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The workshop was designed to discuss the role of inflammation in bone regeneration in the context of fundamental biology, and to develop therapeutic strategies that involve immune modulation. Delayed or non\u2010healing of bone is a major clinical problem, with around 10% of fracture patients suffering from unsatisfying healing outcomes. Inflammation is traditionally seen as a defense mechanism, but was recently found essential in supporting and modulating regenerative cascades. In bone healing, macrophages and T\u2010 and B\u2010cells interact with progenitor cells, bone forming osteoblasts and remodeling osteoclasts. Among the cells of the innate immunity, macrophages are promising candidates for targets in immune\u2010modulatory interventions that would overcome complications in bone healing and bone\u2010related diseases. Among the cells of the adaptive immune system, CD8+ T cells have been shown to have a negative impact on bone fracture healing outcome, whereas regulatory T cells could be promising candidates that have a positive, modulating effect on bone fracture healing. This workshop addressed recent advances and key challenges in this exciting interdisciplinary research field.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40634-014-0017-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,6]],"date-time":"2015-02-06T04:04:00Z","timestamp":1423195440000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":88,"title":["Immune modulation as a therapeutic strategy in bone regeneration"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Claudia","family":"Schlundt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Julius Wolff Institut and Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery Charit\u00e9 \u2010 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Augustenburger Platz 1 13353 Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Berlin\u2010Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Augustenburger Platz 1 13353 Berlin 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