{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T18:23:14Z","timestamp":1790706194121,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,27]],"date-time":"2021-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627344000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,27]],"date-time":"2021-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627344000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Program of Mobile and Intensive Observation-Research System Integration for Volcanic Areas"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Program of Mobile and Intensive Observation-Research System Integration for Volcanic Areas"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Earthquake and Volcano Hazards Observation and Research Program"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Earthquake and Volcano Hazards Observation and Research Program"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Earthquake and Volcano Hazards Observation and Research Program"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Earthquake and Volcano Hazards Observation and Research Program"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Earthquake and Volcano Hazards Observation and Research Program"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Earthquake and Volcano Hazards Observation and Research Program"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Earth Planets Space"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>An electrical resistivity model beneath Azumayama Volcano, NE Japan, is explored using magnetotelluric method to probe the magma\/hydrothermal fluid distribution. Azumayama is one of the most concerning active volcanoes capable of producing a potential eruption triggered by the 2011 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake. The three-dimensional resistivity model reveals a conductive magma reservoir (&lt;\u20093\u00a0\u03a9m) at depths of 3\u201315\u00a0km below sea level (bsl). The 67% and 90% confidence intervals of resistivity are 0.2\u20135 \u03a9m and 0.02\u201370 \u03a9m, respectively, for the magma reservoir. We assumed dacitic melt\u2009+\u2009rock at a shallow depth of 4\u00a0km bsl and andesitic melt\u2009+\u2009rock at a greater depth of 9\u00a0km bsl. The confidence interval of resistivity cannot be explained by using dacitic melt\u2009+\u2009rock condition at a depth of 4\u00a0km bsl. This suggests that very conductive hydrothermal fluids coexist with dacitic melt and rock in the shallow part of the magma reservoir. For the depth of 9\u00a0km bsl, the 67% confidence interval of resistivity is interpreted as water-saturated (8.0 weight %) andesitic melt\u2013mafic rock complex with melt volume fractions greater than 4 volume %, while the shear wave velocity requires the fluid and\/or melt volume fraction of 6\u20137 volume % at that depth. Considering the fluid and\/or melt volume fraction of 6\u20137 volume %, the conductive hydrous phase is likewise required to explain the wide range of the 67% confidence interval of resistivity. The Mogi inflation source determined from geodetic data lies on the resistive side near the top boundary of the conductive magma reservoir at a depth of 2.7 or 3.7\u00a0km bsl. Assuming that the resistivity of the inflation source region is above the upper bound of the confidence interval of resistivity for the conductive magma reservoir and that the source region is composed of hydrothermal fluid\u2009+\u2009rock, the resistivity of the source region is explained by a hydrothermal fluid volume fraction below 5 volume %, which is the percolation threshold porosity in an effusive eruption. This indicates that the percolation threshold characterizes the inflation source region.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40623-021-01451-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,26]],"date-time":"2021-07-26T23:30:38Z","timestamp":1627342238000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Magma reservoir beneath Azumayama Volcano, NE Japan, as inferred from a three-dimensional electrical resistivity model explored by means of magnetotelluric method"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"73","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0814-1265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masahiro","family":"Ichiki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshiki","family":"Kaida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Nakayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Miura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mare","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuichi","family":"Morita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Uyeshima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"1451_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1002\/2013JB010682","volume":"119","author":"K Aizawa","year":"2014","unstructured":"Aizawa K, Koyama T, Hase H, Uyeshima M, Kanda W, Utsugi M, Yoshimura R, Yamaya Y, Hashimoto T, Yamazaki K, Komatsu S, Watanabe A, Miyakawa K, Ogawa Y (2014) Three-dimensional resistivity structure and magma plumbing system of the Kirishima volcanoes as inferred from broadband magnetotelluric data. J Geophys Res Solid Earth 119:198\u2013215. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/2013JB010682","journal-title":"J Geophys Res Solid Earth"},{"key":"1451_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1093\/gji\/ggv144","volume":"202","author":"A Avdeeva","year":"2015","unstructured":"Avdeeva A, Moorkamp M, Avdeev D, Jegen M, Miensopust M (2015) Three-dimensional inversion of magnetotelluric impedance tensor data and full distortion matrix. Geophys J Intern 202:464\u2013481. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/gji\/ggv144","journal-title":"Geophys J Intern"},{"key":"1451_CR3","unstructured":"Ban M, Takebe Y, Adachi T, Matsui R, Nishi Y (2016) Eruption histories of Zao and Azuma volcanoes and their magma feeding systems for recent activities. Bull Earthq Res Inst Univ Tokyo 91: 25\u201339. https:\/\/repository.dl.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp\/record\/32405\/files\/IHO91301.pdf."},{"key":"1451_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"B05204","DOI":"10.1029\/2010JB008114","volume":"116","author":"MS Bebbington","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bebbington MS, Marzocchi W (2011) Stochastic models for earthquake triggering of volcanic eruptions. J Geophys Res Solid Earth 116:B05204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2010JB008114","journal-title":"J Geophys Res Solid Earth"},{"key":"1451_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1080\/01490410903297766","volume":"32","author":"JJ Becker","year":"2009","unstructured":"Becker JJ, Sandwell DT, Smith WHF, Braud J, Binder B, Depner J, Fabre D, Factor J, Ingalls S, Kim S-H, Ladner R, Marks K, Nelson S, Pharaoh A, Trimmer R, Von Rosenberg J, Wallace G, Weatherall P (2009) Global bathymetry and elevation data at 30 arc seconds resolution: SRTM30_PLUS. Mar Geodesy 32:355\u2013371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01490410903297766","journal-title":"Mar Geodesy"},{"key":"1451_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"L02304","DOI":"10.1029\/2011GL050177","volume":"39","author":"EA Bertrand","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bertrand EA, Caldwell TG, Hill GJ, Wallin EL, Bennie SL, Cozens N, Onacha SA, Ryan GA, Walter C, Zaino A, Wameyo P (2012) Magnetotelluric imaging of upper-crustal convection plumes beneath the Taupo volcanic zone. N Zealand Geophys Res Lett 39:L02304. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2011GL050177","journal-title":"N Zealand Geophys Res Lett"},{"key":"1451_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1007\/s004450100172","volume":"63","author":"J Blower","year":"2001","unstructured":"Blower J (2001) Factors controlling permeability-porosity relationships in magma. Bull Volcanol 63:497\u2013504. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s004450100172","journal-title":"Bull Volcanol"},{"key":"1451_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2017.04.023","volume":"470","author":"A Burgisser","year":"2017","unstructured":"Burgisser A, Chevalier L, Gardner JE, Castro JM (2017) The percolation threshold and permeability evolution of ascending magmas. Earth Planet Sci Lett 470:37\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.epsl.2017.04.023","journal-title":"Earth Planet Sci Lett"},{"key":"1451_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-246X.2004.02281.x","volume":"158","author":"TG Caldwell","year":"2004","unstructured":"Caldwell TG, Bibby HM, Brown C (2004) The magnetotelluric phase tensor. Geophys J Intern 158:457\u2013469. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-246X.2004.02281.x","journal-title":"Geophys J Intern"},{"key":"1451_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cashman KV, Sparks RSJ, Blundy JD (2017) Vertically extensive and unstable magmatic systems: a unified view of igneous processes. Science. 355: 6331, eaag3055. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aag3055","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aag3055"},{"key":"1451_CR11","first-page":"583","volume-title":"General statistics","author":"W Chase","year":"1986","unstructured":"Chase W, Brown F (1986) General statistics. John Wiley & Sons, New York, p 583"},{"key":"1451_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1002\/2013GC005216","volume":"15","author":"E Chaussard","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chaussard E, Amelung F (2014) Regional controls on magma ascent and storage in volcanic arcs. Geochem Geophys Geosyst 15:1407\u20131418. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/2013GC005216","journal-title":"Geochem Geophys Geosyst"},{"key":"1451_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139020138","volume-title":"The magnetotelluric method","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chave AD, Jones AG (eds) (2012) The magnetotelluric method. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p 552. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/CBO9781139020138"},{"key":"1451_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-246X.2004.02203.x","volume":"157","author":"AD Chave","year":"2004","unstructured":"Chave AD, Thomson DJ (2004) Bounded influence magnetotelluric response function estimation. Geophys J Intern 157:988\u20131006. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-246X.2004.02203.x","journal-title":"Geophys J Intern"},{"key":"1451_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8891","DOI":"10.1029\/2017JB015209","volume":"123","author":"K-X Chen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chen K-X, Gung Y, Kuo B-Y, Huang T-Y (2018) Crustal magmatism and deformation fabrics in northeast Japan revealed by ambient noise tomography. J Geophys Res Solid Earth 123:8891\u20138906. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2017JB015209","journal-title":"J Geophys Res Solid Earth"},{"key":"1451_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2017.01.011","volume":"462","author":"M Colombier","year":"2017","unstructured":"Colombier M, Wadsworth FB, Gurioli L, Scheu B, Kueppers U, Di Muro A, Dingwell DB (2017) The evolution of pore connectivity in volcanic rocks. Earth Planet Sci Lett 462:99\u2013109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.epsl.2017.01.011","journal-title":"Earth Planet Sci Lett"},{"key":"1451_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.1130\/GES01277.1","volume":"12","author":"MJ Comeau","year":"2016","unstructured":"Comeau MJ, Unsworth MJ, Cordell D (2016) New constraints on the magma distribution and composition beneath Volcan Uturuncu and the southern Bolivian Altiplano magnetotelluric data. Geosphere 12:1391\u20131421. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1130\/GES01277.1","journal-title":"Geosphere"},{"key":"1451_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1190\/1.1442303","volume":"52","author":"SC Constable","year":"1987","unstructured":"Constable SC, Parker RL, Constable CG (1987) Occam\u2019s inversion; a practical algorithm for generating smooth models from electromagnetic sounding data. Geophys 52:289\u2013300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1190\/1.1442303","journal-title":"Geophys"},{"key":"1451_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2018.01.007","volume":"488","author":"D Cordell","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cordell D, Unsworth MJ, Diaz D (2018) Imaging the Laguna del Maule volcanic field, central Chile, using magnetotellurics: Evidence for crustal melt regions laterally-offset from surface vents and Holocene lava flows. Earth Planet Sci Lett 488:168\u2013180. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.epsl.2018.01.007","journal-title":"Earth Planet Sci Lett"},{"key":"1451_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E35","DOI":"10.1190\/1.2820604","volume":"73","author":"JP Dvorkin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dvorkin JP (2008) Yet another vs equation. Geophys 73:E35\u2013E39. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1190\/1.2820604","journal-title":"Geophys"},{"key":"1451_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvolgeores.2015.03.016","volume":"297","author":"J Farquharson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Farquharson J, Heap MJ, Varley NR, Baud P, Reuschle T (2015) Permeability and porosity relationships of edifice-forming andesites: a combined field and laboratory study. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 297:52\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jvolgeores.2015.03.016","journal-title":"J Volcanol Geotherm Res"},{"key":"1451_CR22","unstructured":"Geospatial Information Authority of Japan (2019) Crustal deformations around Azuma volcano. Report of the Coordinating Committee for Prediction of Volcanic Eruption 132: 54\u201366. http:\/\/www.data.jma.go.jp\/svd\/vois\/data\/tokyo\/STOCK\/kaisetsu\/CCPVE\/Report\/132\/kaiho_132_08.pdf. (in Japanese)"},{"key":"1451_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E247","DOI":"10.1190\/1.3509781","volume":"75","author":"PWJ Glover","year":"2010","unstructured":"Glover PWJ (2010) A generalized Archie\u2019s law for n phases. Geophys 75:E247\u2013E265. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1190\/1.3509781","journal-title":"Geophys"},{"key":"1451_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/S0012-821X(00)00168-0","volume":"180","author":"PWJ Glover","year":"2000","unstructured":"Glover PWJ, Hole MJ, Pous J (2000) A modified Archie\u2019s law for two conducting phases. Earth Planet Sci Lett 180:369\u2013383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0012-821X(00)00168-0","journal-title":"Earth Planet Sci Lett"},{"key":"1451_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1777","DOI":"10.1002\/2016JB013524","volume":"122","author":"X Guo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Guo X, Li B, Ni H, Mao Z (2017) Electrical conductivity of hydrous andesitic melts pertinent to subduction zones. J Geophys Res Solid Earth 122:1777\u20131788. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/2016JB013524","journal-title":"J Geophys Res Solid Earth"},{"key":"1451_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1093\/petrology\/egq048","volume":"52","author":"AC Hack","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hack AC, Thompson AB (2011) Density and viscosity of hydrous magmas and related fluids and their role in subduction zone processes. J Petrol 52:1333\u20131362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/petrology\/egq048","journal-title":"J Petrol"},{"key":"1451_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3125","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1728579","volume":"33","author":"Z Hashin","year":"1962","unstructured":"Hashin Z, Shtrikman S (1962) A variational approach to the theory of effective magnetic permeability of multiphase materials. J Appl Phys 33:3125\u20133131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.1728579","journal-title":"J Appl Phys"},{"key":"1451_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6334","DOI":"10.1029\/2018JB015951","volume":"123","author":"M Hata","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hata M, Matsushima N, Takakura S, Utsugi M, Hashimoto T, Uyeshima M (2018) Three-dimensional electrical resistivity modeling to elucidate the crustal magma supply system beneath Aso caldera, Japan. J Geophys Res Solid Earth 123:6334\u20136346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2018JB015951","journal-title":"J Geophys Res Solid Earth"},{"key":"1451_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2925","DOI":"10.1002\/2013JB010521","volume":"119","author":"MJ Heap","year":"2014","unstructured":"Heap MJ, Lavall\u00e9e Y, Petrakova L, Baud P, Reuschl\u00e9 T, Varley NR, Dingwell NR (2014) Microstructural controls on the physical and mechanical properties of edifice-forming andesites at Volc\u00e1n de Colima, Mexico. J Geophys Res Solid Earth 119:2925\u20132963. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/2013JB010521","journal-title":"J Geophys Res Solid Earth"},{"key":"1451_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2015.07.053","volume":"429","author":"MJ Heap","year":"2015","unstructured":"Heap MJ, Farquharson JI, Wadsworth FB, Kolzenburg S, Russell JK (2015) Timescales for permeability reduction and strength recovery in densifying magma. Earth Planet Sci Lett 429:223\u2013233. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.epsl.2015.07.053","journal-title":"Earth Planet Sci Lett"},{"key":"1451_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pepi.2006.03.021","volume":"158","author":"W Heise","year":"2006","unstructured":"Heise W, Caldwell TG, Bibby HM, Brown C (2006) Anisotropy and phase splits in magnetotellurics. Phys Earth Planet Interior 158:107\u2013121. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pepi.2006.03.021","journal-title":"Phys Earth Planet Interior"},{"key":"1451_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1029\/2007GL029629","volume":"34","author":"W Heise","year":"2007","unstructured":"Heise W, Bibby HM, Caldwell TG, Bannister SC, Ogawa Y, Takakura S, Uchida T (2007) Melt distribution beneath a young continental rift: The Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand. Geophys Res Lett 34:1\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2007GL029629","journal-title":"Geophys Res Lett"},{"key":"1451_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-246X.2008.03737.x","volume":"173","author":"W Heise","year":"2008","unstructured":"Heise W, Caldwell TG, Bibby HM, Bannister SC (2008) Three-dimensional modelling of magnetotelluric data from the Rotokawa geothermal field, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand. Geophys J Intern 173:740\u2013750. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-246X.2008.03737.x","journal-title":"Geophys J Intern"},{"key":"1451_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"L10301","DOI":"10.1029\/2010GL043110","volume":"37","author":"W Heise","year":"2010","unstructured":"Heise W, Caldwell TG, Bibby HM, Bennie SL (2010) Three-dimensional electrical resistivity image of magma beneath an active continental rift, Taupo volcanic zone. N Zealand Geophys Res Lett 37:L10301. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2010GL043110","journal-title":"N Zealand Geophys Res Lett"},{"key":"1451_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvolgeores.2015.10.017","volume":"314","author":"W Heise","year":"2016","unstructured":"Heise W, Caldwell TG, Bertrand EA, Hill GJ, Bennie SL, Palmer NG (2016) Imaging the deep source of the Rotorua and Waimangu geothermal fields, Taupo volcanic zone, New Zealand. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 314:39\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jvolgeores.2015.10.017","journal-title":"J Volcanol Geotherm Res"},{"key":"1451_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1038\/ngeo661","volume":"2","author":"GJ Hill","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hill GJ, Caldwell TG, Heise W, Chertkoff DG, Bibby HM, Burgess MK, Cull JP, Cas RAF (2009) Distribution of melt beneath Mount St Helens and Mount Adams inferred from magnetotelluric data. Nature Geosci 2:785\u2013789. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ngeo661","journal-title":"Nature Geosci"},{"key":"1451_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01903487","volume":"13","author":"BA Hobbs","year":"1992","unstructured":"Hobbs BA (1992) Terminology and symbols for use in studies of electromagnetic induction in the Earth. Surv Geophys 13:489\u2013515. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF01903487","journal-title":"Surv Geophys"},{"key":"1451_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1190\/1.1440527","volume":"40","author":"GW Hohmann","year":"1975","unstructured":"Hohmann GW (1975) Three-dimensional induced polarization and electromagnetic modeling. Geophys 40:309\u2013324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1190\/1.1440527","journal-title":"Geophys"},{"key":"1451_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6019","DOI":"10.1029\/2017JB015160","volume":"123","author":"J H\u00fcbert","year":"2018","unstructured":"H\u00fcbert J, Whaler K, Fisseha S (2018) The electrical structure of the central main Ethiopian rift as imaged by magnetotellurics: Implications for magma storage and pathways. J Geophys Res Solid Earth 123:6019\u20136032. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2017JB015160","journal-title":"J Geophys Res Solid Earth"},{"key":"1451_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7937","DOI":"10.1002\/2015JB012028","volume":"120","author":"M Ichiki","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ichiki M, Ogawa Y, Kaida T, Koyama T, Uyeshima M, Demachi T, Hirahara S, Honkura Y, Kanda W, Kono T, Matsushima M, Nakayama T, Suzuki S, Toh H (2015) Electrical image of subduction zone beneath northeastern Japan. J Geophys Res Solid Earth 120:7937\u20137965. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/2015JB012028","journal-title":"J Geophys Res Solid Earth"},{"key":"1451_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ikegaya T, Yamamoto M (2020) Spatio-temporal charactSeristics and focal mechanisms of deep low-frequency earthquakes beneath Zao volcano, Japan. In: Abstracts of 2020 EGU General Assembly, EGU2020-12533. 10.5194\/egusphere-egu2020-12533","DOI":"10.5194\/egusphere-egu2020-12533"},{"key":"1451_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9201(90)90236-Q","volume":"59","author":"H Inoue","year":"1990","unstructured":"Inoue H, Fukao Y, Tanabe K, Ogata Y (1990) Whole mantle P-wave travel time tomography. Phys Earth Planet Interior 59:294\u2013328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0031-9201(90)90236-Q","journal-title":"Phys Earth Planet Interior"},{"key":"1451_CR77","unstructured":"Japan Meteorological Agency (2019) Volcanic activity of Azumayama volcano (October 24, 2018 \u2013 February 10, 2019). Report of the Coordinating Committee for Prediction of Volcanic Eruption 132: 27\u201349. http:\/\/www.data.jma.go.jp\/svd\/vois\/data\/tokyo\/STOCK\/kaisetsu\/CCPVE\/Report\/132\/kaiho_132_06.pdf. (in Japanese)"},{"key":"1451_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01901659","volume":"11","author":"GR Jiracek","year":"1990","unstructured":"Jiracek GR (1990) Near-surface and topographic distortions in electromagnetic induction. Surv Geophys 11:163\u2013203. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF01901659","journal-title":"Surv Geophys"},{"key":"1451_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1190\/1.1441407","volume":"48","author":"KA Kariya","year":"1983","unstructured":"Kariya KA, Shankland TJ (1983) Electrical conductivity of dry lower crustal rocks. Geophys 48:52\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1190\/1.1441407","journal-title":"Geophys"},{"key":"1451_CR45","unstructured":"Kawanabe Y, Ueki S (2013) Azumayama. In: Japan Meteorological Agency, The Volcanological Society of Japan (eds), National catalogue of the active volcanoes in Japan, 4th edn, Japan Meteorological Agency, Tokyo. https:\/\/www.data.jma.go.jp\/svd\/vois\/data\/tokyo\/STOCK\/souran_eng\/volcanoes\/034_azumayama.pdf."},{"key":"1451_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2185","DOI":"10.1093\/petrology\/egl041","volume":"47","author":"J Kimura","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kimura J, Yoshida T (2006) Contributions of slab fluid, mantle wedge and crust to the origin of quaternary lavas in the NE Japan arc. J Petrol 47:2185\u20132232. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/petrology\/egl041","journal-title":"J Petrol"},{"key":"1451_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.5047\/eps.2012.10.005","volume":"65","author":"S Komori","year":"2013","unstructured":"Komori S, Kagiyama T, Utsugi M, Inoue H, Azuhata I (2013) Two-dimensional resistivity structure of Unzen Volcano revealed by AMT and MT surveys. Earth Planets Space 65:759\u2013766. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5047\/eps.2012.10.005","journal-title":"Earth Planets Space"},{"key":"1451_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.14943\/gbhu.78.53","volume":"78","author":"J Koyama","year":"2015","unstructured":"Koyama J (2015) Is it true that great earthquakes induce large volcanic eruptions worldwide? Geophys Bull Hokkaido Univ 78:53\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14943\/gbhu.78.53 (in Japanese with English abstract and figure caption)","journal-title":"Geophys Bull Hokkaido Univ"},{"key":"1451_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvolgeores.2016.02.012","volume":"316","author":"ARL Kushnir","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kushnir ARL, Martel C, Bourdier JL, Heap MJ, Reuschl\u00e9 T, Erdmann S, Komorowski J-C, Cholik N (2016) Probing permeability and microstructure: Unravelling the role of a low-permeability dome on the explosivity of Merapi (Indonesia). J Volcanol Geotherm Res 316:56\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jvolgeores.2016.02.012","journal-title":"J Volcanol Geotherm Res"},{"key":"1451_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemgeo.2014.09.019","author":"M Laumonier","year":"2015","unstructured":"Laumonier M, Gaillard F, Sifre D (2015) The effect of pressure and water concentration on the electrical conductivity of dacitic melts: Implication for magnetotelluric imaging in subduction areas. Chem Geol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chemgeo.2014.09.019","journal-title":"Chem Geol"},{"key":"1451_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2016.10.023","volume":"457","author":"M Laumonier","year":"2017","unstructured":"Laumonier M, Gaillard F, Muir D, Blundy J, Unsworth M (2017) Giant magmatic water reservoirs at mid-crustal depth inferred from electrical conductivity and the growth of the continental crust. Earth Planet Sci Lett 457:173\u2013180. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.epsl.2016.10.023","journal-title":"Earth Planet Sci Lett"},{"key":"1451_CR52","first-page":"261","volume-title":"Hydrothermal experimental techniques, Chap. 11","author":"WL Marshall","year":"1987","unstructured":"Marshall WL, Frantz JD (1987) Electrical conductance measurements of dilute, aqueous electrolytes at temperatures to 800 \u00b0C and pressures to 4000 bars: techniques and interpretations. In: Barnes HL, Ulmer GC (eds) Hydrothermal experimental techniques, Chap. 11. Wiley-Interscience, Hoboken, pp 261\u2013292"},{"key":"1451_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvolgeores.2019.106742","volume":"390","author":"Y Matsunaga","year":"2020","unstructured":"Matsunaga Y, Kanda W, Takakura S, Koyama T, Saito Z, Seki K, Suzuki A, Kishita T, Kinoshita Y, Ogawa Y (2020) Magmatic hydrothermal system inferred from the resistivity structure of Kusatsu-Shirane volcano. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 390:106742. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jvolgeores.2019.106742","journal-title":"J Volcanol Geotherm Res"},{"key":"1451_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13493","volume":"511","author":"RS McGary","year":"2014","unstructured":"McGary RS, Evans RL, Wannamaker PE, Elsenbeck J, Rondenay S (2014) Pathway from subducting slab to surface for melt and fluids beneath Mount Rainier. Nature 511:338\u2013341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature13493","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1451_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2009.03.026","volume":"282","author":"C Michaut","year":"2009","unstructured":"Michaut C, Bercovici D, Sparks RSJ (2009) Ascent and compaction of gas rich magma and the effects of hysteretic permeability. Earth Planet Sci Lett 282:258\u2013267. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.epsl.2009.03.026","journal-title":"Earth Planet Sci Lett"},{"key":"1451_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1007\/s00445-004-0392-4","volume":"67","author":"S Mueller","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mueller S, Melnik O, Spieler O, Scheu B, Dingwell DB (2005) Permeability and degassing of dome lavas undergoing rapid decompression: an experimental determination. Bull Volcanol 67:526\u2013538. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00445-004-0392-4","journal-title":"Bull Volcanol"},{"key":"1451_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4301","DOI":"10.1029\/92JB02576","volume":"98","author":"BE Nesbitt","year":"1993","unstructured":"Nesbitt BE (1993) Electrical resistivities of crustal fluids. J Geophys Res 98:4301\u20134310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/92JB02576","journal-title":"J Geophys Res"},{"key":"1451_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7750","DOI":"10.1002\/2017GL074579","volume":"44","author":"T Nishimura","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nishimura T (2017) Triggering of volcanic eruptions by large earthquakes. Geophys Res Lett 44:7750\u20137756. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/2017GL074579","journal-title":"Geophys Res Lett"},{"key":"1451_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40623-014-0158-y","volume":"66","author":"Y Ogawa","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ogawa Y, Ichiki M, Kanda W, Mishina M, Asamori K (2014) Three-dimensional magnetotelluric imaging of crustal fluids and seismicity around Naruko volcano, NE Japan. Earth Planets Space 66:1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40623-014-0158-y","journal-title":"Earth Planets Space"},{"key":"1451_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1111\/gfl.12112","volume":"15","author":"T Okada","year":"2015","unstructured":"Okada T, Matsuzawa T, Umino N, Yoshida K, Hasegawa A, Takahashi H, Yamada T, Kosuga M, Takeda T, Kato A, Igarashi T, Obara K, Sakai S, Saiga A, IIdaka T, Iwasaki T, Hirata N, Tsumura N, Yamanaka Y, Terakawa T, Nakamichi H, Okuda T, Horikawa S, Katao H, Miura T, Kubo A, Matsushima T, Goto K, Miyamachi H (2015) Hypocenter migration and crustal seismic velocity distribution observed for the inland earthquake swarms induced by the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake in NE Japan: implications for crustal fluid distribution and crustal permeability. Geofluids 15:293\u2013309. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/gfl.12112","journal-title":"Geofluids"},{"key":"1451_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1130\/G35855.1","volume":"42","author":"S Okumura","year":"2014","unstructured":"Okumura S, Sasaki O (2014) Permeability reduction of fractured rhyolite in volcanic conduits and its control on eruption cyclicity. Geology 42:843\u2013846. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1130\/G35855.1","journal-title":"Geology"},{"key":"1451_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"L18403","DOI":"10.1029\/2012GL053080","volume":"39","author":"JR Peacock","year":"2012","unstructured":"Peacock JR, Thiel S, Reid P, Heinson G (2012) Magnetotelluric monitoring of a fluid injection: example from an enhanced geothermal system. Geophys Res Lett 39:L18403. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2012GL053080","journal-title":"Geophys Res Lett"},{"key":"1451_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1130\/GES01578.1","volume":"14","author":"ME Pritchard","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pritchard ME, De Silva SL, Michelfelder G, Zandt G, McNutt SR, Gottsmann J, West ME, Blundy J, Christensen DH, Finnegan N, Minaya JE, Sparks RSJ, Sunagua M, Unsworth MJ, Alvizuri C, Comeau MJ, del Potro R, D\u00edaz D, Diez M, Farrell A, Henderson ST, Jay JA, Lopez T, Legrand D, Naranjo JA, McFarlin H, Muir D, Perkins JP, Spica Z, Wilder A, Ward KM (2018) Synthesis: PLUTONS: investigating the relationship between pluton growth and volcanism in the Central Andes. Geosphere 14:954\u2013982. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1130\/GES01578.1","journal-title":"Geosphere"},{"key":"1451_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2004.09.025","volume":"228","author":"AC Rust","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rust AC, Cashman KV (2004) Permeability of vesicular silicic magma: inertial and hysteresis effects. Earth Planet Sci Lett 228:93\u2013107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.epsl.2004.09.025","journal-title":"Earth Planet Sci Lett"},{"key":"1451_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"B11202","DOI":"10.1029\/2011JB008494","volume":"116","author":"AC Rust","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rust AC, Cashman KV (2011) Permeability controls on expansion and size distributions of pyroclasts. J Geophys Res Solid Earth 116:B11202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2011JB008494","journal-title":"J Geophys Res Solid Earth"},{"key":"1451_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1029\/2011JB008657","volume":"117","author":"A Siniscalchi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Siniscalchi A, Tripaldi S, Neri M, Balasco M, Romano G, Ruch J, Schiavone D (2012) Flank instability structure of Mt. Etna inferred by a magnetotelluric survey. J Geophys Res Solid Earth 117:1\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2011JB008657","journal-title":"J Geophys Res Solid Earth"},{"key":"1451_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1190\/1.1444778","volume":"65","author":"W Siripunvaraporn","year":"2000","unstructured":"Siripunvaraporn W, Egbert G (2000) An efficient data-subspace inversion method for 2-D magnetotelluric data. Geophys 65:791\u2013803. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1190\/1.1444778","journal-title":"Geophys"},{"key":"1451_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pepi.2009.01.013","volume":"173","author":"W Siripunvaraporn","year":"2009","unstructured":"Siripunvaraporn W, Egbert GD (2009) WSINV3DMT: vertical magnetic field transfer function inversion and parallel implementation. Phys Earth Planet Interior 173:317\u2013329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pepi.2009.01.013","journal-title":"Phys Earth Planet Interior"},{"key":"1451_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pepi.2004.08.023","volume":"150","author":"W Siripunvaraporn","year":"2005","unstructured":"Siripunvaraporn W, Egbert GD, Lenbury Y, Uyeshima M (2005) Three-dimensional magnetotelluric inversion: data-space method. Phys Earth Planet Interior 150:3\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pepi.2004.08.023","journal-title":"Phys Earth Planet Interior"},{"key":"1451_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1130\/0091-7613(1999)027<0613:GDFPIM>2.3.CO;2","volume":"27","author":"TW Sisson","year":"1999","unstructured":"Sisson TW, Bacon CR (1999) Gas-driven filter pressing in magmas. Geology 27:613\u2013616. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1130\/0091-7613(1999)027%3c0613:GDFPIM%3e2.3.CO;2","journal-title":"Geology"},{"key":"1451_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1038\/ngeo1857","volume":"6","author":"Y Takada","year":"2013","unstructured":"Takada Y, Fukushima Y (2013) Volcanic subsidence triggered by the 2011 Tohoku earthquake in Japan. Nature Geosci 6:637\u2013641. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ngeo1857","journal-title":"Nature Geosci"},{"key":"1451_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1093\/petrology\/egs065","volume":"54","author":"T Takahashi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Takahashi T, Hirahara Y, Miyazaki T, Senda R, Chang Q, Kimura J, Tatsumi Y (2013) Primary magmas at the volcanic front of the NE Japan arc: coeval eruption of crustal low-K tholeiitic and mantle-derived medium-K calc-alkaline basalts at Azuma volcano. J Petrol 54:103\u2013148. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/petrology\/egs065","journal-title":"J Petrol"},{"key":"1451_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1971","DOI":"10.1093\/petrology\/egn055","volume":"49","author":"Y Tatsumi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tatsumi Y, Takahashi T, Hirahara Y, Chang Q, Miyazaki T, Kimura JI, Ban M, Sakayori A (2008) New insights into andesite genesis: the role of mantle-derived calc-alkalic and crust-derived tholeiitic melts in magma differentiation beneath Zao volcano, NE Japan. J Petrol 49:1971\u20132008. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/petrology\/egn055","journal-title":"J Petrol"},{"key":"1451_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1007\/s00410-004-0621-z","volume":"148","author":"N Toya","year":"2005","unstructured":"Toya N, Ban M, Shinjo R (2005) Petrology of Aoso volcano, northeast Japan arc: temporal variation of the magma feeding system and nature of low-K amphibole andesite in the Aoso-Osore volcanic zone. Contrib Mineral Petrol 148:566\u2013581. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00410-004-0621-z","journal-title":"Contrib Mineral Petrol"},{"key":"1451_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1186\/s40623-020-01283-2","volume":"72","author":"KH Tseng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tseng KH, Ogawa Y, Nurhasan, Tank SB, Ujihara N, Honkura Y, Terada A, Usui Y, Kanda W (2020) Anatomy of active volcanic edifice at the Kusatsu-Shirane volcano, Japan, by magnetotellurics: hydrothermal implications for volcanic unrests. Earth Planets Space 72:161. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40623-020-01283-2","journal-title":"Earth Planets Space"},{"key":"1451_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12821","DOI":"10.1029\/2018GL080202","volume":"45","author":"K Tsukamoto","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tsukamoto K, Aizawa K, Chiba K, Kanda W, Uyeshima M, Koyama T, Utsugi M, Seki K, Kishita T (2018) Three-dimensional resistivity structure of Iwo-Yama volcano, Kirishima volcanic complex, Japan: Relationship to shallow seismicity, surface uplift, and a small phreatic eruption. Geophys Res Lett 45:12821\u201312828. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2018GL080202","journal-title":"Geophys Res Lett"},{"key":"1451_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvolgeores.2004.07.023","volume":"140","author":"PJ Wallace","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wallace PJ (2005) Volatiles in subduction zone magmas: concentrations and fluxes based on melt inclusion and volcanic gas data. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 140:217\u2013240. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jvolgeores.2004.07.023","journal-title":"J Volcanol Geotherm Res"},{"key":"1451_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1190\/1.1441777","volume":"49","author":"PE Wannamaker","year":"1984","unstructured":"Wannamaker PE, Hohmann GW, Ward SH (1984) Magnetotelluric responses of three-dimensional bodies in layered earths. Geophys 49:1517\u20131533. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1190\/1.1441777","journal-title":"Geophys"},{"key":"1451_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsl.2009.01.023","volume":"280","author":"HMN Wright","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wright HMN, Cashman KV, Gottesfeld EH, Roberts JJ (2009) Pore structure of volcanic clasts: measurements of permeability and electrical conductivity. Earth Planet Sci Lett 280:93\u2013104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.epsl.2009.01.023","journal-title":"Earth Planet Sci Lett"},{"key":"1451_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.5575\/geosoc.111.94","volume":"111","author":"T Yamamoto","year":"2005","unstructured":"Yamamoto T (2005) Eruptive history of Azuma volcano, NE Japan during last 7000 years: Stratigraphy and magma-plumbing system of the Azuma-Jododaira products. J Geol Soc Japan 111:94\u2013110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5575\/geosoc.111.94 (in Japanese with English abstract and figure caption)","journal-title":"J Geol Soc Japan"},{"key":"1451_CR82","unstructured":"Yamamoto M (2014) Volcanic activities of Hakkoda volcano after the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake. In: Abstracts of 2014 Japan Geoscience Union Meetings, SVC55-P06e, Yokohama, Japan, 28 April to 2 May 2014"},{"key":"1451_CR83","unstructured":"Yoshida Y, Funakoshi M, Nishida M, Ohmi K, Takagi A, Ando S (2012) Crustal deformation observed by GPS around Azuma volcano. Quart J Seismol. 76: 1\u20138. https:\/\/www.jma.go.jp\/jma\/kishou\/books\/kenshin\/vol76p001.pdf. (in Japanese with English abstract and figure caption)."},{"key":"1451_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1144\/SP385.15","volume-title":"Orogenic andesites and crustal growth, Special Publications","author":"T Yoshida","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yoshida T, Kimura J, Yamada R, Acocella V, Sato H, Zhao D, Nakajima J, Hasegawa A, Okada T, Honda S, Ishikawa M, Prima ODA, Kudo T, Shibazaki B, Tanaka A, Imaizumi T (2014) Evolution of late Cenozoic magmatism and the crust-mantle structure in the NE Japan arc. In: Gomez-Tuena A, Straub SM, Zellmer GF (eds) Orogenic andesites and crustal growth, Special Publications, vol 385. Geological Society, London, pp 335\u2013387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1144\/SP385.15"},{"key":"1451_CR85","unstructured":"Yoshigai Y, Ohmi K, Nihara Y, Kobayashi T, Yamamoto M, Morita Y (2019) Recent volcanic activity in Azumayama, Japan. In Abstracts of AGU Fall Meeting, V51J-0227, San Francisco, CA, USA, 9\u201313 December 2019"},{"key":"1451_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40623-018-0848-y","volume":"70","author":"R Yoshimura","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yoshimura R, Ogawa Y, Yukutake Y, Kanda W, Komori S, Hase H, Goto T, Honda R, Harada M, Yamazaki T, Kamo M, Kawasaki S, Higa T, Suzuki T, Yasuda Y, Tani M, Usui Y (2018) Resistivity characterisation of Hakone volcano, Central Japan, by three-dimensional magnetotelluric inversion. Earth Planets Space 70:1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40623-018-0848-y","journal-title":"Earth Planets Space"},{"key":"1451_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"G333","DOI":"10.1190\/1.2358403","volume":"71","author":"MS Zhdanov","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zhdanov MS, Lee SK, Yoshioka K (2006) Integral equation method for 3D modeling of electromagnetic fields in complex structures with inhomogeneous background conductivity. Geophys 71:G333\u2013G345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1190\/1.2358403","journal-title":"Geophys"}],"container-title":["Earth, Planets and Space"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40623-021-01451-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40623-021-01451-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40623-021-01451-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,26]],"date-time":"2021-07-26T23:33:38Z","timestamp":1627342418000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/earth-planets-space.springeropen.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40623-021-01451-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,27]]},"references-count":87,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1451"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40623-021-01451-y","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-139301\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1880-5981"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1880-5981","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 December 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 June 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 July 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"150"}}