary care center of southern India. Indian J Psychol Med. 2019;41(1):61\u20137.","journal-title":"Indian J Psychol Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"176_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.46.5.932","volume":"46","author":"IG Sarason","year":"1978","unstructured":"Sarason IG, Johnson JH, Siegel JM. Assessing the impact of life changes: development of the Life Experiences Survey. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1978;46(5):932\u201346.","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol"},{"key":"176_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-psych-122414-033408","volume":"67","author":"S Sharma","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sharma S, Powers A, Bradley B, Ressler KJ. Gene\u2009\u00d7\u2009environment determinants of stress- and anxiety-related disorders. Annu Rev Psychol. 2016;67:239\u201361.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Psychol"},{"issue":"5","key":"176_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/dds488","volume":"22","author":"NS Shenker","year":"2013","unstructured":"Shenker NS, Polidoro S, van Veldhoven K, Sacerdote C, Ricceri F, Birrell MA, et al. Epigenome-wide association study in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-Turin) identifies novel genetic loci associated with smoking. Hum Mol Genet. 2013;22(5):843\u201351.","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"issue":"6","key":"176_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.31212","volume":"156b","author":"AK Smith","year":"2011","unstructured":"Smith AK, Conneely KN, Kilaru V, Mercer KB, Weiss TE, Bradley B, et al. Differential immune system DNA methylation and cytokine regulation in post-traumatic stress disorder. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2011;156b(6):700\u20138.","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet"},{"issue":"4","key":"176_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.32238","volume":"165b","author":"Y Song","year":"2014","unstructured":"Song Y, Miyaki K, Suzuki T, Sasaki Y, Tsutsumi A, Kawakami N, et al. Altered DNA methylation status of human brain derived neurotrophis factor gene could be useful as biomarker of depression. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2014;165b(4):357\u201364.","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet."},{"issue":"5","key":"176_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-019-0397-8","volume":"51","author":"EA Stahl","year":"2019","unstructured":"Stahl EA, Breen G, Forstner AJ, McQuillin A, Ripke S, Trubetskoy V, et al. Genome-wide association study identifies 30 loci associated with bipolar disorder. Nat Genet. 2019;51(5):793\u2013803.","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"9","key":"176_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3135","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.09-150490","volume":"24","author":"RP Talens","year":"2010","unstructured":"Talens RP, Boomsma DI, Tobi EW, Kremer D, Jukema JW, Willemsen G, et al. Variation, patterns, and temporal stability of DNA methylation: considerations for epigenetic epidemiology. FASEB J. 2010;24(9):3135\u201344.","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"issue":"2","key":"176_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts680","volume":"29","author":"AE Teschendorff","year":"2013","unstructured":"Teschendorff AE, Marabita F, Lechner M, Bartlett T, Tegner J, Gomez-Cabrero D, et al. A beta-mixture quantile normalization method for correcting probe design bias in Illumina Infinium 450k DNA methylation data. Bioinformatics. 2013;29(2):189\u201396.","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"1","key":"176_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291703001107","volume":"34","author":"MH Trivedi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Trivedi MH, Rush AJ, Ibrahim HM, Carmody TJ, Biggs MM, Suppes T, et al. The Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, Clinician Rating (IDS-C) and Self-Report (IDS-SR), and the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, Clinician Rating (QIDS-C) and Self-Report (QIDS-SR) in public sector patients with mood disorders: a psychometric evaluation. Psychol Med. 2004;34(1):73\u201382.","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"issue":"20","key":"176_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9470","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0910794107","volume":"107","author":"M Uddin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Uddin M, Aiello AE, Wildman DE, Koenen KC, Pawelec G, de Los Santos R, et al. Epigenetic and immune function profiles associated with posttraumatic stress disorder. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2010;107(20):9470\u20135.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"issue":"4","key":"176_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.2217\/epi.15.11","volume":"7","author":"CH Vinkers","year":"2015","unstructured":"Vinkers CH, Kalafateli AL, Rutten BP, Kas MJ, Kaminsky Z, Turner JD, et al. Traumatic stress and human DNA methylation: a critical review. Epigenomics. 2015;7(4):593\u2013608.","journal-title":"Epigenomics."},{"issue":"5","key":"176_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1111\/bdi.12415","volume":"18","author":"RM Walker","year":"2016","unstructured":"Walker RM, Sussmann JE, Whalley HC, Ryan NM, Porteous DJ, McIntosh AM, et al. Preliminary assessment of pre-morbid DNA methylation in individuals at high genetic risk of mood disorders. Bipolar Disord. 2016;18(5):410\u201322.","journal-title":"Bipolar Disord"},{"issue":"8","key":"176_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1276","volume":"7","author":"IC Weaver","year":"2004","unstructured":"Weaver IC, Cervoni N, Champagne FA, D\u2019Alessio AC, Sharma S, Seckl JR, et al. Epigenetic programming by maternal behavior. Nat Neurosci. 2004;7(8):847\u201354.","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"176_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.133.5.429","volume":"133","author":"RC Young","year":"1978","unstructured":"Young RC, Biggs JT, Ziegler VE, Meyer DA. A rating scale for mania: reliability, validity and sensitivity. Br J Psychiatry. 1978;133:429\u201335.","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"176_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e63812","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0063812","volume":"8","author":"S Zeilinger","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zeilinger S, K\u00fchnel B, Klopp N, Baurecht H, Kleinschmidt A, Gieger C, et al. Tobacco smoking leads to extensive genome-wide changes in DNA methylation. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(5):e63812.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Bipolar Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40345-019-0176-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40345-019-0176-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40345-019-0176-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]],"date-time":"2024-07-31T13:07:24Z","timestamp":1722431244000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journalbipolardisorders.springeropen.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40345-019-0176-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,12]]},"references-count":86,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["176"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40345-019-0176-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["2194-7511"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2194-7511","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 September 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 December 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 February 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the local ethics committee for each study center and was carried out following the rules of the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Dr. Jens Reimer received honoraria from Otsuka-Lundbeck for participation in a speakers\u2019 bureau. Dr. Max Schmau\u00df received honoraria form Otsuka-Lundbeck, Neuraxpharm, Aristo and Janssen for participation in the speakers\u2019s bureau or advisory boards. All other authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"9"}}